Grammar parses for passage 9.38.8
Open translation for this passage
ἔχει δὲ οὐδὲ εἰκότα λόγον τοὺς Ὀρχομενίους μὴ καὶ τὸ χάσμα ἐξευρεῖν καὶ τοῦ Ἡρακλέους ἀναρρήξαντας τὸ ἔργον ἀποδοῦναι τὴν διέξοδον τῷ Κηφισῷ τὴν ἀρχαίαν, ἐπεὶ μηδὲ ἄχρι τῶν Τρωικῶν χρήμασιν ἀδυνάτως εἶχον.
The syntax is an accusative-and-infinitive construction with coordinated infinitives; ἀναρρήξαντας is a participial adjunct, and the causal clause introduced by ἐπεὶ governs εἶχον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | P- | _ | 1 ἔχει | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | PART | PRT | _ | 5 λόγον | advmod | high | Negating conjunction/adverb modifying λόγον. |
| 4 | εἰκότα | εἰκός | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 λόγον | amod | medium | Likely accusative masculine agreeing with λόγον. |
| 5 | λόγον | λόγος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἔχει | obj | high | Object of ἔχει. |
| 6 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | RA-APM | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 Ὀρχομενίους | det | high | Article with Ὀρχομενίους. |
| 7 | Ὀρχομενίους | Ὀρχομένιος | PROPN | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἐξευρεῖν | nsubj | medium | Subject of infinitive ἐξευρεῖν in accusative-and-infinitive construction. |
| 8 | μὴ | μή | PART | PRT-N | _ | 12 ἐξευρεῖν | advmod | high | Negates infinitive. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 ἐξευρεῖν | cc | high | Links coordinated infinitives. |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA-ASN | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 χάσμα | det | high | Article with χάσμα. |
| 11 | χάσμα | χάσμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἐξευρεῖν | obj | high | Object of ἐξευρεῖν. |
| 12 | ἐξευρεῖν | ἐξευρίσκω | VERB | V-ANA | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 1 ἔχει | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of ἔχει. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 ἀποδοῦναι | cc | high | Coordinates with ἐξευρεῖν. |
| 14 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA-GSM | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 Ἡρακλέους | det | high | Article with Ἡρακλέους. |
| 15 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἀναρρήξαντας | obl | high | Genitive dependent of ἀναρρήξαντας. |
| 16 | ἀναρρήξαντας | ἀναρρήγνυμι | VERB | V-AAP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 19 ἀποδοῦναι | advcl | high | Participial adjunct with accusative subject Ὀρχομενίους. |
| 17 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA-ASN | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 ἔργον | det | high | Article with ἔργον. |
| 18 | ἔργον | ἔργον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 ἀποδοῦναι | obj | high | Object of ἀποδοῦναι. |
| 19 | ἀποδοῦναι | ἀποδίδωμι | VERB | V-ANA | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 12 ἐξευρεῖν | conj | high | Coordinated infinitive. |
| 20 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASF | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 διέξοδον | det | high | Article with διέξοδον. |
| 21 | διέξοδον | διέξοδος | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ἀποδοῦναι | obj | high | Object of ἀποδοῦναι. |
| 22 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | RA-DSM | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 23 Κηφισῷ | det | high | Article with Κηφισῷ. |
| 23 | Κηφισῷ | Κηφισός | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 διέξοδον | iobj | high | Dative recipient/beneficiary of διέξοδον. |
| 24 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASF | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 25 ἀρχαίαν | det | high | Article with ἀρχαίαν. |
| 25 | ἀρχαίαν | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 διέξοδον | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying διέξοδον. |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔχει | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 27 | ἐπεὶ | ἐπεί | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 34 εἶχον | mark | high | Introduces causal clause. |
| 28 | μηδὲ | μηδέ | PART | PRT | _ | 34 εἶχον | advmod | high | Negative coordinator/adverb. |
| 29 | ἄχρι | ἄχρι | ADP | PREP | _ | 31 Τρωικῶν | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 30 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA-GPN | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 31 Τρωικῶν | det | high | Article with Τρωικῶν. |
| 31 | Τρωικῶν | Τρωικός | ADJ | A-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 29 ἄχρι | obl | high | Object of ἄχρι. |
| 32 | χρήμασιν | χρῆμα | NOUN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 34 εἶχον | obl | high | Dative of means/circumstance. |
| 33 | ἀδυνάτως | ἀδυνάτως | ADV | D | _ | 34 εἶχον | advmod | high | Modifies εἶχον. |
| 34 | εἶχον | ἔχω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 1 ἔχει | advcl | high | Causal clause verb. |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔχει | punct | high | Punctuation. |
μαρτυρεῖ δέ μοι καὶ Ὄμηρος ἐν Ἀχιλλέως ἀποκρίσει πρὸς τοὺς παρὰ Ἀγαμέμνονος πρέσβεις· οὐδʼ ὅσʼ ἐς Ὀρχομενὸν ποτινίσσεται, Hom. Il. 9.381 δῆλα δήπουθεν ὡς καὶ τότε προσιόντων τοῖς Ὀρχομενίοις χρημάτων πολλῶν.
The quotation is syntactically compressed; the Homeric citation and the genitive participial phrase προσιόντων with χρημάτων πολλῶν are the main difficult points.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μαρτυρεῖ | μαρτυρέω | VERB | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 μαρτυρεῖ | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1DS--- | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 1 μαρτυρεῖ | iobj | high | Dative of interest/recipient. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 Ὄμηρος | cc | high | Links Ὅμηρος to previous discourse. |
| 5 | Ὄμηρος | Ὅμηρος | PROPN | N-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 μαρτυρεῖ | nsubj | high | Subject of μαρτυρεῖ. |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 ἀποκρίσει | case | high | Preposition governing ἀποκρίσει. |
| 7 | Ἀχιλλέως | Ἀχιλλεύς | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀποκρίσει | nmod | high | Dependent genitive with ἀποκρίσει. |
| 8 | ἀποκρίσει | ἀπόκρισις | NOUN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 μαρτυρεῖ | obl | high | Prepositional oblique. |
| 9 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 πρέσβεις | case | high | Preposition. |
| 10 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T- P---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 13 πρέσβεις | det | high | Article modifying πρέσβεις. |
| 11 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 πρέσβεις | case | high | Preposition with genitive phrase. |
| 12 | Ἀγαμέμνονος | Ἀγαμέμνων | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 πρέσβεις | nmod | high | Genitive complement of παρά. |
| 13 | πρέσβεις | πρέσβις | NOUN | N-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 μαρτυρεῖ | obl | high | Object of πρὸς within the quoted phrase. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 μαρτυρεῖ | punct | high | Sentence boundary punctuation. |
| 15 | οὐδʼ | οὐδέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 19 ποτινίσσεται | advmod | medium | Negative connective; attaches to quoted clause. |
| 16 | ὅσʼ | ὅσος | PRON | P----NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 19 ποτινίσσεται | obj | medium | Relative pronoun; form/role slightly uncertain in transmitted text. |
| 17 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 ποτινίσσεται | case | high | Preposition. |
| 18 | Ὀρχομενὸν | Ὀρχομενός | PROPN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ποτινίσσεται | obl | high | Goal of ἐς. |
| 19 | ποτινίσσεται | προσνίσσομαι | VERB | V3SPIM--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 15 οὐδʼ | conj | low | Editorial/poetic form; lemma and analysis uncertain. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ποτινίσσεται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 21 | H | H | X | _ | _ | 28 9.381 | flat | high | Part of Latin citation abbreviation. |
| 22 | o | o | X | _ | _ | 28 9.381 | flat | high | Part of Latin citation abbreviation. |
| 23 | m | m | X | _ | _ | 28 9.381 | flat | high | Part of Latin citation abbreviation. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 9.381 | punct | high | Abbreviation punctuation. |
| 25 | I | I | X | _ | _ | 28 9.381 | flat | high | Part of Latin citation abbreviation. |
| 26 | l | l | X | _ | _ | 28 9.381 | flat | high | Part of Latin citation abbreviation. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 9.381 | punct | high | Abbreviation punctuation. |
| 28 | 9.381 | 9.381 | NUM | _ | _ | 19 ποτινίσσεται | appos | high | Citation reference. |
| 29 | δῆλα | δῆλος | ADJ | A-P---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 ποτινίσσεται | xcomp | medium | Predicate adjective in quoted clause; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 30 | δήπουθεν | δήπουθεν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 29 δῆλα | advmod | high | Modifies δῆλα. |
| 31 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 34 προσιόντων | mark | high | Introduces subordinate/causal clause. |
| 32 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 33 τότε | advmod | high | Correlative/adverbial use. |
| 33 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D-------- | _ | 34 προσιόντων | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying προσιόντων. |
| 34 | προσιόντων | πρόσειμι | VERB | VPPAPGPN- | Aspect=Perf|Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 29 δῆλα | advcl | medium | Genitive participle; exact semantic relation uncertain. |
| 35 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-P---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 36 Ὀρχομενίοις | det | high | Article. |
| 36 | Ὀρχομενίοις | Ὀρχομένιος | ADJ | A-P---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 37 χρημάτων | amod | high | Substantivized adjective: 'the Orchomenians'. |
| 37 | χρημάτων | χρῆμα | NOUN | N-P---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 34 προσιόντων | obj | medium | Genitive dependent with participle; likely partitive/objective. |
| 38 | πολλῶν | πολύς | ADJ | A-P---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 37 χρημάτων | amod | high | Modifies χρημάτων. |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 δῆλα | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |