Grammar parses for passage 9.32.4
Open translation for this passage
παραπλέοντι δὲ αὐτόθεν πόλισμά ἐστιν οὐ μέγα ἐπὶ θαλάσσῃ Τίφα·
Impersonal ἐστιν is the root; πόλισμα is its subject, μέγα its predicative adjective, and Τίφα apposes πόλισμα. παραπλέοντι is a dative circumstantial participle, with αὐτόθεν modifying it.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παραπλέοντι | παραπλέω | VERB | V-PAP-D-SM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 ἐστιν | advcl | medium | Dative circumstantial participle; understood subject is the traveler/person passing by. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ἐστιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτόθεν | αὐτόθεν | ADV | ADV | _ | 1 παραπλέοντι | advmod | high | Adverb meaning 'from that very place' or 'therefrom'. |
| 4 | πόλισμά | πόλισμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Neuter nominative subject of ἐστιν. |
| 5 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/presentative copular verb. |
| 6 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART | _ | 7 μέγα | advmod | high | Negates the predicate adjective μέγα. |
| 7 | μέγα | μέγας | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 πόλισμά | amod | medium | Predicate adjective agreeing with πόλισμα; attached as adjectival modifier. |
| 8 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 θαλάσσῃ | case | high | Preposition governing the dative. |
| 9 | θαλάσσῃ | θάλασσα | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστιν | obl | high | Locative/extended-location complement of ἐστιν with ἐπί. |
| 10 | Τίφα | Τίφα | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 πόλισμά | appos | medium | Place-name apposition; form is indeclinable or irregular relative to neuter πόλισμα. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστιν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
Ἡρακλεῖόν τε Τιφαιεῦσίν ἐστι καὶ ἑορτὴν ἄγουσιν ἐπέτειον.
The sentence coordinates ἐστι with ἄγουσιν: a Herakleion belongs to the Tiphaians, and they hold an annual festival. The dative Τιφαιεῦσίν is the possessor/agent with εἰμί; ἐπέτειον modifies ἑορτήν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἡρακλεῖόν | Ἡράκλειον | PROPN | Neut-Nom-Sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστι | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | τε | τε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 1 Ἡρακλεῖόν | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle. |
| 3 | Τιφαιεῦσίν | Τιφαιεύς | PROPN | Dat-Masc-Plur | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἐστι | iobj | high | Dative of possessor with εἰμί; proper ethnic name. |
| 4 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-3S-IA | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 7 ἄγουσιν | cc | high | Coordinates the second predication. |
| 6 | ἑορτὴν | ἑορτή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἄγουσιν | obj | high | |
| 7 | ἄγουσιν | ἄγω | VERB | V-3P-IA | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 ἐστι | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb; subject is understood as Τιφαιεῦσίν. |
| 8 | ἐπέτειον | ἐπέτειος | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἑορτὴν | amod | high | Annual/recurring, modifying ἑορτήν. |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστι | punct | high |
οὗτοι Βοιωτῶν μάλιστα ἐκ παλαιοῦ τὰ θαλάσσια ἐθέλουσιν εἶναι σοφοί, Τῖφυν ἄνδρα μνημονεύοντες ἐπιχώριον ὡς προκριθείη γενέσθαι τῆς Ἀργοῦς κυβερνήτης·
The main clause has ἐθέλουσιν εἶναι σοφοί; the participial phrase μνημονεύοντες introduces a report about Tiphys, with ὡς and an optative-infinitival predicate construction.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὗτοι | οὗτος | PRON | PD-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 8 ἐθέλουσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | Βοιωτῶν | Βοιωτός | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 σοφοί | nmod | high | Partitive genitive with σοφοί. |
| 3 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | ADV-SUP | Degree=Sup | 10 σοφοί | advmod | high | |
| 4 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | P-G | _ | 5 παλαιοῦ | case | high | |
| 5 | παλαιοῦ | παλαιός | ADJ | A-GSN | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἐθέλουσιν | obl | medium | Substantivized temporal genitive: from ancient times. |
| 6 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 θαλάσσια | det | high | |
| 7 | θαλάσσια | θαλάσσιος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Accusative subject/predicative complement of εἶναι. |
| 8 | ἐθέλουσιν | ἐθέλω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 ἐθέλουσιν | xcomp | high | |
| 10 | σοφοί | σοφός | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἐθέλουσιν | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with οὗτοι understood as subject. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐθέλουσιν | punct | high | |
| 12 | Τῖφυν | Τῖφυς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 μνημονεύοντες | obj | high | Object of μνημονεύοντες. |
| 13 | ἄνδρα | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Τῖφυν | appos | high | Apposition to the personal name. |
| 14 | μνημονεύοντες | μνημονεύω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 ἐθέλουσιν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle with subject οὗτοι. |
| 15 | ἐπιχώριον | ἐπιχώριος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἄνδρα | amod | high | |
| 16 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 προκριθείη | mark | high | Introduces the reported/circumstantial infinitival construction. |
| 17 | προκριθείη | προκρίνω | VERB | V-AOP-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 14 μνημονεύοντες | ccomp | medium | Optative in indirect discourse under μνημονεύοντες; understood subject Τῖφυς. |
| 18 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2AON | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 17 προκριθείη | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive: become. |
| 19 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 20 Ἀργοῦς | det | high | |
| 20 | Ἀργοῦς | Ἀργώ | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 κυβερνήτης | nmod | high | |
| 21 | κυβερνήτης | κυβερνήτης | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 γενέσθαι | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative with γενέσθαι; nominative retained in the infinitive. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐθέλουσιν | punct | high |
ἀποφαίνουσι δὲ καὶ πρὸ τῆς πόλεως ἔνθα ἐκ Κόλχων ὀπίσω κομιζομένην ὁρμίσασθαι τὴν Ἀργὼ λέγουσιν.
The main predicate ἀποφαίνουσι has coordinated/continuative δὲ καὶ; λέγουσιν introduces an accusative-and-infinitive report, with τὴν Ἀργώ as infinitival subject and ὁρμίσασθαι as the infinitive. κομιζομένην is a participial modifier of Ἀργώ, while ἔνθα marks the place at which the ship moored; πρὸ τῆς πόλεως is a prepositional location phrase. The relation of ἔνθα to the infinitival clause is syntactically somewhat compressed; annotated as an adverbial modifier of ὁρμίσασθαι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀποφαίνουσι | ἀποφαίνω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 λέγουσιν | conj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 ἀποφαίνουσι | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 ἀποφαίνουσι | cc | high | Continuative καί. |
| 4 | πρὸ | πρό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 πόλεως | case | high | |
| 5 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S--GF-S-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 πόλεως | det | high | |
| 6 | πόλεως | πόλις | NOUN | N-SGF--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἔνθα | obl | high | Location phrase πρὸ τῆς πόλεως. |
| 7 | ἔνθα | ἔνθα | ADV | D-------- | PronType=Rel | 12 ὁρμίσασθαι | advmod | medium | Relative/place adverb, approximately ‘where’; attachment to the infinitive is somewhat compressed. |
| 8 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 Κόλχων | case | high | |
| 9 | Κόλχων | Κόλχος | PROPN | N-PGM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 κομιζομένην | obl | high | Source complement of κομιζομένην. |
| 10 | ὀπίσω | ὀπίσω | ADV | D-------- | _ | 11 κομιζομένην | advmod | high | |
| 11 | κομιζομένην | κομίζω | VERB | V-PPM-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 14 Ἀργὼ | acl | medium | Present middle/passive participle; passive sense ‘being conveyed/brought back’ is contextually likely. |
| 12 | ὁρμίσασθαι | ὁρμίζω | VERB | V-APM---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 15 λέγουσιν | xcomp | high | Infinitive in accusative-and-infinitive construction. |
| 13 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S--AFS--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 Ἀργὼ | det | high | |
| 14 | Ἀργὼ | Ἀργώ | PROPN | N-SAF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ὁρμίσασθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 15 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Reporting predicate governing the infinitival clause. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 λέγουσιν | punct | high |