Grammar parses for passage 9.33.4
Open translation for this passage
ἔστι δὲ ἐν τῇ Ἁλιαρτίᾳ ποταμὸς Λόφις.
Existential εἰμί takes ποταμός as its nominative predicative complement; Λόφις is an agreeing name in apposition/specification. ἐν governs the dative place phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 ποταμὸς | cop | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔστι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Ἁλιαρτίᾳ | case | high | |
| 4 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 Ἁλιαρτίᾳ | det | high | |
| 5 | Ἁλιαρτίᾳ | Ἁλιαρτία | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | obl | medium | Place-name; dative singular governed by ἐν. |
| 6 | ποταμὸς | ποταμός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential nominative and semantic subject. |
| 7 | Λόφις | Λόφις | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ποταμὸς | appos | medium | Proper name in apposition to ποταμός. |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ποταμὸς | punct | high |
λέγεται δὲ τῆς χώρας αὐχμηρᾶς οὔσης τὸ ἐξ ἀρχῆς καὶ ὕδατος οὐκ ὄντος ἐν αὐτῇ ἄνδρα τῶν δυναστευόντων ἐλθόντα ἐς Δελφοὺς ἐπερέσθαι τρόπον ὅντινα ὕδωρ εὑρήσουσιν ἐν τῇ γῇ·
Impersonal λέγεται governs an accusative-and-infinitive report; the opening has coordinated genitive absolutes, while τρόπον ὅντινα introduces the embedded question.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λέγεται | λέγω | VERB | V-PIE-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal passive λέγεται introduces reported infinitival construction. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 λέγεται | cc | high | |
| 3 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 χώρας | det | high | |
| 4 | χώρας | χώρα | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 οὔσης | nsubj | medium | Genitive subject of genitive absolute with οὔσης. |
| 5 | αὐχμηρᾶς | αὐχμηρός | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 χώρας | amod | high | |
| 6 | οὔσης | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAP-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 λέγεται | advcl | high | Genitive absolute. |
| 7 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἀρχῆς | det | high | |
| 8 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 ἀρχῆς | case | high | |
| 9 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ὄντος | obl | high | Temporal/source phrase τὸ ἐξ ἀρχῆς. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 ὄντος | cc | high | |
| 11 | ὕδατος | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ὄντος | nsubj | medium | Genitive subject in coordinated genitive absolute. |
| 12 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 13 ὄντος | advmod | high | |
| 13 | ὄντος | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAP-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 16 ἄνδρα | advcl | medium | Second genitive absolute, coordinated with the first. |
| 14 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 15 αὐτῇ | case | high | |
| 15 | αὐτῇ | αὐτός | PRON | P-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 13 ὄντος | obl | high | Refers to χώρα. |
| 16 | ἄνδρα | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἐπερέσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of indirect discourse. |
| 17 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GMP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 δυναστευόντων | det | high | |
| 18 | δυναστευόντων | δυναστεύω | VERB | V-PAP-GMP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 16 ἄνδρα | nmod | high | Partitive/group genitive modifying ἄνδρα. |
| 19 | ἐλθόντα | ἔρχομαι | VERB | V-AAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 22 ἐπερέσθαι | advcl | high | Accusative participle agreeing with ἄνδρα. |
| 20 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 21 Δελφοὺς | case | high | |
| 21 | Δελφοὺς | Δελφοί | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἐλθόντα | obl | high | |
| 22 | ἐπερέσθαι | ἐπέρχομαι | VERB | V-2AON | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 1 λέγεται | ccomp | high | Aorist middle infinitive in reported speech. |
| 23 | τρόπον | τρόπος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 ὅντινα | obl | medium | Adverbial accusative, τρόπον ὅντινα 'in what way/how'. |
| 24 | ὅντινα | ὅστις | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 25 ὕδωρ | det | medium | Relative determiner agreeing with τρόπον; introduces embedded question. |
| 25 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 26 εὑρήσουσιν | obj | high | Accusative object of εὑρήσουσιν. |
| 26 | εὑρήσουσιν | εὑρίσκω | VERB | V-FAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 22 ἐπερέσθαι | ccomp | high | Embedded question, with future indicative. |
| 27 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 29 γῇ | case | high | |
| 28 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 γῇ | det | high | |
| 29 | γῇ | γῆ | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 εὑρήσουσιν | obl | high | |
| 30 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 λέγεται | punct | high |
τὴν δὲ Πυθίαν προστάσσειν, ὃς ἂν ἐπανήκοντι ἐς Ἁλίαρτον ἐντύχῃ οἱ πρὸ τῶν ἄλλων, τούτου δεῖν φονέα γενέσθαι αὐτόν.
Accusative-and-infinitive construction: τὴν Πυθίαν is the accusative subject of προστάσσειν, with an understood higher governing verb; ὃς ἂν ... ἐντύχῃ is a relative condition, and τούτου is the genitive object/possessive complement of φονέα γενέσθαι. The form οἱ is taken as dative singular pronoun referring to ἐπανήκοντι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 Πυθίαν | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 4 προστάσσειν | cc | high | |
| 3 | Πυθίαν | Πυθία | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 προστάσσειν | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 4 | προστάσσειν | προστάσσω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Infinitive in an accusative-and-infinitive construction; higher governing verb is omitted from the excerpt. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 προστάσσειν | punct | high | |
| 6 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | R-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἐντύχῃ | nsubj | high | Relative subject of ἐντύχῃ. |
| 7 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | X | _ | 11 ἐντύχῃ | advmod | high | Modal particle marking the eventual/conditional relative clause. |
| 8 | ἐπανήκοντι | ἐπανήκω | VERB | V-PAP-D-SM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 ἐντύχῃ | advcl | medium | Dative participle, likely agreeing with the dative pronoun οἱ and temporal/circumstantial. |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 10 Ἁλίαρτον | case | high | |
| 10 | Ἁλίαρτον | Ἁλίαρτος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐπανήκοντι | obl | high | |
| 11 | ἐντύχῃ | ἐντυγχάνω | VERB | V-AAS-3S | Mood=Sub|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 4 προστάσσειν | ccomp | medium | Subordinate relative verb; structurally embedded under the infinitival command. |
| 12 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P-D-S3M | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 11 ἐντύχῃ | iobj | low | Likely dative singular pronoun; spelling is ambiguous with article forms. |
| 13 | πρὸ | πρό | ADP | P | _ | 15 ἄλλων | case | high | |
| 14 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἄλλων | det | high | |
| 15 | ἄλλων | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἐντύχῃ | obl | high | Substantivized adjective: 'the others'. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐντύχῃ | punct | high | |
| 17 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | D-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 φονέα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on φονέα, indicating the person of whom he is to become slayer. |
| 18 | δεῖν | δέω | VERB | V-PAN-3S | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 προστάσσειν | xcomp | high | Infinitive dependent on προστάσσειν, expressing the commanded result/content. |
| 19 | φονέα | φονεύς | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 γενέσθαι | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative with γενέσθαι. |
| 20 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-AON-3S | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 18 δεῖν | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive governed by δεῖν. |
| 21 | αὐτόν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM3S | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 20 γενέσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of γενέσθαι. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 προστάσσειν | punct | high |
ἐντυχεῖν τε δὴ αὐτῷ παραγενομένῳ τὸν υἱὸν Λόφιν
The infinitive is syntactically dependent on preceding context; within this fragment, αὐτῷ is its dative complement and τὸν υἱὸν Λόφιν its accusative object.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐντυχεῖν | ἐντυγχάνω | VERB | V- Aor Act Inf | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist active infinitive; exact higher-level attachment depends on preceding context. |
| 2 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἐντυχεῖν | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | PART | _ | 1 ἐντυχεῖν | advmod | high | Emphatic/discourse particle. |
| 4 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-Dat-Sg-Mas | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 1 ἐντυχεῖν | iobj | medium | Dative complement of ἐντυχεῖν, ‘meet/encounter him’; may be analyzed as an oblique complement. |
| 5 | παραγενομένῳ | παραγίγνομαι | VERB | V-Aor Mid/Ptcp-Dat-Sg-Mas | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 4 αὐτῷ | acl | medium | Aorist middle participle agreeing with αὐτῷ; circumstantial or attributive force. |
| 6 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | Art-Acc-Sg-Mas | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 υἱὸν | det | high | Article with υἱόν. |
| 7 | υἱὸν | υἱός | NOUN | N-Acc-Sg-Mas | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἐντυχεῖν | obj | high | Accusative object of ἐντυχεῖν. |
| 8 | Λόφιν | Λόφις | PROPN | N-Acc-Sg-Mas | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|NameType=Prs|Number=Sing | 7 υἱὸν | appos | high | Personal name in apposition to υἱόν. |
καὶ τὸν οὐ μελλήσαντα τῷ ξίφει τὸν νεανίσκον παῖσαι·
The phrase is an infinitival construction centered on παῖσαι; μελλήσαντα is an accusative participle agreeing with τὸν νεανίσκον, though its attachment is somewhat context-dependent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 9 παῖσαι | cc | high | |
| 2 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 μελλήσαντα | det | high | |
| 3 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 4 μελλήσαντα | advmod | high | |
| 4 | μελλήσαντα | μέλλω | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 παῖσαι | xcomp | medium | Aorist participle, functioning in an accusative infinitival construction. |
| 5 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ξίφει | det | high | |
| 6 | ξίφει | ξίφος | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 παῖσαι | obl | high | Instrumental dative. |
| 7 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 νεανίσκον | det | high | |
| 8 | νεανίσκον | νεανίσκος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 παῖσαι | obj | high | Accusative object of παῖσαι. |
| 9 | παῖσαι | παίω | VERB | _ | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Aorist infinitive; broader sentence context may supply its governing verb. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 παῖσαι | punct | high |
καὶ τὸν μὲν ἔτι ἔμπνουν περιθεῖν, ὅπου δὲ ῥυῆναι τὸ αἷμα, ὕδωρ ἐντεῦθεν ἀνεῖναι τὴν γῆν.
Infinitival coordination/asyndetic continuation: περιθεῖν and ἀνεῖναι share an implicit governing verb; τὸν ἔμπνουν is the object of περιθεῖν, while τὸ αἷμα is the subject of passive ῥυῆναι in the ὅπου clause. The final ὕδωρ is the object of ἀνεῖναι, with τὴν γῆν as its accusative subject/object-of-release construction; attachment of ὅπου is interpreted locally with ῥυῆναι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | Polarity=Pos | 6 περιθεῖν | cc | high | |
| 2 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T--ASM | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ἔμπνουν | det | high | |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Part | _ | 6 περιθεῖν | discourse | high | Correlative particle; counterpart is not overtly expressed. |
| 4 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | Adv | _ | 5 ἔμπνουν | advmod | high | |
| 5 | ἔμπνουν | ἔμπνους | ADJ | A--ASM | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 περιθεῖν | obj | high | Predicative adjective agreeing with τὸν. |
| 6 | περιθεῖν | περιτίθημι | VERB | V--AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Infinitive in an implied larger construction; exact governing predicate is outside the supplied sentence. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 περιθεῖν | punct | high | |
| 8 | ὅπου | ὅπου | SCONJ | Adv | _ | 10 ῥυῆναι | mark | medium | Locative relative/subordinating adverb introducing the clause. |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 10 ῥυῆναι | cc | high | |
| 10 | ῥυῆναι | ῥέω | VERB | V--APN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 6 περιθεῖν | advcl | medium | Aorist passive infinitive; clause-level attachment is approximate. |
| 11 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T--NSN | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 αἷμα | det | high | |
| 12 | αἷμα | αἷμα | NOUN | N--NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ῥυῆναι | nsubj | high | Accusative-and-infinitive syntax would be possible in context, but the form is nominative neuter singular; treated as nominative subject of passive ῥυῆναι. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ῥυῆναι | punct | high | |
| 14 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N--ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ἀνεῖναι | obj | medium | Accusative object of ἀνεῖναι; a subject/object ambiguity is possible in the compressed infinitival syntax. |
| 15 | ἐντεῦθεν | ἐντεῦθεν | ADV | Adv | _ | 16 ἀνεῖναι | advmod | high | |
| 16 | ἀνεῖναι | ἀνίημι | VERB | V--AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 6 περιθεῖν | conj | medium | Coordinated infinitive, with καί understood or omitted in the compressed construction. |
| 17 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T--ASF | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 γῆν | det | high | |
| 18 | γῆν | γῆ | NOUN | N--ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἀνεῖναι | obj | medium | Accusative associated with the infinitive; exact semantic role in the compressed phrase is uncertain. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 περιθεῖν | punct | high |
ἐπὶ τούτῳ μὲν ὁ ποταμὸς καλεῖται Λόφις·
The prepositional phrase ἐπὶ τούτῳ is an oblique modifier of καλεῖται; Λόφις is the predicate name in the passive naming construction.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 2 τούτῳ | case | high | |
| 2 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | PRON | PD----DSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 6 καλεῖται | obl | high | Dative demonstrative governed by ἐπί; temporal or circumstantial value. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | -------- | _ | 6 καλεῖται | discourse | high | Correlative particle, with δέ understood or supplied by context. |
| 4 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | DA----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ποταμὸς | det | high | |
| 5 | ποταμὸς | ποταμός | NOUN | N--------S- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 καλεῖται | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | καλεῖται | καλέω | VERB | V3SPI ככל | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Passive ‘is called/named’; the river is the subject. |
| 7 | Λόφις | Λόφις | PROPN | N--------S- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 καλεῖται | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative/name complement of passive καλεῖται. |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 καλεῖται | punct | high |