Grammar parses for passage 9.30.10
Open translation for this passage
ἐπεὶ δὲ ἐδόκει τῷ θεῷ, συνέβαινέ σφισι τοιάδε.
Conditional temporal clause with ἐδόκει θεῷ (‘it seemed good to the god’) governing the main clause; συνέβαινέ is impersonal, with σφισι as dative experiencer and τοιάδε as predicative/resultative complement. The exact force of τοιάδε is somewhat context-dependent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπεὶ | ἐπεί | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 ἐδόκει | mark | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 συνέβαινέ | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐδόκει | δοκέω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 7 συνέβαινέ | advcl | high | Impersonal ‘it seemed good’; temporal subordinate-clause predicate. |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 θεῷ | det | high | |
| 5 | θεῷ | θεός | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἐδόκει | obl | high | Dative with δοκέω, the deity to whom it seemed good. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 συνέβαινέ | punct | high | |
| 7 | συνέβαινέ | συμβαίνω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal main predicate, ‘it happened/ensued’. |
| 8 | σφισι | σφεῖς | PRON | RP-DP | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 7 συνέβαινέ | iobj | high | Dative plural pronoun, affected participants/experiencer. |
| 9 | τοιάδε | τοιόσδε | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 συνέβαινέ | xcomp | medium | Neuter plural demonstrative adjective used substantivally or predicatively: ‘such things’; syntactic function is context-sensitive. |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 συνέβαινέ | punct | high |
ποιμὴν περὶ μεσοῦσαν μάλιστα τὴν ἡμέραν ἐπικλίνων αὑτὸν πρὸς τοῦ Ὀρφέως τὸν τάφον, ὁ μὲν ἐκάθευδεν ὁ ποιμήν, ἐπῄει δέ οἱ καὶ καθεύδοντι ἔπη τε ᾄδειν τῶν Ὀρφέως καὶ μέγα καὶ ἡδὺ φωνεῖν.
The opening participial phrase is an adjunct with ποιμήν as its understood subject and ἐπικλίνων governing the reflexive and πρὸς phrase. In the main clause, ὁ ποιμήν is appositional/reduplicative to the initial ποιμήν; ἐπῄει takes the infinitival complement ᾄδειν ... καὶ φωνεῖν, with ἔπη as the object of ᾄδειν and μέγα/ἡδύ as adverbial predicates of φωνεῖν. The dative οἱ and καθεύδοντι refer to the sleeping shepherd.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ποιμὴν | ποιμήν | NOUN | N----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐπικλίνων | nsubj | high | Subject of the circumstantial participle and coreferential with ὁ ποιμήν. |
| 2 | περὶ | περί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 3 μεσοῦσαν | case | high | Preposition governing μεσοῦσαν τὴν ἡμέραν. |
| 3 | μεσοῦσαν | μεσόω | VERB | V-PAP-ASA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 ἡμέραν | amod | medium | Participial form used adjectivally with ἡμέραν, ‘midday’. |
| 4 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Sup | 7 ἐπικλίνων | advmod | high | Superlative adverb modifying the temporal circumstance. |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-AF-S-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἡμέραν | det | high | |
| 6 | ἡμέραν | ἡμέρα | NOUN | N----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐπικλίνων | obl | high | Temporal accusative, modified by περὶ μεσοῦσαν. |
| 7 | ἐπικλίνων | ἐπικλίνω | VERB | V-PAP-NMS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 17 ἐκάθευδεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying the main predicate. |
| 8 | αὑτὸν | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 7 ἐπικλίνων | obj | high | Reflexive object of ἐπικλίνων. |
| 9 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 τάφον | case | high | Preposition governing τὸν τάφον. |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-GM-S-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Ὀρφέως | det | high | |
| 11 | Ὀρφέως | Ὀρφεύς | PROPN | N---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 τάφον | nmod | high | Possessive genitive. |
| 12 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L-AM-S-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 τάφον | det | high | |
| 13 | τάφον | τάφος | NOUN | N----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐπικλίνων | obl | high | Object of direction with πρός. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐκάθευδεν | punct | high | |
| 15 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L-NM-S-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ποιμήν | det | high | |
| 16 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 17 ἐκάθευδεν | discourse | high | Correlative particle paired with δέ. |
| 17 | ἐκάθευδεν | καθεύδω | VERB | V-IAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite predicate. |
| 18 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L-NM-S-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ποιμήν | det | high | |
| 19 | ποιμήν | ποιμήν | NOUN | N----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἐκάθευδεν | nsubj | high | Explicit subject of ἐκάθευδεν; appositional/reduplicative with token 1. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 ἐπῄει | punct | high | |
| 21 | ἐπῄει | ἔπειμι | VERB | V-IAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 17 ἐκάθευδεν | conj | medium | Imperfect of ἔπειμι, ‘was coming upon/was incumbent’; coordinated after δέ. |
| 22 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 ἐπῄει | cc | high | Coordinates the second finite clause. |
| 23 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P---DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 21 ἐπῄει | iobj | medium | Dative of reference, ‘for him’; form homographic with nominative plural article. |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 25 καθεύδοντι | cc | high | Links καθεύδοντι to the surrounding dative complement. |
| 25 | καθεύδοντι | καθεύδω | VERB | V-PAP-DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 21 ἐπῄει | advcl | medium | Dative participle agreeing with οἱ, ‘while he was sleeping’; syntactically a supplementary participle. |
| 26 | ἔπη | ἔπος | NOUN | N----APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 28 ᾄδειν | obj | high | Object of ᾄδειν. |
| 27 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 28 ᾄδειν | cc | high | Connects the infinitival complements. |
| 28 | ᾄδειν | ᾄδω | VERB | V-PAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 21 ἐπῄει | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of ἐπῄει. |
| 29 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-GM-P-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 Ὀρφέως | det | high | |
| 30 | Ὀρφέως | Ὀρφεύς | PROPN | N---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 ἔπη | nmod | medium | Genitive probably dependent on ἔπη, ‘verses of Orpheus’; article-number mismatch reflects lexical/poetic usage or textual uncertainty. |
| 31 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 32 μέγα | cc | high | Coordinates the adverbial modifiers. |
| 32 | μέγα | μέγας | ADV | A----NSN- | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 35 φωνεῖν | advmod | medium | Neuter adverbial accusative/nominal form modifying φωνεῖν. |
| 33 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 34 ἡδὺ | cc | high | Coordinates μέγα and ἡδύ. |
| 34 | ἡδὺ | ἡδύς | ADV | A----NSN- | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 35 φωνεῖν | advmod | medium | Neuter adverbial form modifying φωνεῖν. |
| 35 | φωνεῖν | φωνέω | VERB | V-PAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 21 ἐπῄει | xcomp | high | Second infinitival complement coordinated with ᾄδειν. |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐκάθευδεν | punct | high |
οἱ οὖν ἐγγύτατα νέμοντες ἢ καὶ ἀροῦντες ἕκαστοι τὰ ἔργα ἀπολείποντες ἠθροίζοντο ἐπὶ τοῦ ποιμένος τὴν ἐν τῷ ὕπνῳ ᾠδήν·
Main subject οἱ ... νέμοντες ἢ ... ἀροῦντες ἕκαστοι; the participial phrase ἀπολείποντες τὰ ἔργα modifies the same subject. ἐπὶ τοῦ ποιμένος is locative/directional context for ἠθροίζοντο, while τὴν ... ᾠδήν is the object of an understood activity associated with the shepherd; attachment of the accusative phrase is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 νέμοντες | det | high | |
| 2 | οὖν | οὖν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 12 ἠθροίζοντο | discourse | high | |
| 3 | ἐγγύτατα | ἐγγύς | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Sup | 4 νέμοντες | advmod | high | |
| 4 | νέμοντες | νέμω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 ἠθροίζοντο | nsubj | high | Substantival/subject participle. |
| 5 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ἀροῦντες | cc | high | |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ἀροῦντες | cc | high | Coordinates with ἢ. |
| 7 | ἀροῦντες | ἀρόω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 νέμοντες | conj | high | |
| 8 | ἕκαστοι | ἕκαστος | PRON | A----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Ind | 4 νέμοντες | appos | medium | Independent distributive nominative; could be analyzed as a subject-oriented modifier. |
| 9 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T----APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἔργα | det | high | |
| 10 | ἔργα | ἔργον | NOUN | N----APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 ἀπολείποντες | obj | high | |
| 11 | ἀπολείποντες | ἀπολείπω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 ἠθροίζοντο | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle. |
| 12 | ἠθροίζοντο | ἀθροίζω | VERB | V-IMI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 13 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 ποιμένος | case | high | |
| 14 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ποιμένος | det | high | |
| 15 | ποιμένος | ποιμήν | NOUN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἠθροίζοντο | obl | medium | ἐπί with genitive; locative/directional attachment is context-dependent. |
| 16 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ᾠδήν | det | high | |
| 17 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 ὕπνῳ | case | high | |
| 18 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ὕπνῳ | det | high | |
| 19 | ὕπνῳ | ὕπνος | NOUN | N----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ᾠδήν | nmod | high | Prepositional modifier of ᾠδήν. |
| 20 | ᾠδήν | ᾠδή | NOUN | N----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἠθροίζοντο | obj | low | Accusative phrase may be governed by an elided verb or represent the song as the object/theme of gathering; syntactic attachment is uncertain. |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἠθροίζοντο | punct | high |
καί ποτε ὠθοῦντες ἀλλήλους καὶ ἐρίζοντες ὅστις ἐγγύτατα ἔσται τῷ ποιμένι ἀνατρέπουσι τὸν κίονα, καὶ κατεάγη τε ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ πεσοῦσα ἡ θήκη καὶ εἶδεν ἥλιος ὅ τι ἦν τῶν ὀστῶν τοῦ Ὀρφέως λοιπόν.
The passage contains coordinated finite clauses (ἀνατρέπουσι, κατεάγη, εἶδεν); ὅστις ... ἔσται is an embedded contest clause, and ὅ τι ἦν τῶν ὀστῶν τοῦ Ὀρφέως is the content of εἶδεν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καί | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 12 ἀνατρέπουσι | cc | high | |
| 2 | ποτε | ποτε | ADV | _ | PronType=Ind | 12 ἀνατρέπουσι | advmod | high | |
| 3 | ὠθοῦντες | ὠθέω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 12 ἀνατρέπουσι | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle. |
| 4 | ἀλλήλους | ἀλλήλων | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rcp | 3 ὠθοῦντες | obj | high | |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 6 ἐρίζοντες | cc | high | |
| 6 | ἐρίζοντες | ἐρίζω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 12 ἀνατρέπουσι | advcl | high | Coordinated circumstantial participle. |
| 7 | ὅστις | ὅστις | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 9 ἔσται | nsubj | high | Indefinite relative subject. |
| 8 | ἐγγύτατα | ἐγγύς | ADV | _ | Degree=Sup | 9 ἔσται | advmod | high | |
| 9 | ἔσται | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|Voice=Mid | 6 ἐρίζοντες | ccomp | medium | Future predicate in the contest clause. |
| 10 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ποιμένι | det | high | |
| 11 | ποιμένι | ποιμήν | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἔσται | obl | high | Dative of proximity with ἐγγύτατα. |
| 12 | ἀνατρέπουσι | ἀνατρέπω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 13 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 κίονα | det | high | |
| 14 | κίονα | κίων | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἀνατρέπουσι | obj | high | |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἀνατρέπουσι | punct | high | |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 17 κατεάγη | cc | high | |
| 17 | κατεάγη | κατάγνυμι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 25 εἶδεν | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb. |
| 18 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 17 κατεάγη | cc | high | |
| 19 | ἀπʼ | ἀπό | ADP | _ | _ | 20 αὐτοῦ | case | high | Elided form of ἀπό. |
| 20 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 21 πεσοῦσα | obl | high | |
| 21 | πεσοῦσα | πίπτω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 23 θήκη | acl | high | Agrees with θήκη. |
| 22 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 θήκη | det | high | |
| 23 | θήκη | θήκη | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 κατεάγη | nsubj | high | |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 25 εἶδεν | cc | high | |
| 25 | εἶδεν | ὁράω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Second coordinated finite clause; coordination with prior clause is paratactic. |
| 26 | ἥλιος | ἥλιος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 εἶδεν | nsubj | high | |
| 27 | ὅ | ὅς | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 29 ἦν | obj | medium | Relative/interrogative element introducing the content clause with τι. |
| 28 | τι | τις | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 29 ἦν | nsubj | medium | Together ὅ τι, an indefinite relative expression meaning 'whatever'; syntactically subject-like in the clause. |
| 29 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 25 εἶδεν | ccomp | high | Content clause governed by εἶδεν. |
| 30 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 31 ὀστῶν | det | high | |
| 31 | ὀστῶν | ὀστέον | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 29 ἦν | obl | medium | Partitive genitive with ὅ τι ἦν. |
| 32 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 Ὀρφέως | det | high | |
| 33 | Ὀρφέως | Ὀρφεύς | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 ὀστῶν | nmod | high | |
| 34 | λοιπόν | λοιπός | ADV | _ | _ | 29 ἦν | advmod | high | Adverbial use: thereafter/remained. |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 εἶδεν | punct | high |