Grammar parses for passage 9.36.3
Open translation for this passage
τοὺς δὲ Φλεγύας πολέμῳ μάλιστα Ἑλλήνων χαίρειν μαρτυρεῖ μοι καὶ ἔπη τῶν ἐν Ἰλιάδι περὶ Ἄρεως καὶ Φόβου τοῦ Ἄρεως πεποιημένα,
The accusative τοὺς Φλεγύας is the subject of the infinitive χαίρειν; πεποιημένα agrees with ἔπη and is modified by the genitive τῶν ... περὶ Ἄρεως καὶ Φόβου τοῦ Ἄρεως.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 Φλεγύας | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 μαρτυρεῖ | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Φλεγύας | Φλεγύας | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 χαίρειν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 4 | πολέμῳ | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 χαίρειν | obl | high | Dative of sphere or activity. |
| 5 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Sup | 7 χαίρειν | advmod | high | |
| 6 | Ἑλλήνων | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 μάλιστα | obl | medium | Partitive genitive with the superlative. |
| 7 | χαίρειν | χαίρω | VERB | V-PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 8 μαρτυρεῖ | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of μαρτυρεῖ. |
| 8 | μαρτυρεῖ | μαρτυρέω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1DS | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1 | 8 μαρτυρεῖ | iobj | high | |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 ἔπη | cc | high | |
| 11 | ἔπη | ἔπος | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 μαρτυρεῖ | nsubj | high | Subject of μαρτυρεῖ; neuter plural with singular verb. |
| 12 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 ἔπη | det | high | |
| 13 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 14 Ἰλιάδι | case | high | |
| 14 | Ἰλιάδι | Ἰλιάς | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 τῶν | nmod | high | The phrase τῶν ἐν Ἰλιάδι modifies ἔπη. |
| 15 | περὶ | περί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 Ἄρεως | case | high | |
| 16 | Ἄρεως | Ἄρης | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἔπη | nmod | high | First object of περὶ. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 18 Φόβου | cc | high | |
| 18 | Φόβου | Φόβος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 Ἄρεως | conj | high | Second object coordinated with Ἄρεως. |
| 19 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 Ἄρεως | det | high | |
| 20 | Ἄρεως | Ἄρης | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 Φόβου | nmod | high | Possessive genitive, ‘of Ares,’ dependent on Φόβου. |
| 21 | πεποιημένα | ποιέω | VERB | V-RPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 11 ἔπη | acl | high | Perfect passive participle agreeing with ἔπη. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 μαρτυρεῖ | punct | high |
τὼ μὲν ἄρʼ εἰς Ἐφύρους πόλεμον μέτα θωρήσσεσθον ἠὲ μετὰ Φλεγύας μεγαλήτορας· Hom. Il. 13.301-2
Homeric dual construction: τὼ ... θωρήσσεσθον, with εἰς Ἐφύρους and μετὰ Φλεγύας expressing alternative destinations/opponents; μέτα is the postpositive adverb ‘after/then’ or possibly a textual variant, so its attachment is uncertain. Tokens 14–23 are bibliographic citation fragments, not syntactically integrated.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὼ | ὁ | DET | P--NAD | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Dual | 8 θωρήσσεσθον | nsubj | high | Correlative/article form functioning substantivally as the dual subject. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | D-------- | _ | 1 τὼ | discourse | high | |
| 3 | ἄρʼ | ἄρα | PART | D-------- | _ | 8 θωρήσσεσθον | discourse | high | Apocopated/postpositive form. |
| 4 | εἰς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 Ἐφύρους | case | high | |
| 5 | Ἐφύρους | Ἔφυρα | PROPN | Ne----A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 θωρήσσεσθον | obl | medium | Place-name in the plural accusative after εἰς; lemma normalized as the place-name. |
| 6 | πόλεμον | πόλεμος | NOUN | Nb----A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 θωρήσσεσθον | obl | high | Accusative of goal/purpose, ‘to war’. |
| 7 | μέτα | μετά | ADV | D-------- | _ | 8 θωρήσσεσθον | advmod | low | Postpositive Homeric μέτα is difficult here; treated as an adverbial particle, though textual/lexical interpretation is uncertain. |
| 8 | θωρήσσεσθον | θωρήσσω | VERB | V--MNM2D- | Mood=Inf|Number=Dual|Tense=Fut|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Homeric dual future middle infinitive, governed by an understood plural/dual context. |
| 9 | ἠὲ | ἠέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 μετὰ | cc | high | Alternative coordinator, joining the two μετὰ/goal phrases. |
| 10 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 11 Φλεγύας | case | high | With accusative, ‘against/among’. |
| 11 | Φλεγύας | Φλεγύας | PROPN | Ne----A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 θωρήσσεσθον | obl | high | Accusative object of μετὰ. |
| 12 | μεγαλήτορας | μεγαλήτωρ | ADJ | A--PA---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 Φλεγύας | amod | high | Homeric adjective agreeing with Φλεγύας. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | -------- | _ | 8 θωρήσσεσθον | punct | high | |
| 14 | H | H | X | _ | _ | 0 ROOT | dep | low | Citation fragment; not Greek syntax. |
| 15 | o | o | X | _ | _ | 14 H | dep | low | Citation fragment; not Greek syntax. |
| 16 | m | m | X | _ | _ | 14 H | dep | low | Citation fragment; not Greek syntax. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | -------- | _ | 14 H | punct | high | Citation punctuation. |
| 18 | I | I | X | _ | _ | 14 H | dep | low | Citation fragment; not Greek syntax. |
| 19 | l | l | X | _ | _ | 14 H | dep | low | Citation fragment; not Greek syntax. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | -------- | _ | 14 H | punct | high | Citation punctuation. |
| 21 | 13.301 | 13.301 | NUM | _ | NumType=Card | 14 H | dep | low | Citation locator, not a syntactic numeral. |
| 22 | - | - | PUNCT | -------- | _ | 21 13.301 | punct | high | Citation punctuation. |
| 23 | 2 | 2 | NUM | _ | NumType=Card | 21 13.301 | dep | low | Citation locator, not a syntactic numeral. |
Ἐφύρους δὲ ἐνταῦθα ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν τοὺς ἐν τῇ Θεσπρωτίδι ἠπείρῳ λέγει.
Infinitive δοκεῖν governs the accusative subject τοὺς Ἐφύρους and complementary λέγειν (here tokenized as λέγει, likely an anomalous or corrupted form); ἐν τῇ Θεσπρωτίδι ἠπείρῳ is a locative phrase modifying the Ephyri.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἐφύρους | Ἔφυρος | PROPN | N-A-M-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 δοκεῖν | nsubj | medium | Ethnic/name form in accusative plural, functioning as the accusative subject of δοκεῖν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 λέγει | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | ADV | _ | 11 λέγει | advmod | high | Locative adverb. |
| 4 | ἐμοὶ | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1-S-D | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1 | 5 δοκεῖν | iobj | high | Dative experiencer with δοκεῖν. |
| 5 | δοκεῖν | δοκέω | VERB | V-PNA | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 11 λέγει | xcomp | high | Infinitive dependent on λέγει; governs accusative subject Ἐφύρους. |
| 6 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-A-M-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 Ἐφύρους | det | high | |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 9 Θεσπρωτίδι | case | high | |
| 8 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-D-F-S | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 Θεσπρωτίδι | det | high | |
| 9 | Θεσπρωτίδι | Θεσπρωτίς | PROPN | N-D-F-S | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἠπείρῳ | obl | high | Place-name in dative governed by ἐν. |
| 10 | ἠπείρῳ | ἤπειρος | NOUN | N-D-F-S | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 Ἐφύρους | obl | medium | Appositional common noun, ‘mainland/region’, accompanying Θεσπρωτίδι. |
| 11 | λέγει | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | low | As transmitted, finite λέγει is syntactically awkward; expected complementary infinitive λέγειν is possible, so morphology/form may reflect textual or tokenization irregularity. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 λέγει | punct | high |
τὸ μὲν δὴ Φλεγυῶν γένος ἀνέτρεψεν ἐκ βάθρων ὁ θεὸς κεραυνοῖς συνεχέσι καὶ ἰσχυροῖς σεισμοῖς· τοὺς δὲ ὑπολειπομένους νόσος ἐπιπεσοῦσα ἔφθειρε λοιμώδης,
Two coordinated clauses: θεός is the agent of ἀνέτρεψεν, while νόσος is the subject of ἔφθειρε; λοιμώδης is a delayed predicate adjective agreeing with νόσος, and ἐπιπεσοῦσα is a circumstantial participle.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 γένος | det | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X | _ | 6 ἀνέτρεψεν | discourse | high | Correlative μέν; δέ occurs in the following clause. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | X | _ | 6 ἀνέτρεψεν | discourse | high | |
| 4 | Φλεγυῶν | Φλεγύες | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 γένος | nmod | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 5 | γένος | γένος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἀνέτρεψεν | obj | high | |
| 6 | ἀνέτρεψεν | ἀνατρέπω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Aspect=Aor|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R | _ | 8 βάθρων | case | high | |
| 8 | βάθρων | βάθρον | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ἀνέτρεψεν | obl | high | ἐκ βάθρων means 'from the foundations/root and branch'. |
| 9 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 θεὸς | det | high | |
| 10 | θεὸς | θεός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἀνέτρεψεν | nsubj | high | |
| 11 | κεραυνοῖς | κεραυνός | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἀνέτρεψεν | obl | high | Instrumental dative. |
| 12 | συνεχέσι | συνεχής | ADJ | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 κεραυνοῖς | amod | high | |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 15 σεισμοῖς | cc | high | |
| 14 | ἰσχυροῖς | ἰσχυρός | ADJ | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 σεισμοῖς | amod | high | |
| 15 | σεισμοῖς | σεισμός | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἀνέτρεψεν | obl | high | Coordinated with κεραυνοῖς as an instrumental dative. |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἀνέτρεψεν | punct | high | |
| 17 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | RA-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ὑπολειπομένους | det | high | |
| 18 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 22 ἔφθειρε | cc | high | Correlative with μέν in the first clause. |
| 19 | ὑπολειπομένους | ὑπολείπω | VERB | V-PMP-APM | Aspect=Imp|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 22 ἔφθειρε | obj | medium | Substantivized present middle/passive participle, 'those left over'; middle/passive interpretation is morphologically syncretic. |
| 20 | νόσος | νόσος | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἔφθειρε | nsubj | high | |
| 21 | ἐπιπεσοῦσα | ἐπιπίπτω | VERB | V-AAP-NSF | Aspect=Aor|Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 22 ἔφθειρε | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with νόσος. |
| 22 | ἔφθειρε | φθείρω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Aspect=Aor|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 6 ἀνέτρεψεν | conj | high | Coordinated second finite verb. |
| 23 | λοιμώδης | λοιμώδης | ADJ | A-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 νόσος | acl | medium | Delayed predicate adjective, agreeing with νόσος; acl used because no dedicated UD predicate relation is available here. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἔφθειρε | punct | high |
ὀλίγοι δὲ καὶ ἐς τὴν Φωκίδα διαφεύγουσιν ἐξ αὐτῶν.
The subject is the substantivized adjective ὀλίγοι; διαφεύγουσιν is coordinated with the preceding discourse, and ἐξ αὐτῶν is a source/partitive phrase. The coordinated καὶ modifies the prepositional phrase ἐς τὴν Φωκίδα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὀλίγοι | ὀλίγος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 διαφεύγουσιν | nsubj | high | Substantivized masculine plural adjective, ‘a few’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 διαφεύγουσιν | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 ἐς | cc | medium | Coordinates or adds the following directional phrase; scope may be discourse-level. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 διαφεύγουσιν | obl | high | Directional preposition governing accusative. |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S-FAF | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Φωκίδα | det | high | |
| 6 | Φωκίδα | Φωκίς | PROPN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐς | obl | high | Accusative object of ἐς. |
| 7 | διαφεύγουσιν | διαφεύγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 αὐτῶν | case | high | Allomorph of ἐκ before a vowel. |
| 9 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 7 διαφεύγουσιν | obl | high | Genitive source phrase, ‘from among them’; gender is contextually masculine or mixed. |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 διαφεύγουσιν | punct | high |