Grammar parses for passage 9.39.4
Open translation for this passage
τὰ δὲ ἐπιφανέστατα ἐν τῷ ἄλσει Τροφωνίου ναὸς καὶ ἄγαλμά ἐστιν, Ἀσκληπιῷ καὶ τοῦτο εἰκασμένον· Πραξιτέλης δὲ ἐποίησε τὸ ἄγαλμα.
The first clause has a coordinated nominal subject/predicate around ἐστιν; εἰκασμένον is a neuter perfect passive participle referring especially to the statue (ἄγαλμα), with Ἀσκληπιῷ as its dative complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | article-ACC-NEUT-PL | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 ἐπιφανέστατα | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ναὸς | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐπιφανέστατα | ἐπιφανής | ADJ | ADJ-ACC-NEUT-SUP-PL | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 ναὸς | amod | high | Substantivized neuter plural, object of ἐστιν. |
| 4 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 ἄλσει | case | high | |
| 5 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | article-DAT-MASC-SING | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἄλσει | det | high | |
| 6 | ἄλσει | ἄλσος | NOUN | NOUN-DAT-NEUT-SING | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ναὸς | obl | high | Locative dative within ἐν-phrase. |
| 7 | Τροφωνίου | Τροφώνιος | PROPN | PROPN-GEN-MASC-SING | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἄλσει | nmod | high | Possessive/genitival modifier of ἄλσει. |
| 8 | ναὸς | ναός | NOUN | NOUN-NOM-MASC-SING | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | First nominative member of the predicate nominal coordination. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ἄγαλμά | cc | high | |
| 10 | ἄγαλμά | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | NOUN-NOM-ACC-NEUT-SING | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ναὸς | conj | medium | Coordinated second predicate-nominal subject; accentuation does not resolve form identity. |
| 11 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PRES-ACT-IND-3SG | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 13 | Ἀσκληπιῷ | Ἀσκληπιός | PROPN | PROPN-DAT-MASC-SING | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 εἰκασμένον | obl | high | Dative of reference/object of likeness. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 εἰκασμένον | cc | high | |
| 15 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | PRON-NOM-ACC-NEUT-SING | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 16 εἰκασμένον | nsubj:pass | medium | Neuter demonstrative, referring to ἄγαλμα. |
| 16 | εἰκασμένον | εἰκάζω | VERB | V-PERF-PASS-PPL-NOM-ACC-NEUT-SING | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 8 ναὸς | acl | medium | Supplementary/passive participial clause: 'likened to Asclepius'; attachment to the statue phrase is elliptical. |
| 17 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 18 | Πραξιτέλης | Πραξιτέλης | PROPN | PROPN-NOM-MASC-SING | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἐποίησε | nsubj | high | |
| 19 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 ἐποίησε | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 20 | ἐποίησε | ποιέω | VERB | V-AOR-ACT-IND-3SG | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 11 ἐστιν | parataxis | high | Independent clause after the punctuation. |
| 21 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | article-ACC-NEUT-SING | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 ἄγαλμα | det | high | |
| 22 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | NOUN-ACC-NEUT-SING | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 ἐποίησε | obj | high | |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἐποίησε | punct | high |
ἔστι δὲ καὶ Δήμητρος ἱερὸν ἐπίκλησιν Εὐρώπης καὶ Ζεὺς Ὑέτιος ἐν ὑπαίθρῳ.
Existential ἔστι has coordinated nominal predicates: ἱερόν (with genitive Δήμητρος and appositional/epithet phrase ἐπίκλησιν Εὐρώπης) and Ζεὺς Ὑέτιος; ἐν ὑπαίθρῳ modifies the second predicate. The accusative ἐπίκλησιν is syntactically unusual and may reflect an elliptical or textual construction.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔστι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ἱερὸν | cc | medium | Coordinative καί; scope may extend over the nominal predicates. |
| 4 | Δήμητρος | Δήμητρα | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἱερόν. |
| 5 | ἱερὸν | ἱερός | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | nsubj | high | Neuter nominative predicate/subject of existential ἔστι. |
| 6 | ἐπίκλησιν | ἐπίκλησις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἱερὸν | appos | low | Accusative form is syntactically irregular here; probably an appositional or elliptical expression, possibly textual variation. |
| 7 | Εὐρώπης | Εὐρώπη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἐπίκλησιν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἐπίκλησιν. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 Ζεὺς | cc | high | Coordinates the following nominal predicate with ἱερόν. |
| 9 | Ζεὺς | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | conj | high | Coordinated nominative nominal predicate/subject. |
| 10 | Ὑέτιος | Ὑέτιος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Ζεὺς | amod | high | Epithet agreeing with Ζεύς. |
| 11 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 12 ὑπαίθρῳ | case | high | Introduces the locative phrase. |
| 12 | ὑπαίθρῳ | ὕπαιθρος | ADJ | A-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 Ζεὺς | obl | high | Substantivized neuter adjective, location of Ζεὺς Ὑέτιος. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἀναβᾶσι δὲ ἐπὶ τὸ μαντεῖον καὶ αὐτόθεν ἰοῦσιν ἐς τὸ πρόσω τοῦ ὄρους, Κόρης ἐστὶ καλουμένη θήρα καὶ Διὸς Βασιλέως ναός.
The sentence has a fronted dative plural participial frame (ἀναβᾶσι ... ἰοῦσιν) leading to the locative/predicative clause Κόρης ... θήρα; καλουμένη agrees with θήρα, while Διὸς Βασιλέως is a genitive complement of ναός.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀναβᾶσι | ἀναβαίνω | VERB | V-2AorPtcp-DatPl | Case=Dative|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 8 ἰοῦσιν | advcl | high | Aorist active participle, dative plural, coordinated semantically with ἰοῦσιν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ἰοῦσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 μαντεῖον | case | high | With accusative τὸ μαντεῖον. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 5 μαντεῖον | det | high | |
| 5 | μαντεῖον | μαντεῖον | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 1 ἀναβᾶσι | obl | high | |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ἰοῦσιν | cc | high | Coordinates the two participial actions. |
| 7 | αὐτόθεν | αὐτόθεν | ADV | ADV | _ | 8 ἰοῦσιν | advmod | high | Adverb meaning ‘from there/on the spot’. |
| 8 | ἰοῦσιν | εἶμι | VERB | V-PresActPtcp-DatPl | Case=Dative|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 16 ἐστὶ | advcl | high | Present active participle, dative plural; governs the coordinated directional phrase. |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 πρόσω | case | high | With accusative τὸ πρόσω. |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 11 πρόσω | det | high | |
| 11 | πρόσω | πρόσω | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 8 ἰοῦσιν | obl | high | Substantivized neuter noun/adverbial accusative, ‘frontward part’. |
| 12 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 13 ὄρους | det | high | |
| 13 | ὄρους | ὄρος | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 11 πρόσω | nmod | high | |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 16 ἐστὶ | punct | high | |
| 15 | Κόρης | Κόρη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 18 θήρα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on θήρα: ‘of Kore’. |
| 16 | ἐστὶ | εἰμί | VERB | V-PresAct-Ind-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 17 | καλουμένη | καλέω | VERB | V-PresMidPtcp-NomSgF | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Present|Voice=Middle | 18 θήρα | acl | high | Middle/passive participle, agreeing with θήρα; passive sense ‘called’. |
| 18 | θήρα | θήρα | NOUN | N-N이F | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 16 ἐστὶ | nsubj | high | Predicate nominal subject, ‘a hunting ground’ or place-name. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 ναός | cc | high | Coordinates ναός with the preceding nominal description. |
| 20 | Διὸς | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 22 ναός | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ναός. |
| 21 | Βασιλέως | Βασιλεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 20 Διὸς | flat | medium | Epithet in apposition/coordination with Διός; exact internal attachment is uncertain. |
| 22 | ναός | ναός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 16 ἐστὶ | conj | high | Second nominative predicate coordinated with θήρα. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 16 ἐστὶ | punct | high |
τοῦτον μὲν δὴ διὰ τὸ μέγεθος ἢ καὶ τῶν πολέμων τὸ ἀλλεπάλληλον ἀφείκασιν ἡμίεργον·
The sentence has an elliptical/substantivized neuter alternative: διὰ τὸ μέγεθος ἢ τὸ ἀλλεπάλληλον τῶν πολέμων; καί intensifies the second alternative.】【。
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | PRON | PD-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 13 ἀφείκασιν | obj | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G- | _ | 13 ἀφείκασιν | discourse | high | |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | G- | _ | 13 ἀφείκασιν | discourse | high | |
| 4 | διὰ | διά | ADP | P-GEN | AdpType=Prep | 6 μέγεθος | case | high | |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 μέγεθος | det | high | |
| 6 | μέγεθος | μέγεθος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἀφείκασιν | obl | high | Prepositional causal phrase. |
| 7 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | G- | _ | 10 πολέμων | cc | high | |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | ADV | D- | _ | 12 ἀλλεπάλληλον | advmod | medium | Scalar/additive καί within the alternative phrase. |
| 9 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 πολέμων | det | high | |
| 10 | πολέμων | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἀλλεπάλληλον | obl | high | Genitive dependent on ἀλλεπάλληλον, ‘succession of wars’. |
| 11 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 ἀλλεπάλληλον | det | high | |
| 12 | ἀλλεπάλληλον | ἀλλεπάλληλος | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἀφείκασιν | obl | medium | Substantivized neuter adjective, coordinated alternative with μέγεθος; genitive τῶν πολέμων is dependent on it. |
| 13 | ἀφείκασιν | ἀφίημι | VERB | V-RAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Form is morphologically ambiguous in isolation; interpreted here as aorist active indicative 3pl, ‘they left/relinquished’. |
| 14 | ἡμίεργον | ἡμίεργος | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἀφείκασιν | xcomp | high | Predicative accusative complement of ἀφείκασιν. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἀφείκασιν | punct | high |
ἐν δὲ ἑτέρῳ ναῷ Κρόνου καὶ Ἥρας καὶ Διός ἐστιν ἀγάλματα.
Existential εἰμί has the neuter plural subject ἀγάλματα; the genitives Κρόνου, Ἥρας, Διός depend on ἀγάλματα, specifying whose statues they are. ἐν ναῷ is a locative phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 4 ναῷ | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ἐστιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἑτέρῳ | ἕτερος | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ναῷ | amod | high | |
| 4 | ναῷ | ναός | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἐστιν | obl | high | Object of ἐν; locative setting. |
| 5 | Κρόνου | Κρόνος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἀγάλματα | nmod | high | |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 Ἥρας | cc | high | |
| 7 | Ἥρας | Ἥρα | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 Κρόνου | conj | high | Coordinated genitive deity name. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 Διός | cc | high | |
| 9 | Διός | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Κρόνου | conj | high | Genitive suppletive form of Ζεύς. |
| 10 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/copular verb; singular agrees with the construction rather than neuter plural subject. |
| 11 | ἀγάλματα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐστιν | punct | high |
ἔστι δὲ καὶ Ἀπόλλωνος ἱερόν.
Existential/copular clause: ἱερόν is the neuter predicate nominal, with Ἀπόλλωνος as a genitive dependent (‘a sanctuary of Apollo’); the subject is implicit or existentially unexpressed.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/copular verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔστι | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | ADV | ADV | _ | 1 ἔστι | advmod | high | Additive adverbial use (‘also’). |
| 4 | Ἀπόλλωνος | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | N- GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἱερόν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἱερόν, expressing dedication/association. |
| 5 | ἱερόν | ἱερός | NOUN | A-NNS | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | xcomp | high | Neuter predicate adjective used substantivally (‘sanctuary’). |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high |