Grammar parses for passage 9.32.6
Open translation for this passage
Λύσανδρον δὲ τὰ μὲν ἐς τὰ μάλιστα ἐπαινέσαι, τὰ δὲ καὶ πικρῶς ἔστι μέμψασθαι.
Coordination is expressed by the μέν...δέ contrast between two infinitival predications; the accusative Λύσανδρον is best taken as the shared object/topic of both.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λύσανδρον | Λύσανδρος | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐπαινέσαι | obj | high | Accusative subject/topic of the infinitival clause with ἐπαινέσαι and μέμψασθαι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 8 ἐπαινέσαι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 ἐπαινέσαι | obj | medium | Correlates with the first infinitive; ellipsis of a governing/understood head possible. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 3 τὰ | discourse | high | First member of μέν...δέ pair. |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 7 μάλιστα | case | high | Preposition governing τὰ μάλιστα. |
| 6 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 μάλιστα | det | high | Substantivized with μάλιστα. |
| 7 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | _ | _ | 5 ἐς | obl | medium | Used substantively with preposition ἐς to express 'to the greatest degree'. |
| 8 | ἐπαινέσαι | ἐπαινέω | VERB | AorActInf | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | First infinitival predication; governs Λύσανδρον as its accusative argument. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐπαινέσαι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 10 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 μέμψασθαι | obj | high | Object of μέμψασθαι. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 15 μέμψασθαι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | PART | _ | _ | 13 πικρῶς | advmod | high | Adds emphasis to the adverb πικρῶς. |
| 13 | πικρῶς | πικρῶς | ADV | _ | _ | 15 μέμψασθαι | advmod | high | Adverbial modifier of the infinitive. |
| 14 | ἔστι | εἰμί | AUX | PresActInd3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 15 μέμψασθαι | aux | high | Periphrastic/supporting verb with infinitive μέμψασθαι. |
| 15 | μέμψασθαι | μέμφομαι | VERB | AorMidInf | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second infinitival predication; the finite ἔστι is auxiliary-like. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 μέμψασθαι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
σοφίαν μέν γε τοιαύτην ἐπεδείξατο· ἡγούμενος Πελοποννησίων ταῖς τριήρεσιν Ἀντίοχον κυβερνήτην ὄντα Ἀλκιβιάδου, φυλάξας Ἀλκιβιάδην ἀπόντα τοῦ ναυτικοῦ,
Two circumstantial participles depend on the finite verb; ἡγούμενος has an object/complement participial construction with ὄντα, while φυλάξας introduces a second circumstantial participial clause with its own object.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | σοφίαν | σοφία | NOUN | N-SF-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐπεδείξατο | obj | high | Direct object of ἐπεδείξατο. |
| 2 | μέν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 5 ἐπεδείξατο | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | γε | γε | PART | G-------- | _ | 5 ἐπεδείξατο | discourse | high | Enclitic particle. |
| 4 | τοιαύτην | τοιοῦτος | ADJ | A-ASF-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 σοφίαν | amod | high | Attributive modifier of σοφίαν. |
| 5 | ἐπεδείξατο | ἐπιδείκνυμι | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 6 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐπεδείξατο | punct | high | Middle punctuation. |
| 7 | ἡγούμενος | ἡγέομαι | VERB | V-PMP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 5 ἐπεδείξατο | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying the main verb. |
| 8 | Πελοποννησίων | Πελοποννήσιος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 τριήρεσιν | amod | high | Genitive adjective used substantively, modifying τριήρεσιν. |
| 9 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | L-PFD | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 τριήρεσιν | det | high | Article with τριήρεσιν. |
| 10 | τριήρεσιν | τριήρης | NOUN | N-PFD | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 ἡγούμενος | obl | high | Dative dependent of ἡγούμενος; likely with implicit relation of command over ships. |
| 11 | Ἀντίοχον | Ἀντίοχος | PROPN | N-SM-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 κυβερνήτην | nsubj | high | Subject of the participle ὄντα. |
| 12 | κυβερνήτην | κυβερνήτης | NOUN | N-SM-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ὄντα | xcomp | medium | Predicative complement with ὄντα. |
| 13 | ὄντα | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 ἡγούμενος | advcl | high | Participial clause dependent on ἡγούμενος. |
| 14 | Ἀλκιβιάδου | Ἀλκιβιάδης | PROPN | N-SM-G | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 κυβερνήτην | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on κυβερνήτην. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐπεδείξατο | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 16 | φυλάξας | φυλάσσω | VERB | V-AAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 ἐπεδείξατο | advcl | high | Second circumstantial participle modifying the main verb. |
| 17 | Ἀλκιβιάδην | Ἀλκιβιάδης | PROPN | N-SM-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 φυλάξας | obj | high | Object of φυλάξας. |
| 18 | ἀπόντα | ἄπειμι | ADJ | A-ASM-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 Ἀλκιβιάδην | amod | medium | Participial adjective modifying Ἀλκιβιάδην. |
| 19 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-GSM | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 20 ναυτικοῦ | det | high | Article with ναυτικοῦ. |
| 20 | ναυτικοῦ | ναυτικός | ADJ | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἀπόντα | obl | medium | Genitive phrase depending on ἀπόντα; sense likely 'from the fleet'. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐπεδείξατο | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
τηνικαῦτα τὸν Ἀντίοχον ἐπηγάγετο ἐς ἐλπίδα ὡς ὄντα ἀξιόμαχον ναυμαχῆσαι Λακεδαιμονίοις, καὶ ἀναγαγόμενον ὑπὸ θράσους τε καὶ ἀλαζονίας ἐνίκησεν αὐτὸν οὐ πόρρω τοῦ Κολοφωνίων ἄστεως.
The syntax is centered on δύο coordinated main verbs (ἐπηγάγετο, ἐνίκησεν), with participial phrases giving circumstances and an ὡς-clause expressing reported evaluation.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τηνικαῦτα | τηνικαῦτα | ADV | _ | _ | 4 ἐπηγάγετο | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 2 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 Ἀντίοχον | det | high | Article modifying Ἀντίοχον. |
| 3 | Ἀντίοχον | Ἀντίοχος | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐπηγάγετο | obj | high | Direct object of ἐπηγάγετο. |
| 4 | ἐπηγάγετο | ἐπαγάγω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 6 ἐλπίδα | case | high | Preposition governing ἐλπίδα. |
| 6 | ἐλπίδα | ἐλπίς | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐπηγάγετο | obl | high | Goal/result phrase with ἐς. |
| 7 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 8 ὄντα | mark | high | Introduces indirect statement/clausal content. |
| 8 | ὄντα | εἰμί | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 ἐπηγάγετο | advcl | high | Participial clause dependent on ἐπηγάγετο. |
| 9 | ἀξιόμαχον | ἀξιόμαχος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ὄντα | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective with ὄντα. |
| 10 | ναυμαχῆσαι | ναυμαχέω | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 8 ὄντα | xcomp | high | Complement of ὄντα / content of being able to fight at sea. |
| 11 | Λακεδαιμονίοις | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ναυμαχῆσαι | obl | medium | Dative of opponent/advantage with ναυμαχῆσαι. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐπηγάγετο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 20 ἐνίκησεν | cc | high | Coordinates second finite verb with first clause. |
| 14 | ἀναγαγόμενον | ἀνάγω | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 20 ἐνίκησεν | advcl | high | Participial clause modifying αὐτόν/Antiochus. |
| 15 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | _ | _ | 16 θράσους | case | high | Preposition. |
| 16 | θράσους | θράσος | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἀναγαγόμενον | obl | high | Agent/cause phrase with ὑπό. |
| 17 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 16 θράσους | advmod | medium | Enclitic coordinating particle, paired with καὶ. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 19 ἀλαζονίας | cc | high | Coordinates ἀλαζονίας with θράσους. |
| 19 | ἀλαζονίας | ἀλαζονία | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 θράσους | conj | high | Second genitive coordinated with θράσους. |
| 20 | ἐνίκησεν | νικάω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 4 ἐπηγάγετο | conj | high | Second main verb coordinated with ἐπηγάγετο. |
| 21 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 20 ἐνίκησεν | obj | high | Object of ἐνίκησεν. |
| 22 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 23 πόρρω | advmod | high | Negating πόρρω. |
| 23 | πόρρω | πόρρω | ADV | _ | _ | 20 ἐνίκησεν | advmod | high | Adverbial modifier of ἐνίκησεν. |
| 24 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 26 ἄστεως | det | high | Article modifying ἄστεως. |
| 25 | Κολοφωνίων | Κολοφώνιος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 26 ἄστεως | nmod | high | Attributive genitive modifying ἄστεως. |
| 26 | ἄστεως | ἄστυ | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 ἐνίκησεν | obl | high | Genitive with πόρρω. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐπηγάγετο | punct | high | Punctuation. |