Grammar parses for passage 9.39.11
Open translation for this passage
ὁ οὖν κατιὼν κατακλίνας ἑαυτὸν ἐς τὸ ἔδαφος ἔχων μάζας μεμαγμένας μέλιτι προεμβάλλει τε ἐς τὴν ὀπὴν τοὺς πόδας καὶ αὐτὸς ἐπιχωρεῖ, τὰ γόνατά οἱ τῆς ὀπῆς ἐντὸς γενέσθαι προθυμούμενος·
Multiple participial clauses modify the main verb προεμβάλλει; the final infinitive γενέσθαι depends on προθυμούμενος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | l-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 κατιὼν | det | high | Article modifying the participle κατιὼν. |
| 2 | οὖν | οὖν | PART | _ | _ | 13 προεμβάλλει | discourse | high | Inferential particle. |
| 3 | κατιὼν | κατέρχομαι | VERB | p---mpn--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 13 προεμβάλλει | advcl | high | Nominal participle modifying the subject of προεμβάλλει. |
| 4 | κατακλίνας | κατακλίνω | VERB | a-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 13 προεμβάλλει | advcl | high | Participial circumstance modifying the main verb. |
| 5 | ἑαυτὸν | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | p-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 4 κατακλίνας | obj | high | Reflexive object of κατακλίνας. |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | r-------- | _ | 8 ἔδαφος | case | high | Preposition governing ἔδαφος. |
| 7 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 ἔδαφος | det | high | Article with ἔδαφος. |
| 8 | ἔδαφος | ἔδαφος | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 κατακλίνας | obl | high | Goal/circumstantial oblique with ἐς. |
| 9 | ἔχων | ἔχω | VERB | p---mpn--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 13 προεμβάλλει | advcl | high | Present participle, probably attendant circumstance. |
| 10 | μάζας | μάζα | NOUN | n-p---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 ἔχων | obj | high | Object of ἔχων. |
| 11 | μεμαγμένας | μάσσω | VERB | x-p---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 10 μάζας | amod | high | Participial modifier of μάζας. |
| 12 | μέλιτι | μέλι | NOUN | n-s---nd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 μεμαγμένας | obl | high | Instrument/comitative relation with μεμαγμένας. |
| 13 | προεμβάλλει | προεμβάλλω | VERB | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 14 | τε | τε | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 13 προεμβάλλει | cc | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 15 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | r-------- | _ | 17 ὀπὴν | case | high | Preposition governing ὀπὴν. |
| 16 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 ὀπὴν | det | high | Article with ὀπὴν. |
| 17 | ὀπὴν | ὀπή | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 προεμβάλλει | obl | high | Goal oblique with ἐς. |
| 18 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | l-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 πόδας | det | high | Article with πόδας. |
| 19 | πόδας | πούς | NOUN | n-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 προεμβάλλει | obj | high | Object of προεμβάλλει. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 22 ἐπιχωρεῖ | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 21 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | a-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 22 ἐπιχωρεῖ | nsubj | high | Emphatic subject. |
| 22 | ἐπιχωρεῖ | ἐπιχωρέω | VERB | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 13 προεμβάλλει | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb. |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 προεμβάλλει | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 24 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | l-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 25 γόνατά | det | high | Article with γόνατά. |
| 25 | γόνατά | γόνυ | NOUN | n-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 31 προθυμούμενος | obj | high | Object of προθυμούμενος / infinitival clause subject-like object. |
| 26 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | l-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 28 ὀπῆς | det | medium | Likely article with ὀπῆς; form is ambiguous with nominative plural article. |
| 27 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | l-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 28 ὀπῆς | det | high | Article with ὀπῆς. |
| 28 | ὀπῆς | ὀπή | NOUN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 γόνατά | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent of γόνατα, likely partitive/possessive relation in infinitival clause. |
| 29 | ἐντὸς | ἐντός | ADV | d-------- | _ | 30 γενέσθαι | advmod | high | Adverb modifying γενέσθαι. |
| 30 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | a--n--n--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 31 προθυμούμενος | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of προθυμούμενος. |
| 31 | προθυμούμενος | προθυμέομαι | VERB | p---mpn--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 13 προεμβάλλει | advcl | high | Causal/attendant participle modifying the main clause. |
| 32 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 προεμβάλλει | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
τὸ δὲ λοιπὸν σῶμα αὐτίκα ἐφειλκύσθη τε καὶ τοῖς γόνασιν ἐπέδραμεν, ὥσπερ ποταμῶν ὁ μέγιστος καὶ ὠκύτατος συνδεθέντα ὑπὸ δίνης ἀποκρύψειεν ἂν ἄνθρωπον.
The final ὥσπερ-clause is syntactically compressed; I treat ἀποκρύψειεν ἂν as the comparative clause predicate with a coordinated superlative subject and an accusative participial object.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | Ra-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 σῶμα | det | high | Article modifying σῶμα. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 6 ἐφειλκύσθη | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | λοιπὸν | λοιπός | ADJ | A-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 σῶμα | amod | high | Attributive adjective with σῶμα; accusative neuter singular. |
| 4 | σῶμα | σῶμα | NOUN | N-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἐφειλκύσθη | nsubj:pass | high | Subject of ἐφειλκύσθη. |
| 5 | αὐτίκα | αὐτίκα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 6 ἐφειλκύσθη | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the passive verb. |
| 6 | ἐφειλκύσθη | ἐφειλκύω | VERB | V-3SAPI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the first clause. |
| 7 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 6 ἐφειλκύσθη | discourse | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 ἐπέδραμεν | cc | high | Connects the two coordinated verbs. |
| 9 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | Ra-P---ND- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 γόνασιν | det | high | Article modifying γόνασιν. |
| 10 | γόνασιν | γόνυ | NOUN | N-P---ND- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 ἐπέδραμεν | obl | high | Dative of respect/means with ἐπέδραμεν. |
| 11 | ἐπέδραμεν | ἐπιδραμέω | VERB | V-3SAAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 6 ἐφειλκύσθη | conj | high | Coordinated with ἐφειλκύσθη. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐφειλκύσθη | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 13 | ὥσπερ | ὥσπερ | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 22 ἀποκρύψειεν | mark | medium | Introduces comparative clause; attached to the subjunctive verb. |
| 14 | ποταμῶν | ποταμός | NOUN | N-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 μέγιστος | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent of superlative ὁ μέγιστος. |
| 15 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | Ra-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 μέγιστος | det | high | Article with μέγιστος. |
| 16 | μέγιστος | μέγας | ADJ | A-S---NSC- | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἀποκρύψειεν | nsubj | medium | Subject of ἀποκρύψειεν; part of a genitive comparison. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 18 ὠκύτατος | cc | high | Connects the coordinated superlatives. |
| 18 | ὠκύτατος | ὠκύς | ADJ | A-S---NSC- | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 μέγιστος | conj | medium | Second coordinated superlative modifying the same subject. |
| 19 | συνδεθέντα | συνδέω | VERB | V-APMANN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 24 ἄνθρωπον | advcl | medium | Participle agreeing with ἄνθρωπον; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 20 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 21 δίνης | case | high | Preposition governing δίνης. |
| 21 | δίνης | δίνη | NOUN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 συνδεθέντα | obl | high | Agent/cause phrase with passive participle. |
| 22 | ἀποκρύψειεν | ἀποκρύπτω | VERB | V-3SAOA--- | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 16 μέγιστος | acl:relcl | medium | Optative in a comparative/indirect-simile clause; attached to the subject noun phrase. |
| 23 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | G-------- | _ | 22 ἀποκρύψειεν | advmod | high | Modal particle with optative verb. |
| 24 | ἄνθρωπον | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἀποκρύψειεν | obj | high | Direct object of ἀποκρύψειεν. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐφειλκύσθη | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἀναστρέψαι δὲ ὀπίσω τοῖς καταβᾶσι διὰ στομίου τε ἔστι τοῦ αὐτοῦ καὶ προεκθεόντων σφίσι τῶν ποδῶν.
The syntax is compressed: ἀναστρέψαι is best taken as an infinitival complement to ἔστι, with two participial adjuncts, including a genitive absolute at the end.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀναστρέψαι | ἀναστρέφω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 9 ἔστι | nsubj | high | Articular infinitive-like construction omitted; functioning as subject complement of ἔστι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PART | _ | 9 ἔστι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ὀπίσω | ὀπίσω | ADV | ADV | _ | 1 ἀναστρέψαι | advmod | high | Modifies ἀναστρέψαι. |
| 4 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 καταβᾶσι | det | high | Article with participle functioning substantivally. |
| 5 | καταβᾶσι | καταβαίνω | VERB | V-AAP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 ἀναστρέψαι | obl | medium | Dative participle dependent on the infinitive; likely circumstantial dative. |
| 6 | διὰ | διά | ADP | R | Case=Gen | 7 στομίου | case | high | Takes genitive. |
| 7 | στομίου | στόμιον | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἀναστρέψαι | obl | high | Prepositional complement of ἀναστρέψαι. |
| 8 | τε | τε | PART | PART | _ | 9 ἔστι | discourse | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 9 | ἔστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential verb governing infinitival clause. |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 αὐτοῦ | det | high | Article with αὐτοῦ. |
| 11 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | S-3GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 13 προεκθεόντων | det | low | Likely part of the fixed phrase τοῦ αὐτοῦ 'of the same'; syntax somewhat uncertain. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἔστι | cc | high | Connects coordinated predicative elements or clauses. |
| 13 | προεκθεόντων | προεκθέω | VERB | V-AAP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 ἔστι | obl | medium | Genitive absolute participle; likely with implied subject 'the feet'. |
| 14 | σφίσι | σφεῖς | PRON | P-3DP | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 13 προεκθεόντων | obl | high | Dative ethical/possessive reference within the genitive absolute. |
| 15 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 16 ποδῶν | det | high | Article with ποδῶν. |
| 16 | ποδῶν | πούς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 προεκθεόντων | nsubj | high | Likely subject of genitive absolute participle προεκθεόντων. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔστι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |