Grammar parses for passage 9.38.3
Open translation for this passage
τάφοι δὲ Μινύου τε καὶ Ἡσιόδου·
Elliptical nominal clause: τάφοι is the predicate/topic, with two genitives coordinated by τε ... καί specifying the persons whose tombs are meant; the finite verb is omitted.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τάφοι | τάφος | NOUN | N----MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | high | Head of an elliptical nominal clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C---- | _=_ | 1 τάφοι | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle. |
| 3 | Μινύου | Μίνυος | PROPN | NPM---GS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 τάφοι | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on τάφοι; first name in the coordination. |
| 4 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C---- | _=_ | 3 Μινύου | cc | high | First coordinating particle of τε ... καί. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C---- | _=_ | 3 Μινύου | cc | high | Second coordinating particle of τε ... καί. |
| 6 | Ἡσιόδου | Ἡσίοδος | PROPN | NPM---GS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 Μινύου | conj | high | Coordinated genitive dependent on τάφοι. |
| 7 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 τάφοι | punct | high |
καταδέξασθαι δέ φασιν οὕτω τοῦ Ἡσιόδου τὰ ὀστᾶ. νόσου καταλαμβανούσης λοιμώδους καὶ ἀνθρώπους καὶ τὰ βοσκήματα ἀποστέλλουσι θεωροὺς παρὰ τὸν θεόν·
The opening infinitive is the content clause of φασιν; the following clause is coordinated/paratactic, with a genitive absolute νόσου καταλαμβανούσης λοιμώδους.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καταδέξασθαι | καταδέχομαι | VERB | V--PAN---- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 3 φασιν | ccomp | high | |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 3 φασιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 1 καταδέξασθαι | advmod | medium | Adverb scopes over the infinitival content. |
| 5 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-GSM---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Ἡσιόδου | det | high | |
| 6 | Ἡσιόδου | Ἡσίοδος | PROPN | Ne-GSM---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ὀστᾶ | nmod | high | |
| 7 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-APN---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 ὀστᾶ | det | high | |
| 8 | ὀστᾶ | ὀστέον | NOUN | N-APN---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 καταδέξασθαι | obj | high | |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 φασιν | punct | high | |
| 10 | νόσου | νόσος | NOUN | N-GSF---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 καταλαμβανούσης | nsubj | medium | Genitive absolute subject. |
| 11 | καταλαμβανούσης | καταλαμβάνω | VERB | V-PAP-GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 18 ἀποστέλλουσι | advcl | high | Genitive absolute, concessive/temporal. |
| 12 | λοιμώδους | λοιμώδης | ADJ | A-GSF---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 νόσου | amod | high | |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 ἀνθρώπους | cc | high | |
| 14 | ἀνθρώπους | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-APM---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ἀποστέλλουσι | obj | high | |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 βοσκήματα | cc | high | |
| 16 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-APN---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 βοσκήματα | det | high | |
| 17 | βοσκήματα | βόσκημα | NOUN | N-APN---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 ἀποστέλλουσι | obj | high | |
| 18 | ἀποστέλλουσι | ἀποστέλλω | VERB | V-PAI-3P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 φασιν | parataxis | high | New finite clause after the sentence break. |
| 19 | θεωροὺς | θεωρός | NOUN | N-APM---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ἀποστέλλουσι | obj | high | |
| 20 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | AdpType=Prep | 22 θεόν | case | high | |
| 21 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L-ASM---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 θεόν | det | high | |
| 22 | θεόν | θεός | NOUN | N-ASM---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 θεωροὺς | obl | high | |
| 23 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἀποστέλλουσι | punct | high |
τούτοις δὲ ἀποκρίνασθαι λέγουσι τὴν Πυθίαν, Ἡσιόδου τὰ ὀστᾶ ἐκ τῆς Ναυπακτίας ἀγαγοῦσιν ἐς τὴν Ὀρχομενίαν, ἄλλο δὲ εἶναί σφισιν οὐδὲν ἴαμα.
Infinitive construction after λέγουσι: the Pythia is accusative subject of ἀποκρίνασθαι, with an embedded infinitival content clause εἶναί ... ἴαμα. ἀγαγοῦσιν is an aorist active participle, dative plural, agreeing substantivally with the implied addressees τούτοις and governing the purpose/result destination phrase ἐς τὴν Ὀρχομενίαν; the participle's exact attachment is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτοις | οὗτος | PRON | RD-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 3 ἀποκρίνασθαι | iobj | high | Dative addressees of ἀποκρίνασθαι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 3 ἀποκρίνασθαι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀποκρίνασθαι | ἀποκρίνομαι | VERB | V-ANM--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 4 λέγουσι | xcomp | high | Aorist middle infinitive, complement of λέγουσι. |
| 4 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite matrix verb. |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RAFS---A | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Πυθίαν | det | high | |
| 6 | Πυθίαν | Πυθία | PROPN | NPFA---A | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|NameType=Rel|Number=Sing | 3 ἀποκρίνασθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἀποκρίνασθαι | punct | high | |
| 8 | Ἡσιόδου | Ἡσίοδος | PROPN | NPMS---G | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|NameType=Pat|Number=Sing | 10 ὀστᾶ | nmod | high | Possessive/genitive modifier of τὰ ὀστᾶ. |
| 9 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | RANP---A | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 ὀστᾶ | det | high | |
| 10 | ὀστᾶ | ὀστέον | NOUN | NCNP---A | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 ἀγαγοῦσιν | obj | high | Object of ἀγαγοῦσιν. |
| 11 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | P-----GA- | _ | 13 Ναυπακτίας | case | high | |
| 12 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RAGS---G | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 Ναυπακτίας | det | high | |
| 13 | Ναυπακτίας | Ναυπακτία | PROPN | NPFS---G | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|NameType=Geo|Number=Sing | 14 ἀγαγοῦσιν | obl | high | Source with ἐκ. |
| 14 | ἀγαγοῦσιν | ἄγω | VERB | V-APM-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 3 ἀποκρίνασθαι | advcl | medium | Dative plural participle, likely agreeing with implied addressees; attachment and semantic force are somewhat uncertain. |
| 15 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P-----AA- | _ | 17 Ὀρχομενίαν | case | high | |
| 16 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RAFS---A | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 Ὀρχομενίαν | det | high | |
| 17 | Ὀρχομενίαν | Ὀρχομενία | PROPN | NPFA---A | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|NameType=Geo|Number=Sing | 14 ἀγαγοῦσιν | obl | high | Destination with ἐς. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἀποκρίνασθαι | punct | high | |
| 19 | ἄλλο | ἄλλος | ADJ | A--NSN--- | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 ἴαμα | amod | high | Neuter substantive adjective, agreeing with ἴαμα. |
| 20 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 εἶναί | cc | high | Connective introducing the second infinitival proposition. |
| 21 | εἶναί | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 ἀποκρίνασθαι | xcomp | high | Infinitive coordinated in reported content with ἀποκρίνασθαι. |
| 22 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | RP3PD--- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 24 ἴαμα | iobj | high | Dative of possession with εἶναι. |
| 23 | οὐδὲν | οὐδείς | PRON | AAN-S--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 24 ἴαμα | det | medium | Substantival negative pronoun functioning as a nominal modifier/quantifier; agreement with neuter singular ἴαμα. |
| 24 | ἴαμα | ἴαμα | NOUN | NCNS---N | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 εἶναί | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative of εἶναί. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 λέγουσι | punct | high |
τότε δὲ ἐπερέσθαι δεύτερα, ὅπου τῆς Ναυπακτίας αὐτὰ ἐξευρήσουσι· καὶ αὖθις τὴν Πυθίαν εἰπεῖν ὡς μηνύσοι κορώνη σφίσιν.
Indirect discourse continues from context: ἐπερέσθαι is an articular/implicit infinitive of reported instruction, with δεύτερα adverbial; εἰπεῖν introduces a second report, and ὡς μηνύσοι κορώνη σφίσιν has κορώνη as the nominative subject of the optative. The antecedent of αὐτά is context-dependent; Ναυπακτίας is a feminine genitive substantive understood with χώρας/γῆς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D-D | PronType=Dem | 3 ἐπερέσθαι | advmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 3 ἐπερέσθαι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐπερέσθαι | ἐπερέομαι | VERB | V--AMN--- | Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Aorist middle infinitive in reported discourse; exact governing verb is contextual. |
| 4 | δεύτερα | δεύτερος | ADV | A-----NA- | Degree=Pos | 3 ἐπερέσθαι | advmod | medium | Neuter plural accusative used adverbially, ‘a second time/second questions’. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | U--------- | _ | 3 ἐπερέσθαι | punct | high | |
| 6 | ὅπου | ὅπου | SCONJ | D-------- | PronType=Rel | 10 ἐξευρήσουσι | mark | medium | Locative relative adverb introducing the subordinate clause. |
| 7 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-SGF--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 Ναυπακτίας | det | high | |
| 8 | Ναυπακτίας | Ναυπακτία | PROPN | N-SGF--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἐξευρήσουσι | obl | medium | Genitive feminine substantive/name; likely ‘of Naupaktia [land/region]’. |
| 9 | αὐτὰ | αὐτός | PRON | P--NPN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 10 ἐξευρήσουσι | obj | low | Form is nominative/accusative neuter plural; accusative object is syntactically expected, but surface form is syncretic. |
| 10 | ἐξευρήσουσι | ἐξευρίσκω | VERB | V-FIA3P--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 3 ἐπερέσθαι | ccomp | medium | Finite future in the embedded ὅπου-clause. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | U--------- | _ | 3 ἐπερέσθαι | punct | high | |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 16 εἰπεῖν | cc | high | |
| 13 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | D-------- | _ | 16 εἰπεῖν | advmod | high | |
| 14 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-SAF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 Πυθίαν | det | high | |
| 15 | Πυθίαν | Πυθία | PROPN | N-SAF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 εἰπεῖν | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 16 | εἰπεῖν | λέγω | VERB | V-2AAN--- | Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 3 ἐπερέσθαι | conj | high | Second coordinated infinitive of reported speech. |
| 17 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 18 μηνύσοι | mark | high | Introduces content clause. |
| 18 | μηνύσοι | μηνύω | VERB | V-FAO3S--- | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 16 εἰπεῖν | ccomp | high | Future optative in reported speech/oblique sequence. |
| 19 | κορώνη | κορώνη | NOUN | N-SNF--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 μηνύσοι | nsubj | high | |
| 20 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P--3PD--- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 18 μηνύσοι | iobj | high | Dative of recipient. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | U--------- | _ | 3 ἐπερέσθαι | punct | high |