Grammar parses for passage 9.37.1
Open translation for this passage
ἔδει δὲ ἄρα παυσθῆναι καὶ τὸ Ἄλμου γένος· οὐχ ὑπολείπεται γὰρ παῖδα Ὀρχομενός, καὶ οὕτως ἐς Κλύμενον τὸν Πρέσβωνος τοῦ Φρίξου περιῆλθεν ἡ ἀρχή.
ἔδει is impersonal and governs the articular infinitive παυσθῆναι; παῖδα is the accusative subject of ὑπολείπεται with an omitted or reconstructed complement/name, while Ὀρχομενός is appositional or nominative by textual irregularity. In the final clause, ἡ ἀρχή is the subject of περιῆλθεν and Κλύμενον is the accusative goal/person to whom rule passed.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔδει | δεῖ | VERB | V3SIAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 4 παυσθῆναι | aux | high | Impersonal imperfect governing the infinitive. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 1 ἔδει | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἄρα | ἄρα | PART | X | _ | 1 ἔδει | discourse | medium | Inferential particle. |
| 4 | παυσθῆναι | παύω | VERB | VNAP | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Articular infinitive complement of impersonal δεῖ; τὸ γένος is its understood subject. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 4 παυσθῆναι | cc | high | Coordinates the infinitival clause with the following independent clause. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-SNA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 γένος | det | high | |
| 7 | Ἄλμου | Ἄλμος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 γένος | nmod | high | Genitive personal name modifying γένος. |
| 8 | γένος | γένος | NOUN | N-SNN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 παυσθῆναι | nsubj | high | Subject of the passive infinitive. |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔδει | punct | high | |
| 10 | οὐχ | οὐ | PART | D | _ | 11 ὑπολείπεται | advmod | high | Negative particle before the verb. |
| 11 | ὑπολείπεται | ὑπολείπω | VERB | V3SPI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Passive/intransitive ‘is left behind’; subject is παῖδα, with anomalous case. |
| 12 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | C | _ | 11 ὑπολείπεται | cc | high | Explanatory conjunction. |
| 13 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | N-SMA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ὑπολείπεται | nsubj | low | Accusative is unexpected with finite passive ὑπολείπεται; likely textual/syntactic irregularity or accusative retained from an underlying construction. |
| 14 | Ὀρχομενός | Ὀρχομενός | PROPN | N-SMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 παῖδα | appos | low | Nominative form is discordant with παῖδα; probably appositional name, but the transmitted syntax is irregular. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ὑπολείπεται | punct | high | |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 24 περιῆλθεν | cc | high | Coordinates the following clause. |
| 17 | οὕτως | οὕτως | ADV | D | _ | 24 περιῆλθεν | advmod | high | Adverbial connective, ‘thus’. |
| 18 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 19 Κλύμενον | case | high | Preposition governing the accusative. |
| 19 | Κλύμενον | Κλύμενος | PROPN | N-SMA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 περιῆλθεν | obl | high | Accusative goal/person after εἰς. |
| 20 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-SMA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 Κλύμενον | det | high | |
| 21 | Πρέσβωνος | Πρέσβων | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 Κλύμενον | nmod | high | Patronymic/genitive modifier of Κλύμενον. |
| 22 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 Φρίξου | det | high | |
| 23 | Φρίξου | Φρίξος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 Πρέσβωνος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on Πρέσβωνος. |
| 24 | περιῆλθεν | περιέρχομαι | VERB | V3SAAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the final clause. |
| 25 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-SFN | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 ἀρχή | det | high | |
| 26 | ἀρχή | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-SFN | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 περιῆλθεν | nsubj | high | Subject of περιῆλθεν. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 περιῆλθεν | punct | high |
Κλυμένου δὲ γίνονται παῖδες, πρεσβύτατος μὲν Ἐργῖνος, ἐπὶ δὲ αὐτῷ Στράτιος καὶ Ἄρρων καὶ Πύλεος, νεώτατος δὲ Ἀζεύς.
Genitive absolute Κλυμένου δὲ introduces the parentage statement; γίνονται is existential/predicative, with παῖδες as subject. The following appositional clauses enumerate the sons by age; ἐπὶ αὐτῷ means ‘next after him’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Κλυμένου | Κλύμενος | PROPN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 γίνονται | nmod | high | Genitive absolute with γίνονται; masculine singular proper name. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 3 γίνονται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | γίνονται | γίγνομαι | VERB | V3PPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Present middle/passive form, here ‘are born/there are’. |
| 4 | παῖδες | παῖς | NOUN | N--NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 γίνονται | nsubj | high | Subject of γίνονται. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 γίνονται | punct | high | |
| 6 | πρεσβύτατος | πρέσβυς | ADJ | A--NSM-S | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Ἐργῖνος | amod | high | Superlative adjective, predicative/appositional with Ἐργῖνος. |
| 7 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 6 πρεσβύτατος | discourse | high | Correlative particle introducing the first member of the enumeration. |
| 8 | Ἐργῖνος | Ἐργῖνος | PROPN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 παῖδες | appos | high | First son, appositional to παῖδες. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 Ἐργῖνος | punct | high | |
| 10 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 Στράτιος | case | high | Preposition governing dative αὐτῷ. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 Στράτιος | cc | high | Connective in the enumeration. |
| 12 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P--DSM--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 13 Στράτιος | obl | high | Dative complement of ἐπί, referring to Ἐργῖνος. |
| 13 | Στράτιος | Στράτιος | PROPN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 παῖδες | appos | high | Second son, coordinated implicitly with the following names. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 Ἄρρων | cc | high | Coordinates the personal names. |
| 15 | Ἄρρων | Ἄρρων | PROPN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 Στράτιος | conj | high | Coordinated son’s name. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 Πύλεος | cc | high | Coordinates the final name. |
| 17 | Πύλεος | Πύλεος | PROPN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 Στράτιος | conj | high | Coordinated son’s name. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 Στράτιος | punct | high | |
| 19 | νεώτατος | νέος | ADJ | A--NSM-S | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 Ἀζεύς | amod | high | Superlative adjective, predicative/appositional with Ἀζεύς. |
| 20 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 19 νεώτατος | cc | high | Correlative particle contrasting the youngest. |
| 21 | Ἀζεύς | Ἀζεύς | PROPN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 παῖδες | appos | high | Youngest son, appositional to παῖδες. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 γίνονται | punct | high |
Κλύμενον μὲν ἐν τῇ ἑορτῇ τοῦ Ὀγχηστίου Ποσειδῶνος Θηβαίων φονεύουσιν ἄνδρες ἐξ ἀφορμῆς μικρᾶς ἐς ἅπαν θυμοῦ προαχθέντες·
Κλύμενον is the accusative object of φονεύουσιν; Θηβαίων is a genitive of the killers’ origin/association, while προαχθέντες modifies ἄνδρες and ἐξ ἀφορμῆς μικρᾶς ἐς ἅπαν θυμοῦ expresses escalation from a small provocation into complete rage. The exact scope of μὲν is uncertain because the balancing clause is outside this sentence.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Κλύμενον | Κλύμενος | PROPN | N--ASM-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 φονεύουσιν | obj | high | Personal name, accusative singular masculine. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Df | _ | 10 φονεύουσιν | discourse | high | Postpositive particle; contrastive scope may continue beyond the sentence. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | S---DS- | _ | 5 ἑορτῇ | case | high | Preposition governing the dative. |
| 4 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἑορτῇ | det | high | Article agreeing with ἑορτῇ. |
| 5 | ἑορτῇ | ἑορτή | NOUN | N--DSF-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 φονεύουσιν | obl | high | Dative governed by ἐν, temporal/circumstantial adjunct. |
| 6 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Ποσειδῶνος | det | high | Article agreeing with Ποσειδῶνος. |
| 7 | Ὀγχηστίου | Ὀγχήστιος | PROPN | A--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Ποσειδῶνος | amod | high | Toponymic adjective modifying Ποσειδῶνος. |
| 8 | Ποσειδῶνος | Ποσειδῶν | PROPN | N--GSM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἑορτῇ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἑορτῇ: festival of Poseidon. |
| 9 | Θηβαίων | Θηβαῖος | PROPN | A--GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἄνδρες | nmod | medium | Substantivized ethnic adjective, genitive plural; likely identifies the men as Thebans. |
| 10 | φονεύουσιν | φονεύω | VERB | V-PAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main verb. |
| 11 | ἄνδρες | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-NPN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 φονεύουσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of φονεύουσιν. |
| 12 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | S---G-- | _ | 13 ἀφορμῆς | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 13 | ἀφορμῆς | ἀφορμή | NOUN | N-GSF-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 προαχθέντες | obl | high | Genitive object of ἐξ; source or occasion. |
| 14 | μικρᾶς | μικρός | ADJ | A--GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἀφορμῆς | amod | high | Agrees with ἀφορμῆς. |
| 15 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | S---AS- | _ | 16 ἅπαν | case | high | Preposition governing the accusative. |
| 16 | ἅπαν | ἅπας | ADJ | A--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 θυμοῦ | amod | medium | Accusative singular masculine, agreeing with an implied θυμόν; tokenization gives no noun for the adjective to modify. |
| 17 | θυμοῦ | θυμός | NOUN | N-GSM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 προαχθέντες | obl | low | Genitive with εἰς ἅπαν, likely idiomatic or textually compressed; syntactic analysis uncertain. |
| 18 | προαχθέντες | προάγω | VERB | V-APP-NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 11 ἄνδρες | acl | high | Aorist passive participle agreeing with ἄνδρες; ‘having been driven/excited onward’. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 φονεύουσιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
Ἐργῖνος δὲ ὁ πρεσβύτατος τῶν Κλυμένου παίδων τὴν βασιλείαν παραλαμβάνει.
Ἐργῖνος is the subject; ὁ πρεσβύτατος is a superlative appositive/predicative noun phrase, with τῶν Κλυμένου παίδων as its partitive genitive; τὴν βασιλείαν is the object of παραλαμβάνει.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἐργῖνος | Ἐργῖνος | PROPN | NbMn-s | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 παραλαμβάνει | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C---------; | _ | 10 παραλαμβάνει | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | P-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 πρεσβύτατος | det | high | |
| 4 | πρεσβύτατος | πρέσβυς | ADJ | A-S---MN-S | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Ἐργῖνος | appos | high | Superlative adjective functioning substantivally/appositionally. |
| 5 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | P-G---MN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 παίδων | det | high | |
| 6 | Κλυμένου | Κλυμένης | PROPN | NbMg-s | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 παίδων | nmod | high | Patronymic/name in the genitive; lemma normalized to nominative. |
| 7 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | NbGm-p | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 πρεσβύτατος | nmod | high | Partitive genitive dependent on πρεσβύτατος. |
| 8 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | P-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 βασιλείαν | det | high | |
| 9 | βασιλείαν | βασιλεία | NOUN | NbFa-s | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 παραλαμβάνει | obj | high | |
| 10 | παραλαμβάνει | παραλαμβάνω | VERB | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 παραλαμβάνει | punct | high |