Grammar parses for passage 9.40.2
Open translation for this passage
ὡς δὲ ἐς τὴν Λεβάδειαν ἐλθόντες οὐκ ἐδύναντο εὑρεῖν τὸ μαντεῖον, ἐνταῦθα τῶν ἐξ Ἀκραιφνίου πόλεως Σάων---οὗτος δὲ ἦν καὶ ἡλικίᾳ τῶν θεωρῶν πρεσβύτατος---εἶδεν ἑσμὸν μελισσῶν,
ὡς introduces a temporal/subordinate clause; ἐνταῦθα resumes the main clause, whose subject is Σάων and verb εἶδεν. The dashes are treated as punctuation delimiting the parenthetical οὗτος...πρεσβύτατος; ἐξ Ἀκραιφνίου πόλεως modifies Σάων, with πόλεως in apposition to the place name. Confidence is lower for the exact attachment of ἐνταῦθα and the parenthetical comparison phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C | _ | 6 ἐλθόντες | mark | high | Temporal/concessive subordinating conjunction. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 8 ἐδύναντο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 5 Λεβάδειαν | case | high | Directional preposition. |
| 4 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 Λεβάδειαν | det | high | |
| 5 | Λεβάδειαν | Λεβάδεια | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἐλθόντες | obl | high | Goal of motion. |
| 6 | ἐλθόντες | ἔρχομαι | VERB | VAAP-PNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 ἐδύναντο | advcl | high | Aorist participle, subject coreferential with understood subject of ἐδύναντο. |
| 7 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D | Polarity=Neg | 8 ἐδύναντο | advmod | high | |
| 8 | ἐδύναντο | δύναμαι | VERB | V3PIIM | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 33 εἶδεν | advcl | high | Finite verb of the ὡς-clause. |
| 9 | εὑρεῖν | εὑρίσκω | VERB | VAAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 8 ἐδύναντο | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive. |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 μαντεῖον | det | high | |
| 11 | μαντεῖον | μαντεῖον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 εὑρεῖν | obj | high | Object of εὑρεῖν. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐδύναντο | punct | high | |
| 13 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D | _ | 33 εἶδεν | advmod | medium | Resumptive adverb; exact scope is somewhat uncertain. |
| 14 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RG-PGN | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 πόλεως | det | high | |
| 15 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R | _ | 16 Ἀκραιφνίου | case | high | |
| 16 | Ἀκραιφνίου | Ἀκραιφνίον | PROPN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 πόλεως | nmod | high | Place name governed by ἐξ. |
| 17 | πόλεως | πόλις | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 Σάων | nmod | medium | Genitive place expression in apposition/modification to Σάων. |
| 18 | Σάων | Σάων | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 εἶδεν | nsubj | high | Subject of εἶδεν. |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 οὗτος | punct | medium | Dash opening parenthetical. |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 οὗτος | punct | medium | Dash opening parenthetical. |
| 21 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 οὗτος | punct | medium | Dash opening parenthetical. |
| 22 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | RD-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 24 ἦν | nsubj | high | Subject of parenthetical ἦν. |
| 23 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 24 ἦν | cc | high | Connective within parenthesis. |
| 24 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SIIA | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 29 πρεσβύτατος | cop | high | Copula with πρεσβύτατος. |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 26 ἡλικίᾳ | cc | high | Coordinates the respect phrase. |
| 26 | ἡλικίᾳ | ἡλικία | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 πρεσβύτατος | obl | high | Dative of respect: in age. |
| 27 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RG-PGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 28 θεωρῶν | det | high | |
| 28 | θεωρῶν | θεωρός | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 26 ἡλικίᾳ | nmod | high | Genitive of comparison/reference. |
| 29 | πρεσβύτατος | πρέσβυς | ADJ | A-NSMS | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 ἦν | xcomp | high | Predicate superlative. |
| 30 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 οὗτος | punct | medium | Dash closing parenthetical. |
| 31 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 οὗτος | punct | medium | Dash closing parenthetical. |
| 32 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 οὗτος | punct | medium | Dash closing parenthetical. |
| 33 | εἶδεν | ὁράω | VERB | V3SIAA | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main-clause predicate. |
| 34 | ἑσμὸν | ἑσμός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 εἶδεν | obj | high | Object of εἶδεν. |
| 35 | μελισσῶν | μέλισσα | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 34 ἑσμὸν | nmod | high | Genitive of content/specification. |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 33 εἶδεν | punct | high |
καὶ παρέστη οἱ, ὅποι ποτʼ ἂν ἀποτράπωνται, καὶ αὐτὸς ἕπεσθαι.
The syntax is elliptical: παρέστη likely means that it occurred to him/was fitting, with οἱ as a dative experiencer and ἕπεσθαι as the infinitival complement; ὅποι ποτʼ ἂν ἀποτράπωνται is an indefinite relative-direction clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 2 παρέστη | cc | high | |
| 2 | παρέστη | παρίστημι | VERB | V-3-SAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Aorist active form; construed impersonally or with οἱ as dative experiencer. |
| 3 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P-3DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 2 παρέστη | iobj | medium | Dative pronoun, likely ethical/experiencer dative; formally identical with article. |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 παρέστη | punct | high | |
| 5 | ὅποι | ὅποι | ADV | D- | PronType=Rel | 8 ἀποτράπωνται | advmod | medium | Relative-direction adverb, introducing the dependent clause. |
| 6 | ποτʼ | ποτε | PART | _ | _ | 5 ὅποι | advmod | high | Enclitic indefinite particle. |
| 7 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | _ | _ | 8 ἀποτράπωνται | aux | high | Modal particle with subjunctive. |
| 8 | ἀποτράπωνται | ἀποτρέπω | VERB | V-3-PMS | Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 2 παρέστη | advcl | medium | Subjunctive in a relative/indefinite clause; middle voice. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἀποτράπωνται | punct | high | |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 12 ἕπεσθαι | cc | high | |
| 11 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | P-3NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 12 ἕπεσθαι | nsubj | high | Intensive pronoun, subject of the infinitive. |
| 12 | ἕπεσθαι | ἕπομαι | VERB | V-PMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 2 παρέστη | xcomp | high | Complementary present middle infinitive after παρέστη. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 παρέστη | punct | high |
αὐτίκα δὴ τὰς μελίσσας ἐς τοῦτο ἐσπετομένας ὁρᾷ τῆς γῆς, καὶ συνεσῆλθέ σφισιν ἐς τὸ μαντεῖον.
The first clause has an accusative subject τὰς μελίσσας with participle ἐσπετομένας, and ὁρᾷ takes the bees as its object; τῆς γῆς is a genitive of separation/source with ἐσπετομένας. In the second clause, σφισιν is dative accompaniment/association with συνεσῆλθε, and ἐς τὸ μαντεῖον is the goal.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | αὐτίκα | αὐτίκα | ADV | D0 | _ | 8 ὁρᾷ | advmod | high | |
| 2 | δὴ | δή | PART | X | _ | 8 ὁρᾷ | discourse | high | Particle with emphatic/narrative force. |
| 3 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | RA---AF-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 μελίσσας | det | high | |
| 4 | μελίσσας | μέλισσα | NOUN | N-AF-P- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 ὁρᾷ | obj | high | Accusative object of ὁρᾷ; also accusative subject of the participle. |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 6 τοῦτο | case | high | |
| 6 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | RD----NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἐσπετομένας | obl | high | Goal/direction complement of ἐσπετομένας. |
| 7 | ἐσπετομένας | εἰσπέτομαι | VERB | V-PNP-AF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 4 μελίσσας | acl | medium | Accusative feminine plural middle participle agreeing with τὰς μελίσσας; form and lexical analysis are somewhat uncertain. |
| 8 | ὁρᾷ | ὁράω | VERB | V-PAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA---GF-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 γῆς | det | high | |
| 10 | γῆς | γῆ | NOUN | N-GF-S- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐσπετομένας | obl | medium | Genitive of source/separation with ἐσπετομένας. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ὁρᾷ | punct | high | |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 13 συνεσῆλθέ | cc | high | |
| 13 | συνεσῆλθέ | συνέρχομαι | VERB | V-AAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 8 ὁρᾷ | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb; final accent reflects following enclitic. |
| 14 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | RP---PD-P | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 13 συνεσῆλθέ | obl | medium | Dative personal pronoun, likely associative/accompanying. |
| 15 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 17 μαντεῖον | case | high | |
| 16 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA---NA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 μαντεῖον | det | high | |
| 17 | μαντεῖον | μαντεῖον | NOUN | N-NA-S- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 συνεσῆλθέ | obl | high | Goal of motion. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ὁρᾷ | punct | high |
τοῦτον τὸν Σάωνα καὶ τὴν ἱερουργίαν τὴν καθεστηκυῖαν, καὶ ὁπόσα περὶ τὸ χρηστήριον δρῶσιν ἄλλα, διδαχθῆναι παρὰ τοῦ Τροφωνίου φασίν.
The coordinated accusative phrases are subjects of the infinitive διδαχθῆναι in reported speech governed by φασίν; ὁπόσα ... ἄλλα is an additional accusative object-like relative phrase, with δρῶσιν as its finite verb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | DET | PD-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 3 Σάωνα | det | high | |
| 2 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 Σάωνα | det | high | |
| 3 | Σάωνα | Σάων | PROPN | NE-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 διδαχθῆναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the passive infinitive. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 ἱερουργίαν | cc | high | |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ἱερουργίαν | det | high | |
| 6 | ἱερουργίαν | ἱερουργία | NOUN | NB-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 διδαχθῆναι | nsubj | high | Coordinated accusative subject of διδαχθῆναι. |
| 7 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 καθεστηκυῖαν | det | high | |
| 8 | καθεστηκυῖαν | καθίστημι | VERB | V-RAP-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 ἱερουργίαν | amod | high | Perfect active participle agreeing with ἱερουργίαν. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἱερουργίαν | punct | high | |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 ἄλλα | cc | high | |
| 11 | ὁπόσα | ὁπόσος | PRON | PX-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 15 δρῶσιν | obj | medium | Free/relative quantifier; coordinated with ἄλλα as the content of what is done. |
| 12 | περὶ | περί | ADP | P-------- | _ | 14 χρηστήριον | case | high | |
| 13 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 χρηστήριον | det | high | |
| 14 | χρηστήριον | χρηστήριον | NOUN | NB-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 δρῶσιν | obl | high | Object of περί. |
| 15 | δρῶσιν | δράω | VERB | V-PIA-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 16 ἄλλα | acl:relcl | medium | Finite verb of the relative/quantifying clause; subject is implicit. |
| 16 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | PRON | PX-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Ind | 18 διδαχθῆναι | nsubj | medium | Accusative subject-like coordinated phrase of διδαχθῆναι; ἄλλα agrees with ὁπόσα. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἄλλα | punct | high | |
| 18 | διδαχθῆναι | διδάσκω | VERB | V-ANP | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 22 φασίν | ccomp | high | Infinitive in reported speech. |
| 19 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | P-------- | _ | 21 Τροφωνίου | case | high | |
| 20 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 Τροφωνίου | det | high | |
| 21 | Τροφωνίου | Τροφώνιος | PROPN | NE-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 διδαχθῆναι | obl:agent | high | Agent of the passive infinitive with παρά + genitive. |
| 22 | φασίν | φημί | VERB | V-PIA-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 φασίν | punct | high |