Grammar parses for passage 9.40.10
Open translation for this passage
προσιόντων δὲ τῇ πόλει πολυάνδριον Θηβαίων ἐστὶν ἐν τῷ πρὸς Φίλιππον ἀγῶνι ἀποθανόντων.
The clause begins with a genitive absolute/proleptic genitive phrase; the main clause is copular with πολυάνδριον as subject and a locative ἐν-phrase specifying the context.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | προσιόντων | πρόσειμι | VERB | PAP-PGPM | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 πολυάνδριον | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle with δὲ and τῇ πόλει. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 προσιόντων | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-DSF | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 πόλει | det | high | Article modifying πόλει. |
| 4 | πόλει | πόλις | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 προσιόντων | obl | high | Dative with προσιόντων. |
| 5 | πολυάνδριον | πολυάνδριον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστὶν | nsubj | medium | Likely subject of ἐστὶν; nominative neuter singular. |
| 6 | Θηβαίων | Θηβαῖος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 πολυάνδριον | nmod | high | Attributive genitive modifying πολυάνδριον. |
| 7 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular main predicate. |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 12 ἀγῶνι | case | high | Preposition governing τῷ ἀγῶνι phrase. |
| 9 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L-DSM | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 ἀγῶνι | det | high | Article modifying ἀγῶνι. |
| 10 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R | _ | 11 Φίλιππον | case | high | Preposition with Φίλιππον. |
| 11 | Φίλιππον | Φίλιππος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἀγῶνι | obl | high | Object of πρὸς. |
| 12 | ἀγῶνι | ἀγών | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστὶν | obl | high | Oblique within ἐν-phrase. |
| 13 | ἀποθανόντων | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | PAP-PGPM | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 πολυάνδριον | amod | high | Genitive participle agreeing with implied Θηβαίων, or loose genitive absolute complementing the main clause. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐστὶν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἐπιγέγραπται μὲν δὴ ἐπίγραμμα οὐδέν, ἐπίθημα δʼ ἔπεστιν αὐτῷ λέων· φέροι δʼ ἂν ἐς τῶν ἀνδρῶν μάλιστα τὸν θυμόν·
Three coordinated predicates share the same descriptive subject matter; the second clause has an appositive/predicative nominative λέων, and the final optative phrase is potential ('would especially move the mind of the men').
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπιγέγραπται | ἐπιγράφω | VERB | V-PPP-3S | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Ptcl | _ | 1 ἐπιγέγραπται | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | Ptcl | _ | 1 ἐπιγέγραπται | discourse | high | Enclitic particle. |
| 4 | ἐπίγραμμα | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | N-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἐπιγέγραπται | nsubj:pass | high | Passive subject. |
| 5 | οὐδέν | οὐδείς | DET | A-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἐπίγραμμα | det | medium | Used substantively/quantifying the noun phrase; could also be adjective-like. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐπιγέγραπται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 7 | ἐπίθημα | ἐπίθημα | NOUN | N-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἔπεστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔπεστιν. |
| 8 | δʼ | δέ | PART | Ptcl | _ | 9 ἔπεστιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 9 | ἔπεστιν | ἔπειμι | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 1 ἐπιγέγραπται | conj | medium | Coordinated with the first predicate. |
| 10 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-S---DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 9 ἔπεστιν | iobj | high | Dative with ἔπεστιν. |
| 11 | λέων | λέων | NOUN | N-S---NS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἔπεστιν | nsubj | high | Appositional predication: 'a lion'. |
| 12 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔπεστιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 13 | φέροι | φέρω | VERB | V-PAO-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 1 ἐπιγέγραπται | conj | high | Optative of potential, coordinated with the prior predication. |
| 14 | δʼ | δέ | PART | Ptcl | _ | 13 φέροι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 15 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | Ptcl | _ | 13 φέροι | advmod | high | Potential particle. |
| 16 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | Prep | _ | 13 φέροι | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive in epic/poetic usage? here with genitive form as transmitted. |
| 17 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | A-P---GM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 18 ἀνδρῶν | det | high | Article. |
| 18 | ἀνδρῶν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-P---GM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἐς | obl | high | Object of preposition ἐς. |
| 19 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D---------- | _ | 13 φέροι | advmod | high | Degree adverb. |
| 20 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | A-S---AM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 θυμόν | det | high | Article. |
| 21 | θυμόν | θυμός | NOUN | N-S---AM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 φέροι | obj | high | Direct object of φέροι. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 φέροι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ἐπίγραμμα δὲ ἄπεστιν ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν ὅτι οὐδὲ ἐοικότα τῇ τόλμῃ σφίσι τὰ ἐκ τοῦ δαίμονος ἠκολούθησε.
The syntax is somewhat compressed: ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν likely depends on ἄπεστιν, and the ὅτι-clause appears to be the complement of δοκεῖν/its reported content.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπίγραμμα | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἄπεστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἄπεστιν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 3 ἄπεστιν | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | ἄπεστιν | ἄπειμι | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 4 | ἐμοὶ | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1DS | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1 | 5 δοκεῖν | nsubj | medium | Likely subject of δοκεῖν in indirect statement style. |
| 5 | δοκεῖν | δοκέω | VERB | V-PNA | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 3 ἄπεστιν | xcomp | high | Complement of ἄπεστιν. |
| 6 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | _ | _ | 16 ἠκολούθησε | mark | high | Introduces content clause. |
| 7 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | PART | _ | _ | 8 ἐοικότα | advmod | high | Negating connective adverb/particle. |
| 8 | ἐοικότα | ἔοικα | VERB | V-RAP-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 16 ἠκολούθησε | xcomp | medium | Participial complement; agreement is somewhat uncertain. |
| 9 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 τόλμῃ | det | high | Article with τόλμῃ. |
| 10 | τόλμῃ | τόλμα | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐοικότα | obl | high | Dative complement of ἐοικότα. |
| 11 | σφίσι | σφεῖς | PRON | P-3DP | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 8 ἐοικότα | iobj | high | Dative of reference/interest. |
| 12 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 16 ἠκολούθησε | obj | medium | Likely substantivizing article for an understood noun. |
| 13 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R | _ | 15 δαίμονος | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 14 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 δαίμονος | det | high | Article with δαίμονος. |
| 15 | δαίμονος | δαίμων | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 τὰ | nmod | high | Dependent of the substantivized article τὰ in the prepositional phrase. |
| 16 | ἠκολούθησε | ἀκολουθέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 6 ὅτι | ccomp | high | Content clause predicate. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἄπεστιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |