Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 9.40.6

← 9.40.59.40.7 →

Passage 9.40.6

Open translation for this passage

4sentences parsed
70Greek tokens
2,960input tokens
5,482output tokens
Sentence 1

9.40.6 sentence 1

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Φύλας δʼ ὤπυιεν κούρην κλειτοῦ Ἰολάου † λειπεφιληνη ν εἶδος Ὀλυμπιάδεσσιν ὅμοιον,

The text contains a marked lacuna/corruption at † λειπεφιληνη ν; the main syntax is Φύλας as subject of ὤπυιεν, κούρην as object, with εἶδος ὅμοιον Ὀλυμπιάδεσσιν as an accusative comparison/predicative description of the girl. Analysis of the corrupted sequence is necessarily tentative.

punct xcomp nsubj nmod dep amod cc obj amod dep dep obl root 1 Φύλας Φύλας / PROPN 2 δʼ δέ / CCONJ 3 ὤπυιεν ὀπυίω / VERB 4 κούρην κούρη / NOUN 5 κλειτοῦ κλειτός / ADJ 6 Ἰολάου Ἰόλαος / PROPN 7 † / PUNCT 8 λειπεφιληνη λειπεφιληνη / X 9 ν ν / X 10 εἶδος εἶδος / NOUN 11 Ὀλυμπιάδεσσιν Ὀλυμπιάδης / PROPN 12 ὅμοιον ὅμοιος / ADJ 13 , , / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ΦύλαςΦύλαςPROPNN--MSNCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing3 ὤπυιενnsubjhigh
2δʼδέCCONJC--------_3 ὤπυιενcchighApodotic/continuative particle.
3ὤπυιενὀπυίωVERBV-3SAIAMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighEpic verb, ‘married/took as wife’.
4κούρηνκούρηNOUNN--FSACase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing3 ὤπυιενobjhigh
5κλειτοῦκλειτόςADJA--MSGCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing6 ἸολάουamodhighAttributive genitive modifying Ἰολάου.
6ἸολάουἸόλαοςPROPNN--MSGCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing4 κούρηνnmodhighPossessive/kinship genitive: daughter of Iolaus.
7PUNCT__8 λειπεφιληνηdeplowEditorial corruption or lacuna marker; syntactic function indeterminate.
8λειπεφιληνηλειπεφιληνηX__10 εἶδοςdeplowCorrupt or uninterpretable form; lemma retained as token string.
9ννX__10 εἶδοςdeplowPossibly an isolated or corrupt enclitic/letter; function indeterminate.
10εἶδοςεἶδοςNOUNN--NSACase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing4 κούρηνxcompmediumAccusative of respect or descriptive accusative, linked to ὅμοιον.
11ὈλυμπιάδεσσινὈλυμπιάδηςPROPNN--MDPCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur12 ὅμοιονoblmediumEpic dative plural; comparison target, ‘to/in the Olympiads’ or likely a name/group in the corrupt passage.
12ὅμοιονὅμοιοςADJA--NSACase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing10 εἶδοςamodhighAgrees with εἶδος.
13,,PUNCT__3 ὤπυιενpuncthigh
Sentence 2

9.40.6 sentence 2

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Ἱππότην δέ οἱ υἱὸν ἐνὶ μεγάροισιν ἔτικτεν Θηρώ τʼ εὐειδῆ, ἰκέλην φαέεσσι σελήνης.

Θηρώ is the nominative subject of ἔτικτεν; Ἱππότην υἱόν is the coordinated accusative object, while εὐειδῆ is coordinated with Θηρώ and ἰκέλην is an accusative predicative/qualifying adjective with υἱόν, compared with the moon’s light. The form οἱ is dative singular pronoun (to him).

amod punct obj cc iobj punct obj conj case obl nsubj cc obl nmod root 1 Ἱππότην Ἱππότης / PROPN 2 δέ δέ / CCONJ 3 οἱ οἱ / PRON 4 υἱὸν υἱός / NOUN 5 ἐνὶ ἐν / ADP 6 μεγάροισιν μέγαρον / NOUN 7 ἔτικτεν τίκτω / VERB 8 Θηρώ Θηρώ / PROPN 9 τʼ τε / CCONJ 10 εὐειδῆ εὐειδής / ADJ 11 , , / PUNCT 12 ἰκέλην ἴκελος / ADJ 13 φαέεσσι φάος / NOUN 14 σελήνης σελήνη / NOUN 15 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἹππότηνἹππότηςPROPNNbmsnCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing7 ἔτικτενobjhighPersonal name, accusative singular masculine.
2δέδέCCONJC----_7 ἔτικτενcchighPostpositive connective.
3οἱοἱPRONPp3msdCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs7 ἔτικτενiobjhighDative singular pronoun, recipient/possessor.
4υἱὸνυἱόςNOUNNbmsnCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing7 ἔτικτενobjhighAccusative object, appositional to Ἱππότην.
5ἐνὶἐνADPR--------_6 μεγάροισινcasehighLocative preposition governing dative.
6μεγάροισινμέγαρονNOUNNndpdCase=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur7 ἔτικτενoblhighDative plural locative complement of ἐνί.
7ἔτικτεντίκτωVERBV3saia---Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighImperfect indicative active; subject follows.
8ΘηρώΘηρώPROPNNpfsnCase=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing7 ἔτικτενnsubjhighFemale personal name, nominative subject.
9τʼτεCCONJC----_8 ΘηρώcchighEnclitic coordinator linking Θηρώ and εὐειδῆ.
10εὐειδῆεὐειδήςADJAfsanCase=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing8 ΘηρώconjmediumFeminine nominative adjective coordinated with Θηρώ; form is also syncretic with accusative.
11,,PUNCTU--------_7 ἔτικτενpuncthigh
12ἰκέληνἴκελοςADJAmsanCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing4 υἱὸνamodmediumAccusative masculine adjective modifying υἱόν; predicative/qualifying force is possible.
13φαέεσσιφάοςNOUNNndpdCase=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur12 ἰκέληνoblmediumDative plural poetic form, complement of ἰκέλην in comparison.
14σελήνηςσελήνηNOUNNfsgCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing13 φαέεσσιnmodhighGenitive dependent on φαέεσσι: light of the moon.
15..PUNCTU--------_7 ἔτικτενpuncthigh
Sentence 3

9.40.6 sentence 3

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Θηρὼ δʼ Ἀπόλλωνος ἐς ἀγκοίνῃσι πεσοῦσα γείνατο Χαίρωνος κρατερὸν μένος ἱπποδάμοιο.

The sentence has a feminine subject Θηρώ, with πεσοῦσα as a same-subject circumstantial participle; γείνατο governs the genitive Χαίρωνος and the accusative μένος, while ἐς ἀγκοίνῃσι is a difficult poetic phrase, likely locative/directional and analyzed conservatively.

nsubj cc punct obl obj nmod case obl advcl amod amod root 1 Θηρὼ Θηρώ / PROPN 2 δʼ δέ / CCONJ 3 Ἀπόλλωνος Ἀπόλλων / PROPN 4 ἐς εἰς / ADP 5 ἀγκοίνῃσι ἀγκών / NOUN 6 πεσοῦσα πίπτω / VERB 7 γείνατο γείνομαι / VERB 8 Χαίρωνος Χαίρων / PROPN 9 κρατερὸν κρατερός / ADJ 10 μένος μένος / NOUN 11 ἱπποδάμοιο ἱπποδάμος / ADJ 12 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ΘηρὼΘηρώPROPNNe-f--------Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing7 γείνατοnsubjhighFemale proper name, nominative subject of γείνατο.
2δʼδέCCONJC--------_7 γείνατοcchighApodotic/continuative connective.
3ἈπόλλωνοςἈπόλλωνPROPNNe-smg---Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing6 πεσοῦσαoblmediumGenitive dependent on the participial clause; exact semantic relation is poetic and uncertain.
4ἐςεἰςADPR--------_5 ἀγκοίνῃσιcasehighPoetic form of εἰς.
5ἀγκοίνῃσιἀγκώνNOUNNcfpdeCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur6 πεσοῦσαobllowEpic dative plural; phrase ἐς ἀγκοίνῃσι is syntactically difficult, so attachment and semantic role are tentative.
6πεσοῦσαπίπτωVERBVAAP-SNF-Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act7 γείνατοadvclhighAorist active participle agreeing with Θηρώ.
7γείνατογείνομαιVERBVAMI3S--Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid0 ROOTroothighAorist middle finite verb, ‘begat/bore’.
8ΧαίρωνοςΧαίρωνPROPNNe-smg---Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing10 μένοςnmodmediumPatronymic/genitival modifier of μένος: ‘the might of Ch(a)iron’; exact construction is poetic.
9κρατερὸνκρατερόςADJA-s---na-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing10 μένοςamodhighAccusative neuter adjective modifying μένος.
10μένοςμένοςNOUNN-s---na-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing7 γείνατοobjhighAccusative object of γείνατο.
11ἱπποδάμοιοἱπποδάμοςADJA-s---ng-Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing10 μένοςamodmediumEpic genitive singular adjective modifying μένος, with poetic agreement/construction.
12..PUNCT__7 γείνατοpuncthighSentence-final punctuation.
Sentence 4

9.40.6 sentence 4

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Ὅμηρος δὲ ἐπιστάμενος ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν Χαιρώνειάν τε ἤδη καὶ Λεβάδειαν καλουμένας, ὅμως τοῖς ἀρχαίοις ἐχρήσατο ὀνόμασιν ἐς αὐτάς, καθότι καὶ Αἴγυπτον τὸν ποταμὸν εἶπεν, οὐ Νεῖλον.

Ὅμηρος is the matrix subject with δοκεῖν as an infinitival complement; ἐπιστάμενος is a circumstantial participle. Χαιρώνειάν and Λεβάδειαν are accusative predicates/objects with καλουμένας agreeing with them; ὀνόμασιν is the dative object of ἐχρήσατο. In the final clause, Αἴγυπτον is the accusative name used for the river, with τὸν ποταμόν as apposition; Νεῖλον is coordinated under οὐ as the rejected name.

punct ccomp advcl xcomp obj mark nsubj punct punct advmod cc advmod advmod obl obj obj advcl amod appos iobj cc cc obj det obl case det punct advmod root 1 Ὅμηρος Ὅμηρος / PROPN 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 ἐπιστάμενος ἐπίσταμαι / VERB 4 ἐμοὶ ἐγώ / PRON 5 δοκεῖν δοκέω / VERB 6 Χαιρώνειάν Χαιρώνεια / PROPN 7 τε τε / CCONJ 8 ἤδη ἤδη / ADV 9 καὶ καί / CCONJ 10 Λεβάδειαν Λεβάδεια / PROPN 11 καλουμένας καλέω / VERB 12 , , / PUNCT 13 ὅμως ὅμως / ADV 14 τοῖς ὁ / DET 15 ἀρχαίοις ἀρχαῖος / ADJ 16 ἐχρήσατο χράομαι / VERB 17 ὀνόμασιν ὄνομα / NOUN 18 ἐς εἰς / ADP 19 αὐτάς αὐτός / PRON 20 , , / PUNCT 21 καθότι καθότι / SCONJ 22 καὶ καί / CCONJ 23 Αἴγυπτον Αἴγυπτος / PROPN 24 τὸν ὁ / DET 25 ποταμὸν ποταμός / NOUN 26 εἶπεν λέγω / VERB 27 , , / PUNCT 28 οὐ οὐ / PART 29 Νεῖλον Νεῖλος / PROPN 30 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ὍμηροςὍμηροςPROPNN-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing5 δοκεῖνnsubjhigh
2δὲδέCCONJC--------_5 δοκεῖνcchigh
3ἐπιστάμενοςἐπίσταμαιVERBV-PMP-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid5 δοκεῖνadvclmediumCircumstantial participle; its understood subject is Ὅμηρος.
4ἐμοὶἐγώPRONP-1DSCase=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs5 δοκεῖνiobjmediumDative of opinion with δοκεῖν, effectively ‘to me’.
5δοκεῖνδοκέωVERBV-PANMood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act16 ἐχρήσατοccompmediumInfinitival complement of ἐχρήσατο, with Ὅμηρος as its understood subject.
6ΧαιρώνειάνΧαιρώνειαPROPNN-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing11 καλουμέναςobjhighFirst accusative place-name governed semantically by καλουμένας.
7τετεCCONJC--------_6 Χαιρώνειάνcchigh
8ἤδηἤδηADVD--------_11 καλουμέναςadvmodhigh
9καὶκαίCCONJC--------_10 Λεβάδειανcchigh
10ΛεβάδειανΛεβάδειαPROPNN-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing11 καλουμέναςobjhighSecond accusative place-name coordinated with Χαιρώνειαν.
11καλουμέναςκαλέωVERBV-PPF-APFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass3 ἐπιστάμενοςxcompmediumAccusative plural participle agreeing with the two place-names; dependent on ἐπιστάμενος.
12,,PUNCT__16 ἐχρήσατοpuncthigh
13ὅμωςὅμωςADVD--------_16 ἐχρήσατοadvmodhigh
14τοῖςDETT-DPMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art15 ἀρχαίοιςdethigh
15ἀρχαίοιςἀρχαῖοςADJA-DPMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur17 ὀνόμασινamodhighSubstantivized adjective, ‘ancient [names]’.
16ἐχρήσατοχράομαιVERBV-AMI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid0 ROOTroothigh
17ὀνόμασινὄνομαNOUNN-DPNCase=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur16 ἐχρήσατοoblhighDative complement/object of χράομαι.
18ἐςεἰςADPR--------_19 αὐτάςcasehigh
19αὐτάςαὐτόςPRONP-3AF-PCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs16 ἐχρήσατοoblhighObject of ἐς; refers to the places.
20,,PUNCT__16 ἐχρήσατοpuncthigh
21καθότικαθότιSCONJC--------_26 εἶπενmarkhigh
22καὶκαίCCONJC--------_26 εἶπενadvmodhighCorrelative/adverbial καί, ‘also’.
23ΑἴγυπτονΑἴγυπτοςPROPNN-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing26 εἶπενobjhighAccusative name used as the river’s designation.
24τὸνDETT-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art25 ποταμὸνdethigh
25ποταμὸνποταμόςNOUNN-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing23 ΑἴγυπτονapposhighApposition specifying Αἴγυπτον as the river.
26εἶπενλέγωVERBV-AAI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act16 ἐχρήσατοadvclhighClause introduced by καθότι, giving a parallel example.
27,,PUNCT__26 εἶπενpuncthigh
28οὐοὐPARTD--------_29 ΝεῖλονadvmodhighNegates the alternative name Νεῖλον.
29ΝεῖλονΝεῖλοςPROPNN-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing26 εἶπενobjhighAlternative accusative river-name rejected by οὐ.
30..PUNCT__16 ἐχρήσατοpuncthigh
← 9.40.59.40.7 →