Grammar parses for passage 9.40.3
Open translation for this passage
Δαιδάλου δὲ τῶν ἔργων δύο μὲν ταῦτά ἐστιν ἐν Βοιωτοῖς, Ἡρακλῆς τε ἐν Θήβαις καὶ παρὰ Λεβαδεῦσιν ὁ Τροφώνιος,
The genitive phrase Δαιδάλου τῶν ἔργων is an associated genitive specifying the works of Daedalus; ταῦτα is the subject of ἐστιν, with δύο as a predicative numeral, and the following coordinated nominatives identify the two works. The final ὁ Τροφώνιος is appositional to the understood second item, with παρὰ Λεβαδεῦσιν indicating location among the Lebadeans.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Δαιδάλου | Δαίδαλος | PROPN | N--GM-S-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἔργων | nmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 ἐστιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-GP-N-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ἔργων | det | high | |
| 4 | ἔργων | ἔργον | NOUN | N-GP-N-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 ἐστιν | nmod | medium | Genitive phrase associated with the subject/predicate of ἐστιν. |
| 5 | δύο | δύο | NUM | M-------- | Case=Nom|Number=Plur | 8 ἐστιν | nsubj | medium | Numeral functioning substantivally as the counted subject, with ταῦτα specifying the items. |
| 6 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 5 δύο | discourse | high | Correlative μέν; corresponding δέ is earlier. |
| 7 | ταῦτά | οὗτος | PRON | RD-NPA--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 ἐστιν | nsubj | medium | Neuter plural nominative; agreement with the understood neuter plural works. |
| 8 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 Βοιωτοῖς | case | high | |
| 10 | Βοιωτοῖς | Βοιωτός | PROPN | N-DP-M-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἐστιν | obl | high | Locative dative governed by ἐν. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 12 | Ἡρακλῆς | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N--NS--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστιν | appos | medium | First named work/item, with an omitted or contextually supplied predicate. |
| 13 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 Ἡρακλῆς | cc | high | Coordinates the two named items. |
| 14 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 Θήβαις | case | high | |
| 15 | Θήβαις | Θῆβαι | PROPN | N-DP-F-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 Ἡρακλῆς | obl | high | Locative dative governed by ἐν. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 20 Τροφώνιος | cc | high | Coordinates the second named item with the first. |
| 17 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 Λεβαδεῦσιν | case | high | With dative, indicates location among/with. |
| 18 | Λεβαδεῦσιν | Λεβαδεύς | PROPN | N-DP-M-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 Τροφώνιος | obl | high | Dative plural of the ethnic name. |
| 19 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L-NMS--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 Τροφώνιος | det | high | |
| 20 | Τροφώνιος | Τροφώνιος | PROPN | N--NS--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Ἡρακλῆς | conj | medium | Second named item coordinated with Ἡρακλῆς; article retained with the proper name. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐστιν | punct | high |
τοσαῦτα δὲ ἕτερα ξόανα ἐν Κρήτῃ, Βριτόμαρτις ἐν Ὀλοῦντι καὶ Ἀθηνᾶ παρὰ Κνωσσίοις·
Elliptical continuation: τοσαῦτα ... ξόανα is the accusative object of an understood verb; the two following place/name groups specify additional images. παρὰ Κνωσσίοις is locative ‘among/at the Cnossians’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοσαῦτα | τοσοῦτος | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ξόανα | amod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 4 ξόανα | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἕτερα | ἕτερος | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ξόανα | amod | high | |
| 4 | ξόανα | ξόανον | NOUN | N-PNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Root of an elliptical nominal continuation; an understood verb is omitted. |
| 5 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P---- | _ | 6 Κρήτῃ | case | high | |
| 6 | Κρήτῃ | Κρήτη | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ξόανα | obl | high | Locative complement of the elliptical clause. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ξόανα | punct | high | |
| 8 | Βριτόμαρτις | Βριτόμαρτις | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ξόανα | parataxis | medium | Named additional subject/item in an elliptical nominal list. |
| 9 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P---- | _ | 10 Ὀλοῦντι | case | high | |
| 10 | Ὀλοῦντι | Ὀλοῦς | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Βριτόμαρτις | obl | high | Place name; dative after ἐν. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 8 Βριτόμαρτις | cc | high | |
| 12 | Ἀθηνᾶ | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 Βριτόμαρτις | conj | high | Coordinated named item. |
| 13 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | P---- | _ | 14 Κνωσσίοις | case | high | |
| 14 | Κνωσσίοις | Κνωσσιεύς | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 Ἀθηνᾶ | obl | medium | Ethnic name used substantivally; dative with παρά in the sense ‘among/at’. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ξόανα | punct | high |
παρὰ τούτοις δὲ καὶ ὁ τῆς Ἀριάδνης χορός, οὗ καὶ Ὅμηρος ἐν Ἰλιάδι μνήμην ἐποιήσατο, ἐπειργασμένος ἐστὶν ἐπὶ λευκοῦ λίθου.
The subject is ὁ ... χορός, with ἐπειργασμένος ἐστίν as a periphrastic perfect passive predicate; οὗ is a relative genitive referring to the chorus, and ἐποιήσατο takes μνήμην as object. The exact semantic scope of παρὰ τούτοις and the participial construction is syntactically clear, though the perfect participle form is lexically somewhat rare.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | PRA | AdpType=Prep | 8 χορός | case | high | Preposition governing the dative τούτοις. |
| 2 | τούτοις | οὗτος | PRON | PD-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 1 παρὰ | obl | high | Dative complement of παρά. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 χορός | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 χορός | cc | high | Coordinates this subject/predicate statement with preceding discourse. |
| 5 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 χορός | det | high | Article with χορός. |
| 6 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA--GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 Ἀριάδνης | det | high | Article with the proper name Ἀριάδνης. |
| 7 | Ἀριάδνης | Ἀριάδνη | PROPN | NE--GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|NameType=Giv|Number=Sing | 8 χορός | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on χορός. |
| 8 | χορός | χορός | NOUN | N--SMS-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Subject of the periphrastic passive predicate ἐπειργασμένος ἐστίν. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 χορός | punct | high | |
| 10 | οὗ | ὅς | PRON | PR--GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 16 ἐποιήσατο | obj | medium | Relative genitive, likely partitive/object-like with μνήμην ἐποιήσατο (‘made mention of which’). |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 Ὅμηρος | advmod | medium | Adverbial καί (‘also’) modifying the relative-clause predicate. |
| 12 | Ὅμηρος | Ὅμηρος | PROPN | NE--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|NameType=Giv|Number=Sing | 16 ἐποιήσατο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐποιήσατο. |
| 13 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P------ | AdpType=Prep | 14 Ἰλιάδι | case | high | Preposition governing the dative Ἰλιάδι. |
| 14 | Ἰλιάδι | Ἰλιάς | PROPN | NE--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|NameType=Produc|Number=Sing | 16 ἐποιήσατο | obl | high | Dative complement of ἐν, the work in which Homer mentioned it. |
| 15 | μνήμην | μνήμη | NOUN | N--SFA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἐποιήσατο | obj | high | Object in the idiom μνήμην ποιεῖσθαι, ‘make mention’. |
| 16 | ἐποιήσατο | ποιέω | VERB | V-AMI-3S- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 8 χορός | acl:relcl | high | Aorist middle predicate of the relative clause; the form is morphologically aorist, despite the supplied xpos ambiguity. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἐποιήσατο | punct | high | |
| 18 | ἐπειργασμένος | ἐπεργάζομαι | VERB | V-RMP-NSM- | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 19 ἐστὶν | xcomp | high | Perfect passive participle, coordinated in a periphrastic perfect with ἐστίν. |
| 19 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | VSPAI3-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite auxiliary forming the periphrastic perfect passive predicate. |
| 20 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P------ | AdpType=Prep | 22 λίθου | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive phrase λευκοῦ λίθου. |
| 21 | λευκοῦ | λευκός | ADJ | A--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 λίθου | amod | high | Adjective modifying λίθου. |
| 22 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | N--GSM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἐπειργασμένος | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἐπί; material/support on which the image is worked. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἐστὶν | punct | high |
καὶ Δηλίοις Ἀφροδίτης ἐστὶν οὐ μέγα ξόανον, λελυμασμένον τὴν δεξιὰν χεῖρα ὑπὸ τοῦ χρόνου· κάτεισι δὲ ἀντὶ ποδῶν ἐς τετράγωνον σχῆμα.
The sentence has an existential/copular description: ξόανον is the subject, Δηλίοις is a dative of location/association, and Ἀφροδίτης is a genitive dependent on ξόανον. The participle λελυμασμένον is a nominative neuter supplementary description of the image, with τὴν δεξιὰν χεῖρα as its accusative object and ὑπό + genitive as the agent/cause. In the second clause, κάτεισι is coordinated, with ἀντὶ ποδῶν expressing replacement and ἐς τετράγωνον σχῆμα the resulting form.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | 下 | _ | 4 ἐστὶν | cc | high | |
| 2 | Δηλίοις | Δήλιος | PROPN | A--DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἐστὶν | obl | medium | Dative of location/association; substantivized plural ethnonym. |
| 3 | Ἀφροδίτης | Ἀφροδίτη | PROPN | Nbsgf | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ξόανον | nmod | high | |
| 4 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/copular finite verb. |
| 5 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 6 μέγα | advmod | high | |
| 6 | μέγα | μέγας | ADJ | A--NSN | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ξόανον | amod | high | Neuter nominative agreeing with ξόανον. |
| 7 | ξόανον | ξόανον | NOUN | Nbnsn | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 λελυμασμένον | punct | high | |
| 9 | λελυμασμένον | λυμαίνομαι | VERB | V--RPNAM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 7 ξόανον | acl | high | Perfect passive participle agreeing with ξόανον. |
| 10 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | P---ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 χεῖρα | det | high | |
| 11 | δεξιὰν | δεξιός | ADJ | A--ASF- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 χεῖρα | amod | high | |
| 12 | χεῖρα | χείρ | NOUN | Nbaf- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 λελυμασμένον | obj | high | |
| 13 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 χρόνου | case | high | |
| 14 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | P---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 χρόνου | det | high | |
| 15 | χρόνου | χρόνος | NOUN | Nbsgm | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 λελυμασμένον | obl:agent | high | Agent/cause of the passive participle. |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 κάτεισι | punct | high | |
| 17 | κάτεισι | κάτειμι | VERB | V3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 ἐστὶν | conj | high | Coordinated second finite clause; subject is implicit ξόανον. |
| 18 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 κάτεισι | cc | high | |
| 19 | ἀντὶ | ἀντί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 20 ποδῶν | case | high | |
| 20 | ποδῶν | πούς | NOUN | Nbpgm | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 κάτεισι | obl | high | Genitive governed by ἀντί. |
| 21 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 23 σχῆμα | case | high | |
| 22 | τετράγωνον | τετράγωνος | ADJ | A--ASN- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 σχῆμα | amod | high | |
| 23 | σχῆμα | σχῆμα | NOUN | Nbasn | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 κάτεισι | obl | high | Goal/result complement with εἰς. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 κάτεισι | punct | high |