Grammar parses for passage 9.35.1
Open translation for this passage
τὸν δὲ Ἐτεοκλέα λέγουσιν οἱ Βοιωτοὶ Χάρισιν ἀνθρώπων θῦσαι πρῶτον.
Accusative-and-infinitive construction: λέγουσιν takes τὸν Ἐτεοκλέα as accusative subject and θῦσαι as infinitive; Χάρισιν is dative object of sacrifice, while ἀνθρώπων is a genitive dependent on Χάρισιν (‘of/among humans’).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA-AS-M-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 Ἐτεοκλέα | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 λέγουσιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἐτεοκλέα | Ἐτεοκλῆς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 λέγουσιν | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 4 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 Βοιωτοὶ | det | high | |
| 6 | Βοιωτοὶ | Βοιωτός | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 λέγουσιν | nsubj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 7 | Χάρισιν | Χάρις | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 θῦσαι | iobj | medium | Dative recipient/beneficiary of θῦσαι; the form is compatible with Χάρισι(n). |
| 8 | ἀνθρώπων | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 Χάρισιν | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on Χάρισιν, likely partitive or descriptive. |
| 9 | θῦσαι | θύω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 4 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | Infinitive in accusative-and-infinitive construction. |
| 10 | πρῶτον | πρῶτος | ADV | A-ASN | Degree=Pos | 9 θῦσαι | advmod | high | Neuter accusative adverbial use: ‘first’. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 λέγουσιν | punct | high |
καὶ ὅτι μὲν τρεῖς εἶναι Χάριτας κατεστήσατο ἴσασιν, ὀνόματα δὲ οἷα ἔθετο αὐταῖς οὐ μνημονεύουσιν·
The first clause is an embedded ὅτι-content clause with an accusative-and-infinitive construction (τρεῖς Χάριτας εἶναι) dependent on ἴσασιν; the second clause coordinates an elliptical finite clause, with ὀνόματα as object of ἔθετο and οἷα predicative to it. The subject of both κατεστήσατο and ἔθετο is understood from context, probably the relevant founder or poet.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ἴσασιν | cc | high | |
| 2 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ἴσασιν | mark | high | Introduces the content clause. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 8 ἴσασιν | discourse | high | Correlative μέν with following δέ. |
| 4 | τρεῖς | τρεῖς | NUM | ADJ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 6 Χάριτας | nummod | high | |
| 5 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V- -PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 ἴσασιν | ccomp | high | Infinitive in accusative-and-infinitive construction. |
| 6 | Χάριτας | Χάρις | PROPN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of εἶναι. |
| 7 | κατεστήσατο | καθίστημι | VERB | V-3AMS | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 8 ἴσασιν | parataxis | medium | Aorist middle; subject is unexpressed and context-dependent. |
| 8 | ἴσασιν | οἶδα | VERB | V-3PAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect-form verb with present meaning. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἴσασιν | punct | high | |
| 10 | ὀνόματα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἔθετο | obj | high | |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 μνημονεύουσιν | cc | high | Correlative with preceding μέν. |
| 12 | οἷα | οἷος | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ὀνόματα | amod | medium | Predicative adjective agreeing with ὀνόματα; can also be read as introducing an adjectival relative-like clause. |
| 13 | ἔθετο | τίθημι | VERB | V-3AMI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 16 μνημονεύουσιν | parataxis | medium | Unexpressed subject; οἷα ὀνόματα is the naming/predicative complement. |
| 14 | αὐταῖς | αὐτός | PRON | P-3DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 13 ἔθετο | iobj | high | Dative recipient/reference with ἔθετο. |
| 15 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 16 μνημονεύουσιν | advmod | high | |
| 16 | μνημονεύουσιν | μνημονεύω | VERB | V-3PAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 ἴσασιν | conj | high | Coordinates with ἴσασιν; object/content is the names clause. |
| 17 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἴσασιν | punct | high |
ἐπεὶ Λακεδαιμόνιοί γε εἶναι Χάριτας δύο καὶ Λακεδαίμονα ἱδρύσασθαι τὸν Ταϋγέτης φασὶν αὐτὰς καὶ ὀνόματα θέσθαι Κλήταν καὶ Φαένναν.
Indirect statement governed by φασίν: Λακεδαιμόνιοι are the subject of εἶναι and ἱδρύσασθαι/θέσθαι; Χάριτας δύο is the predicate/object complement of εἶναι, while αὐτάς is the object of ἱδρύσασθαι and ὀνόματα the object of θέσθαι. Ταϋγέτης is a proper-name nominative in apposition to the understood subject of ἱδρύσασθαι; the exact case form is morphologically ambiguous.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπεὶ | ἐπεί | SCONJ | C | PronType=Rel | 12 φασὶν | mark | high | Subordinating conjunction introducing the causal/temporal subordinate clause. |
| 2 | Λακεδαιμόνιοί | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Subject of the infinitive εἶναι in indirect statement. |
| 3 | γε | γε | PART | X | _ | 2 Λακεδαιμόνιοί | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 12 φασὶν | ccomp | high | Present active infinitive in indirect statement governed by φασίν. |
| 5 | Χάριτας | Χάρις | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Accusative predicate complement of εἶναι. |
| 6 | δύο | δύο | NUM | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 5 Χάριτας | nummod | high | Cardinal modifier of Χάριτας; gender is feminine by agreement. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 9 ἱδρύσασθαι | cc | high | Coordinates the infinitival predicates. |
| 8 | Λακεδαίμονα | Λακεδαίμων | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἱδρύσασθαι | obj | medium | Accusative object/place name with ἱδρύσασθαι; lexical parsing is somewhat uncertain. |
| 9 | ἱδρύσασθαι | ἱδρύω | VERB | V-AMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 4 εἶναι | conj | high | Coordinated aorist middle infinitive, with understood subject Λακεδαιμόνιοι. |
| 10 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 Ταϋγέτης | det | high | Article associated with the proper name Ταϋγέτης. |
| 11 | Ταϋγέτης | Ταΰγετος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἱδρύσασθαι | nsubj | low | Form is indeclinable/ambiguous in context; interpreted as nominative proper-name subject of ἱδρύσασθαι, with τὸν anomalously preceding it. |
| 12 | φασὶν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite matrix verb. |
| 13 | αὐτὰς | αὐτός | PRON | P-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 9 ἱδρύσασθαι | obj | high | Reflexive/coreferential pronoun, object of ἱδρύσασθαι, referring to the Charites. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 16 θέσθαι | cc | high | Coordinates the infinitival predicates θέσθαι and the preceding ἱδρύσασθαι. |
| 15 | ὀνόματα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 16 θέσθαι | obj | high | Accusative object of θέσθαι. |
| 16 | θέσθαι | τίθημι | VERB | V-AMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 9 ἱδρύσασθαι | conj | high | Aorist middle infinitive coordinated with ἱδρύσασθαι; understood subject is Λακεδαιμόνιοι. |
| 17 | Κλήταν | Κλήτα | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 θέσθαι | xcomp | high | First accusative name assigned as the name of the Charites, dependent on θέσθαι. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 19 Φαένναν | cc | high | Coordinates the two personal names. |
| 19 | Φαένναν | Φαέννα | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 Κλήταν | conj | high | Second accusative name coordinated with Κλήταν. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 φασὶν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |