Grammar parses for passage 9.39.10
Open translation for this passage
τοῦ δὲ οἰκοδομήματος τούτου τὸ σχῆμα εἴκασται κριβάνῳ· τὸ δὲ εὖρος ἡ διάμετρος αὐτοῦ τέσσαρας παρέχοιτο ἂν ὡς εἰκάσαι πήχεις· βάθος δὲ τοῦ οἰκοδομήματος, οὐκ ἂν οὐδὲ τοῦτο εἰκάζοι τις ἐς πλέον ὀκτὼ καθήκειν πηχῶν.
Two semicolon-linked clauses are coordinated. The first has εἴκασται as a passive perfect predicate with dative κριβάνῳ; the second uses παρέχοιτο ἂν in a potential optative, with εὖρος as subject and διάμετρος as a predicative specification. The final clause has βάθος as subject, καθήκειν as an infinitival complement of εἰκάζοι, and πλέον ὀκτὼ πηχῶν as an extent expression; some attachment details are uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | δαο- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 οἰκοδομήματος | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 7 εἴκασται | cc | high | |
| 3 | οἰκοδομήματος | οἰκοδόμημα | NOUN | n-s---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 σχῆμα | nmod | high | |
| 4 | τούτου | οὗτος | DET | pd-s---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 3 οἰκοδομήματος | det | high | Genitive demonstrative agrees with οἰκοδομήματος. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | δα-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 σχῆμα | det | high | |
| 6 | σχῆμα | σχῆμα | NOUN | n-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 εἴκασται | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | εἴκασται | ἐΐσκω | VERB | v1srpm--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Perfect passive form, ‘has been likened’; lexical lemma sometimes indexed as εἰκάζω/ἐΐσκω. |
| 8 | κριβάνῳ | κρίβανος | NOUN | n-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 εἴκασται | obl | high | Dative of comparison/reference. |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 εἴκασται | punct | high | |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | δα-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 εὖρος | det | high | |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 17 παρέχοιτο | cc | high | |
| 12 | εὖρος | εὖρος | NOUN | n-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 παρέχοιτο | nsubj | high | |
| 13 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | δα-s---nf- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 διάμετρος | det | high | |
| 14 | διάμετρος | διάμετρος | NOUN | n-s---nf- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 παρέχοιτο | nsubj | medium | Nominal specification/apposition to εὖρος; syntactically a second nominative around παρέχοιτο. |
| 15 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | px-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 14 διάμετρος | nmod | high | Possessive genitive, ‘its’. |
| 16 | τέσσαρας | τέσσαρες | NUM | m-------- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 20 εἰκάσαι | obj | medium | Accusative measure phrase; understood with πήχεις. |
| 17 | παρέχοιτο | παρέχω | VERB | v3spoa--- | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Potential optative with ἄν; coordinated after first clause. |
| 18 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | ------- | _ | 17 παρέχοιτο | aux | high | Potential particle. |
| 19 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | -------- | _ | 20 εἰκάσαι | mark | high | Introduces an epexegetic/limiting infinitival phrase. |
| 20 | εἰκάσαι | εἰκάζω | VERB | v--ana--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 17 παρέχοιτο | xcomp | medium | Aorist infinitive, likely dependent on παρέχοιτο in the sense ‘as one might estimate’. |
| 21 | πήχεις | πῆχυς | NOUN | n-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 τέσσαρας | nmod | high | Measure noun governed semantically by τέσσαρας. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 παρέχοιτο | punct | high | |
| 23 | βάθος | βάθος | NOUN | n-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 32 εἰκάζοι | nsubj | high | |
| 24 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 32 εἰκάζοι | cc | high | |
| 25 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | δα-s---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 26 οἰκοδομήματος | det | high | |
| 26 | οἰκοδομήματος | οἰκοδόμημα | NOUN | n-s---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 βάθος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on βάθος. |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 32 εἰκάζοι | punct | high | |
| 28 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | -------- | _ | 32 εἰκάζοι | advmod | high | Negates εἰκάζοι. |
| 29 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | ------- | _ | 32 εἰκάζοι | aux | high | Potential particle. |
| 30 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 31 τοῦτο | cc | medium | Connective negative, ‘nor/not even’; scope and coordination are somewhat ambiguous. |
| 31 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | pd-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 37 καθήκειν | obj | medium | Accusative object of εἰκάζοι, referring to the depth. |
| 32 | εἰκάζοι | εἰκάζω | VERB | v1spoa--- | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 17 παρέχοιτο | conj | medium | Potential optative with ἄν; coordination with παρέχοιτο is understood across the semicolon. |
| 33 | τις | τις | PRON | px-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 32 εἰκάζοι | nsubj | high | |
| 34 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | -------- | _ | 35 πλέον | case | high | Takes the accusative extent expression. |
| 35 | πλέον | πλείων | ADJ | a-s---na- | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 37 καθήκειν | obl | medium | Substantivized accusative, ‘more/further’; extent phrase with ἐς. |
| 36 | ὀκτὼ | ὀκτώ | NUM | m-------- | NumType=Card | 38 πηχῶν | nummod | high | |
| 37 | καθήκειν | καθήκω | VERB | v--pna--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 32 εἰκάζοι | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of εἰκάζοι: ‘to reach/extend’. |
| 38 | πηχῶν | πῆχυς | NOUN | n-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 35 πλέον | nmod | high | Genitive of measure with πλέον ὀκτώ. |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 32 εἰκάζοι | punct | high |
κατάβασις δὲ οὐκ ἔστι πεποιημένη σφίσιν ἐς τὸ ἔδαφος· ἐπειδὰν δὲ ἀνὴρ ἔρχηται παρὰ τὸν Τροφώνιον, κλίμακα αὐτῷ κομίζουσι στενὴν καὶ ἐλαφράν.
The first clause has a periphrastic passive predicate, πεποιημένη ἐστίν, with σφίσιν as the dative possessor/experiencer and ἐς τὸ ἔδαφος as the goal of the omitted or implicit descent. In the second clause, ἐπειδάν introduces a temporal subordinate clause; ἔρχηται is subjunctive, and κομίζουσι has an implicit plural subject. Τροφώνιον is the accusative object of παρὰ in the sense of approaching/passing by.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κατάβασις | κατάβασις | NOUN | n-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἔστι | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 4 ἔστι | cc | high | |
| 3 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | d-------- | Polarity=Neg | 4 ἔστι | advmod | high | |
| 4 | ἔστι | εἰμί | AUX | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular auxiliary in a periphrastic passive construction. |
| 5 | πεποιημένη | ποιέω | VERB | v-srpefn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 4 ἔστι | xcomp | high | Perfect passive participle forming the predicate with ἔστι. |
| 6 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | p------d- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 5 πεποιημένη | obl | medium | Dative of possession or reference; the referent is understood from context. |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | r-------- | _ | 9 ἔδαφος | case | high | |
| 8 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 ἔδαφος | det | high | |
| 9 | ἔδαφος | ἔδαφος | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 πεποιημένη | obl | high | Goal complement of ἐς. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἔστι | punct | high | |
| 11 | ἐπειδὰν | ἐπειδάν | SCONJ | c-------- | _ | 21 κομίζουσι | mark | high | Temporal subordinating conjunction governing a subjunctive clause. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 21 κομίζουσι | cc | high | |
| 13 | ἀνὴρ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἔρχηται | nsubj | high | |
| 14 | ἔρχηται | ἔρχομαι | VERB | v3srpm--- | Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 21 κομίζουσι | advcl | high | Temporal subjunctive under ἐπειδάν. |
| 15 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | r-------- | _ | 17 Τροφώνιον | case | high | With accusative, expressing motion/passage by. |
| 16 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | l-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 Τροφώνιον | det | high | |
| 17 | Τροφώνιον | Τροφώνιος | PROPN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἔρχηται | obl | high | Proper name in the accusative governed by παρά. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἔρχηται | punct | high | |
| 19 | κλίμακα | κλῖμαξ | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 κομίζουσι | obj | high | |
| 20 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | p-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 21 κομίζουσι | iobj | high | Dative recipient. |
| 21 | κομίζουσι | κομίζω | VERB | v3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 4 ἔστι | conj | high | Implicit subject, coordinated with the preceding clause. |
| 22 | στενὴν | στενός | ADJ | a-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 κλίμακα | amod | high | |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 24 ἐλαφράν | cc | high | |
| 24 | ἐλαφράν | ἐλαφρός | ADJ | a-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 κλίμακα | conj | high | |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 κομίζουσι | punct | high |
καταβάντι δέ ἐστιν ὀπὴ μεταξὺ τοῦ τε ἐδάφους καὶ τοῦ οἰκοδομήματος· σπιθαμῶν τὸ εὖρος δύο, τὸ δὲ ὕψος ἐφαίνετο εἶναι σπιθαμῆς.
The sentence has an impersonal/existential ἐστιν with locative dative καταβάντι and subject ὀπή; σπιθαμῶν δύο gives the width, while the second clause has ὕψος as subject of ἐφαίνετο with infinitival complement εἶναι and genitive measure σπιθαμῆς. The exact construction of καταβάντι is somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καταβάντι | καταβαίνω | VERB | AAPMSD | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 3 ἐστιν | obl | medium | Dative participle, likely temporal/locative (‘on descending’). |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 3 ἐστιν | advmod | high | |
| 3 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPIA | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | ὀπὴ | ὀπή | NOUN | N1FSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | μεταξὺ | μεταξύ | ADP | _ | _ | 8 ἐδάφους | case | high | Preposition governing the coordinated genitives. |
| 6 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἐδάφους | det | high | |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 9 καὶ | cc | high | |
| 8 | ἐδάφους | ἔδαφος | NOUN | N3GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ὀπὴ | obl | high | First complement of μεταξύ; attachment is structurally elliptical. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 11 οἰκοδομήματος | cc | high | |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 οἰκοδομήματος | det | high | |
| 11 | οἰκοδομήματος | οἰκοδόμημα | NOUN | N3GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἐδάφους | conj | high | Second complement of μεταξύ, coordinated with ἐδάφους. |
| 12 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 13 | σπιθαμῶν | σπιθαμή | NOUN | N1GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 εὖρος | nmod | high | Genitive of measure modifying εὖρος. |
| 14 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 εὖρος | det | high | |
| 15 | εὖρος | εὖρος | NOUN | N1NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἐστιν | parataxis | high | Nominal measurement statement after the semicolon. |
| 16 | δύο | δύο | NUM | N2AP | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 σπιθαμῶν | nummod | high | Numeral specifying the genitive measure. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 εὖρος | punct | high | |
| 18 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 ὕψος | det | high | |
| 19 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 20 ὕψος | cc | high | |
| 20 | ὕψος | ὕψος | NOUN | N3NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 ἐφαίνετο | nsubj | high | |
| 21 | ἐφαίνετο | φαίνομαι | VERB | V3SIMI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second coordinated clause; treated as a root-like paratactic predicate. |
| 22 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 21 ἐφαίνετο | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of ἐφαίνετο. |
| 23 | σπιθαμῆς | σπιθαμή | NOUN | N1GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 εἶναι | obl | high | Genitive of measure with εἶναι (‘to be one span’). |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 ἐφαίνετο | punct | high |