Grammar parses for passage 9.39.2
Open translation for this passage
κεκόσμηται μὲν δὴ τὰ ἄλλα σφίσιν ἡ πόλις ὁμοίως τοῖς Ἑλλήνων μάλιστα εὐδαίμοσι,
The middle-perfect κεκόσμηται has πόλις as subject; τὰ ἄλλα is a substantivized accusative plural modifying the scope of the city's adornment, while σφίσιν is a dative of respect/association. τοῖς ... εὐδαίμοσι is a dative comparison phrase with Ἑλλήνων dependent on the adjective.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κεκόσμηται | κοσμέω | VERB | V-RMP-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 8 πόλις | root | high | Perfect middle/passive indicative, 3sg; subject is πόλις. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-PRT | _ | 1 κεκόσμηται | discourse | high | Correlative particle, anticipating δὴ and/or subsequent contrast. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | G-PRT | _ | 1 κεκόσμηται | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 ἄλλα | det | high | Article substantivizing ἄλλα. |
| 5 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 κεκόσμηται | obj | medium | Substantivized neuter plural accusative, ‘the other things’; object/scope of κοσμέω. |
| 6 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-3PD | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 1 κεκόσμηται | obl | medium | Third-person plural dative pronoun, probably dative of respect or association; antecedent/context is not explicit in the isolated sentence. |
| 7 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 πόλις | det | high | Article with πόλις. |
| 8 | πόλις | πόλις | NOUN | N-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 κεκόσμηται | nsubj | high | Nominative subject of κεκόσμηται. |
| 9 | ὁμοίως | ὁμοίως | ADV | D | Degree=Pos | 1 κεκόσμηται | advmod | high | Adverb meaning ‘similarly/equally’, introducing the comparison. |
| 10 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 13 εὐδαίμοσι | det | high | Article with substantivized εὐδαίμοσι. |
| 11 | Ἑλλήνων | Ἕλλην | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 εὐδαίμοσι | nmod | high | Genitive plural dependent on εὐδαίμοσι, ‘of the Greeks’. |
| 12 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-S | Degree=Sup | 13 εὐδαίμοσι | advmod | high | Superlative adverb modifying εὐδαίμοσι. |
| 13 | εὐδαίμοσι | εὐδαίμων | ADJ | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ὁμοίως | obl | high | Substantivized dative plural adjective, ‘the most prosperous’; complement of the comparison expressed by ὁμοίως. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 κεκόσμηται | punct | high | Comma. |
διείργει δὲ ἀπʼ αὐτῆς τὸ ἄλσος τοῦ Τροφωνίου ποταμὸς Ἕρκυνα.
The imperfect διείργει takes the accusative object τὸ ἄλσος and a source/separation phrase ἀπʼ αὐτῆς; ποταμὸς Ἕρκυνα is the postposed subject, with τοῦ Τροφωνίου modifying ἄλσος. The proper name Ἕρκυνα is treated as nominative feminine, agreeing appositionally with ποταμός in a syntactically unusual name phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | διείργει | διείργω | VERB | V-I某3SI | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 διείργει | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀπʼ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 αὐτῆς | case | high | Elided before vowel. |
| 4 | αὐτῆς | αὐτός | PRON | P-GSF | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular|PronType=Prs | 1 διείργει | obl | high | Object of separation with ἀπό; antecedent is the previously mentioned place. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 6 ἄλσος | det | high | |
| 6 | ἄλσος | ἄλσος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 1 διείργει | obj | high | |
| 7 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 8 Τροφωνίου | det | high | |
| 8 | Τροφωνίου | Τροφώνιος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 6 ἄλσος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἄλσος. |
| 9 | ποταμὸς | ποταμός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 1 διείργει | nsubj | high | Postposed subject. |
| 10 | Ἕρκυνα | Ἕρκυνα | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 9 ποταμὸς | appos | medium | River name; feminine form is in apposition to masculine ποταμός, so agreement is formally mismatched. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 διείργει | punct | high |
φασὶ δʼ ἐνταῦθα Ἕρκυναν ὁμοῦ Κόρῃ τῇ Δήμητρος παίζουσαν καὶ ἔχουσαν χῆνα ἀφεῖναι τοῦτον ἄκουσαν·
Reported-speech construction: φασί governs the aorist infinitive ἀφεῖναι, with Ἕρκυναν as accusative subject and coordinated accusative participles παίζουσαν/ἔχουσαν; ἄκουσαν is textually or morphologically uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | φασὶ | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 13 ἀφεῖναι | ccomp | high | |
| 2 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 φασὶ | cc | high | Apodotic/continuative conjunction. |
| 3 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | ADV | _ | 13 ἀφεῖναι | advmod | high | |
| 4 | Ἕρκυναν | Ἕρκυνα | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 παίζουσαν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 5 | ὁμοῦ | ὁμοῦ | ADV | ADV | _ | 9 παίζουσαν | advmod | high | |
| 6 | Κόρῃ | Κόρη | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 παίζουσαν | obl | medium | Dative with ὁμοῦ, ‘together with’. |
| 7 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Κόρῃ | det | high | |
| 8 | Δήμητρος | Δήμητρα | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Κόρῃ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on Κόρῃ. |
| 9 | παίζουσαν | παίζω | VERB | V-PAP-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 13 ἀφεῖναι | advcl | high | Accusative participle agreeing with Ἕρκυναν. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 ἔχουσαν | cc | high | |
| 11 | ἔχουσαν | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 παίζουσαν | conj | high | Coordinated participle, agreeing with Ἕρκυναν. |
| 12 | χῆνα | χήν | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἔχουσαν | obj | high | |
| 13 | ἀφεῖναι | ἀφίημι | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 1 φασὶ | ccomp | high | Infinitive of reported speech. |
| 14 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | PRON | D-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 13 ἀφεῖναι | obj | high | Demonstrative object, referring to χῆνα. |
| 15 | ἄκουσαν | ἀκούων | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἀφεῖναι | advcl | low | Likely participial/adjectival form meaning ‘unwilling’; form is morphologically ambiguous in the transmitted text. |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 φασὶ | punct | high |
ἐς δὲ ἄντρον κοῖλον ἐσπτάντος καὶ ὑπὸ λίθον ἀποκρύψαντος αὑτὸν
The sequence is fragmentary and apparently dependent on surrounding context; ἐσπτάντος is morphologically problematic, so its lemma and analysis are provisional.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 3 ἄντρον | case | high | Variant form of εἰς governing the accusative. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 ἄντρον | cc | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἄντρον | ἄντρον | NOUN | N-NSN? | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἐσπτάντος | obl | medium | Accusative destination/object with ἐς; lemma form is the neuter noun ἄντρον. |
| 4 | κοῖλον | κοῖλος | ADJ | A-ASM/N? | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἄντρον | amod | high | Adjective agreeing with ἄντρον. |
| 5 | ἐσπτάντος | σπένδω | VERB | V-AAP-GSM/N? | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | low | Form appears corrupt or otherwise uncertain; analyzed provisionally as a genitive aorist active participle, with the genitive absolute likely continued by ἀποκρύψαντος. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἀποκρύψαντος | cc | high | Coordinates the two participles. |
| 7 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 λίθον | case | high | Preposition governing the accusative. |
| 8 | λίθον | λίθος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἀποκρύψαντος | obl | high | Accusative object of ὑπό in the sense of location beneath. |
| 9 | ἀποκρύψαντος | ἀποκρύπτω | VERB | V-AAP-GSM/N | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 5 ἐσπτάντος | conj | high | Genitive aorist active participle coordinated with ἐσπτάντος; subject is understood from context. |
| 10 | αὑτὸν | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 9 ἀποκρύψαντος | obj | high | Reflexive accusative object of ἀποκρύψαντος. |
ἐσελθοῦσα ἡ Κόρη λαμβάνει τὸν ὄρνιθα ὑπὸ τῷ λίθῳ κατακείμενον·
The aorist participle ἐσελθοῦσα is circumstantial with Κόρη; κατακείμενον agrees with ὄρνιθα and is modified by ὑπό plus dative λίθῳ, ‘lying under the stone.’
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐσελθοῦσα | εἰσέρχομαι | VERB | AAPNSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 λαμβάνει | advcl | high | |
| 2 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | RAFSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 Κόρη | det | high | |
| 3 | Κόρη | Κόρη | PROPN | NPNSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 λαμβάνει | nsubj | high | Proper name/title treated as a feminine proper noun. |
| 4 | λαμβάνει | λαμβάνω | VERB | V潘SAI3 | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ὄρνιθα | det | high | |
| 6 | ὄρνιθα | ὄρνις | NOUN | NASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 λαμβάνει | obj | high | Form is accusative singular masculine; lemma conventionally ὄρνις. |
| 7 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P | _ | 9 λίθῳ | case | high | |
| 8 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | RDSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 λίθῳ | det | high | |
| 9 | λίθῳ | λίθος | NOUN | NDSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 κατακείμενον | obl | high | |
| 10 | κατακείμενον | κατάκειμαι | VERB | XMPASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 6 ὄρνιθα | acl | high | Perfect middle participle agreeing with ὄρνιθα. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 λαμβάνει | punct | high |
ῥυῆναί τε δὴ τὸ ὕδωρ ὅθεν ἀνείλετο ἡ Κόρη τὸν λίθον καὶ ὀνομασθῆναι τὸν ποταμὸν ἐπὶ τούτῳ λέγουσιν Ἕρκυναν.
Infinitival coordinated report: λέγουσιν governs the two articular infinitives ῥυῆναί ... τὸ ὕδωρ and ὀνομασθῆναι ... τὸν ποταμόν; ὅθεν introduces the source relative clause, while ἐπὶ τούτῳ means ‘on this account’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ῥυῆναί | ῥέω | VERB | V--ANP- | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 18 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | First coordinated infinitive governed by λέγουσιν; τὸ ὕδωρ is its subject. |
| 2 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 ῥυῆναί | cc | high | Coordinating enclitic linking the two infinitives. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | X-------- | _ | 1 ῥυῆναί | discourse | high | Emphatic discourse particle. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ὕδωρ | det | high | |
| 5 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ῥυῆναί | nsubj | high | Accusative-and-infinitive subject is nominative in form because neuter nominative and accusative coincide. |
| 6 | ὅθεν | ὅθεν | ADV | D-------- | PronType=Rel | 7 ἀνείλετο | advmod | high | Relative adverb ‘from where’, modifying ἀνείλετο. |
| 7 | ἀνείλετο | ἀναιρέω | VERB | V3SAMI--- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 9 Κόρη | acl:relcl | high | Relative-clause verb; implicit subject is ἡ Κόρη and object is τὸν λίθον. |
| 8 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-S---NF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 Κόρη | det | high | |
| 9 | Κόρη | κόρη | PROPN | N-S---NF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἀνείλετο | nsubj | high | Divine name used as proper name. |
| 10 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-S---AM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 λίθον | det | high | |
| 11 | λίθον | λίθος | NOUN | N-S---AM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀνείλετο | obj | high | |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 ὀνομασθῆναι | cc | high | Coordinates the second infinitive with the first. |
| 13 | ὀνομασθῆναι | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V--APN- | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 18 λέγουσιν | conj | high | Second coordinated infinitive governed by λέγουσιν. |
| 14 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-S---AM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ποταμὸν | det | high | |
| 15 | ποταμὸν | ποταμός | NOUN | N-S---AM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ὀνομασθῆναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the passive infinitive. |
| 16 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | AdpType=Prep | 17 τούτῳ | case | high | Takes the dative τούτῳ. |
| 17 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | PRON | P-D---NS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 18 λέγουσιν | obl | high | Dative complement of ἐπί; refers to the preceding event. |
| 18 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V3PPI--- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 19 | Ἕρκυναν | Ἕρκυνα | PROPN | N-S---AF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ὀνομασθῆναι | xcomp | medium | Predicate accusative/name complement with passive ὀνομασθῆναι; the river is said to have been named Ἕρκυναν. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 λέγουσιν | punct | high |