Grammar parses for passage 9.5.11
Open translation for this passage
μητέρα τʼ Οἰδιπόδαο ἴδον, καλὴν Ἐπικάστην, ἣ μέγα ἔργον ἔρεξεν ἀιδρείῃσι νόοιο γημαμένη ᾧ υἱεῖ·
Epic Greek: ἴδον is parsed as first-person singular aorist; γημαμένη is an aorist middle participle, with ᾧ υἱεῖ as the dative relation after γημαμένη. The final phrase is syntactically compressed and somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μητέρα | μήτηρ | NOUN | n-s---fa-. | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἴδον | obj | high | |
| 2 | τʼ | τε | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 1 μητέρα | cc | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 3 | Οἰδιπόδαο | Οἰδίπους | PROPN | nb-----mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 μητέρα | nmod | high | Epic genitive in -αο. |
| 4 | ἴδον | ὁράω | VERB | v1saia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | First-person singular aorist indicative; formally syncretic with 3rd plural. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἴδον | punct | high | |
| 6 | καλὴν | καλός | ADJ | a-s---fa-. | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 Ἐπικάστην | amod | high | |
| 7 | Ἐπικάστην | Ἐπικάστη | PROPN | nb-----fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 μητέρα | appos | high | Appositional identification of μητέρα. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἴδον | punct | high | |
| 9 | ἣ | ὅς | PRON | p-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἔρεξεν | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun referring to Ἐπικάστην. |
| 10 | μέγα | μέγας | ADJ | a-s---na-. | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἔργον | amod | high | |
| 11 | ἔργον | ἔργον | NOUN | n-s---na-. | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἔρεξεν | obj | high | |
| 12 | ἔρεξεν | ῥέζω | VERB | v1saia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 7 Ἐπικάστην | acl:relcl | high | |
| 13 | ἀιδρείῃσι | ἀιδρείη | NOUN | n-p---fd-. | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 ἔρεξεν | obl | medium | Epic dative plural; manner/cause, 'in ignorance'. |
| 14 | νόοιο | νόος | NOUN | n-s---mg-. | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἀιδρείῃσι | nmod | medium | Epic genitive in -οιο; dependent on ἀιδρείῃσι. |
| 15 | γημαμένη | γαμέω | VERB | v1sampfn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 12 ἔρεξεν | advcl | high | Aorist middle participle, agreeing with ἣ/Ἐπικάστην. |
| 16 | ᾧ | ὅς | PRON | p-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 γημαμένη | obl | medium | Relative pronoun, dative singular; likely dative of association/object with γημαμένη. |
| 17 | υἱεῖ | υἱός | NOUN | n-s---md-. | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ᾧ | appos | medium | Dative apposition to ᾧ; epic dative form. |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἴδον | punct | high |
ὁ δʼ ὃν πατέρʼ ἐξεναρίξας γῆμεν· ἄφαρ δʼ ἀνάπυστα θεοὶ θέσαν ἀνθρώποισιν. Hom. Od. 11.271
The citation tokens 15–22 are preserved as non-Greek citation material. The Homeric participle ἐξεναρίξας is parsed as an active nominative participle dependent on γῆμεν; its exact epic tense morphology is uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 γῆμεν | nsubj | medium | Article with substantivized or omitted masculine subject. |
| 2 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 γῆμεν | cc | high | Elided form of δέ. |
| 3 | ὃν | ὅς | PRON | P---ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 4 πατέρʼ | det | high | Relative pronoun agreeing with πατέρα. |
| 4 | πατέρʼ | πατήρ | NOUN | N---ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἐξεναρίξας | obj | high | Elided πατέρα; object of ἐξεναρίξας. |
| 5 | ἐξεναρίξας | ἐξεναρίζω | VERB | V--PAPNMS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 γῆμεν | advcl | high | Aorist-looking epic form is morphologically present in form? Treated as an active nominative participle modifying the subject; poetic morphology is uncertain. |
| 6 | γῆμεν | γαμέω | VERB | V--AAI3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Epic aorist form, ‘married’. |
| 7 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 γῆμεν | punct | high | |
| 8 | ἄφαρ | ἄφαρ | ADV | D-------- | _ | 12 θέσαν | advmod | high | Adverb meaning immediately. |
| 9 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 θέσαν | cc | high | Elided form of δέ. |
| 10 | ἀνάπυστα | ἀνάπυστος | ADJ | A----APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 θέσαν | obj | medium | Neuter plural adjective used substantivally, object of θέσαν. |
| 11 | θεοὶ | θεός | NOUN | N---NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 θέσαν | nsubj | high | |
| 12 | θέσαν | τίθημι | VERB | V--AAI3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 6 γῆμεν | parataxis | high | Second finite clause coordinated/paratactically joined after the medial punctuation. |
| 13 | ἀνθρώποισιν | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N---DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 θέσαν | iobj | high | Dative recipient. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 γῆμεν | punct | high | |
| 15 | H | H | X | _ | _ | 0 ROOT | dep | low | Citation fragment; Latin/ASCII letter token rather than Greek grammatical material. |
| 16 | o | o | X | _ | _ | 15 H | flat | low | Citation fragment. |
| 17 | m | m | X | _ | _ | 15 H | flat | low | Citation fragment. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 H | punct | high | |
| 19 | O | O | X | _ | _ | 15 H | flat | low | Citation fragment. |
| 20 | d | d | X | _ | _ | 15 H | flat | low | Citation fragment. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 H | punct | high | |
| 22 | 11.271 | 11.271 | SYM | _ | _ | 15 H | flat | high | Citation reference. |
πῶς οὖν ἐποίησαν ἀνάπυστα ἄφαρ, εἰ δὴ τέσσαρες γενεαὶ ἐκ τῆς Ἐπικάστης ἐγένοντο παῖδες τῷ Οἰδίποδι;
Interrogative πῶς asks how ἐποίησαν ἀνάπυστα ἄφαρ; the conditional εἰ-clause supplies the premise. In the εἰ-clause, τέσσαρες γενεαί is the subject of ἐγένοντο, with παῖδες as predicate nominative and τῷ Οἰδίποδι as the dative of relation/possession; ἐκ τῆς Ἐπικάστης marks descent. ἀνάπυστα is an uncommon predicate adjective/adverbial accusative, parsed cautiously.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πῶς | πῶς | ADV | D-- | PronType=Int | 3 ἐποίησαν | advmod | high | Interrogative adverb modifying ἐποίησαν. |
| 2 | οὖν | οὖν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 3 ἐποίησαν | discourse | high | Inferential particle. |
| 3 | ἐποίησαν | ποιέω | VERB | V--AAI-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main interrogative verb. |
| 4 | ἀνάπυστα | ἀνάπυστος | ADJ | A----APN- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 ἐποίησαν | obj | low | Rare form; likely neuter plural accusative used predicatively or adverbially with ἐποίησαν. |
| 5 | ἄφαρ | ἄφαρ | ADV | D-------- | _ | 3 ἐποίησαν | advmod | high | Adverb meaning immediately/at once. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐποίησαν | punct | high | |
| 7 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 ἐγένοντο | mark | high | Introduces the conditional clause. |
| 8 | δὴ | δή | PART | T-------- | _ | 14 ἐγένοντο | discourse | high | Emphatic particle within the conditional clause. |
| 9 | τέσσαρες | τέσσαρες | NUM | M----NP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 10 γενεαὶ | nummod | high | Cardinal numeral agreeing with γενεαί. |
| 10 | γενεαὶ | γενεά | NOUN | N----NP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 14 ἐγένοντο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐγένοντο. |
| 11 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 Ἐπικάστης | case | high | Preposition governing τῆς Ἐπικάστης. |
| 12 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L----GSF- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 Ἐπικάστης | det | high | Article for Ἐπικάστης. |
| 13 | Ἐπικάστης | Ἐπικάστη | PROPN | N---GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 γενεαὶ | nmod | high | Genitive of origin/descent modifying γενεαί. |
| 14 | ἐγένοντο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V--AMI-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 3 ἐποίησαν | advcl | high | Finite verb of the εἰ-clause. |
| 15 | παῖδες | παῖς | NOUN | N----NP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἐγένοντο | xcomp | medium | Predicate nominative/complement with ἐγένοντο. |
| 16 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L----DSM- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 Οἰδίποδι | det | high | Article for Οἰδίποδι. |
| 17 | Οἰδίποδι | Οἰδίπους | PROPN | N---DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 παῖδες | iobj | medium | Dative of relation/possession: children to Oedipus. |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐποίησαν | punct | high |
ἐξ Εὐρυγανείας δὲ τῆς Ὑπέρφαντος ἐγεγόνεσαν.
The sentence is an elliptical statement: ἐγεγόνεσαν is a third-plural perfect of γίγνομαι, with an unexpressed plural subject; ἐξ takes the genitive name, while τῆς Ὑπέρφαντος is a genitive apposition/kinship specification dependent on Εὐρυγανείας.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 2 Εὐρυγανείας | case | high | |
| 2 | Εὐρυγανείας | Εὐρυγάνεια | PROPN | N----GS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἐγεγόνεσαν | obl | high | Proper name in the genitive governed by ἐξ. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 ἐγεγόνεσαν | cc | high | |
| 4 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 Ὑπέρφαντος | det | high | |
| 5 | Ὑπέρφαντος | Ὑπέρφαντος | PROPN | N----GS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 Εὐρυγανείας | appos | medium | Genitive proper name, construed as apposition/specification with Εὐρυγανείας; feminine form is indeclinable or syncretic in this spelling. |
| 6 | ἐγεγόνεσαν | γίγνομαι | VERB | V3PRAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=PastPerf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect active form used in the sense ‘were born/descended’; plural subject is unexpressed. |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐγεγόνεσαν | punct | high |
δηλοῖ δὲ καὶ ὁ τὰ ἔπη ποιήσας ἃ Οἰδιπόδια ὀνομάζουσι· καὶ Ὀνασίας Πλαταιᾶσιν ἔγραψε κατηφῆ τὴν Εὐρυγάνειαν ἐπὶ τῇ μάχῃ τῶν παίδων.
Two coordinated finite clauses are present: δηλοῖ governs the substantivized participial subject ὁ ... ποιήσας, while ἔγραψε is the root of the second clause; the relative clause ἃ ... ὀνομάζουσι modifies ἔπη.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δηλοῖ | δηλόω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 ἔγραψε | conj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 δηλοῖ | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ὁ | cc | high | |
| 4 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ποιήσας | det | high | Article substantivizes the participle. |
| 5 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ἔπη | det | high | |
| 6 | ἔπη | ἔπος | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ποιήσας | obj | high | |
| 7 | ποιήσας | ποιέω | VERB | V-AAP-NSM | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 δηλοῖ | nsubj | high | Aorist active participle; article plus participle is substantivized. |
| 8 | ἃ | ὅς | PRON | P-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 10 ὀνομάζουσι | obj | high | Relates to ἔπη. |
| 9 | Οἰδιπόδια | Οἰδιπόδεια | PROPN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ὀνομάζουσι | obj | medium | Title/name of the poems; orthographic form is indeclinable or plural neuter in context. |
| 10 | ὀνομάζουσι | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 ποιήσας | acl:relcl | high | |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 δηλοῖ | punct | high | |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 ἔγραψε | cc | high | |
| 13 | Ὀνασίας | Ὀνασίας | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἔγραψε | nsubj | high | Painter's name. |
| 14 | Πλαταιᾶσιν | Πλαταιαί | PROPN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 ἔγραψε | obl | high | Locative dative: at Plataea. |
| 15 | ἔγραψε | γράφω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 16 | κατηφῆ | κατηφής | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 Εὐρυγάνειαν | amod | high | Predicative adjective with τὴν Εὐρυγάνειαν. |
| 17 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 Εὐρυγάνειαν | det | high | |
| 18 | Εὐρυγάνειαν | Εὐρυγάνεια | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἔγραψε | obj | high | Depicted subject/object of the painting. |
| 19 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 21 μάχῃ | case | high | With dative. |
| 20 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 μάχῃ | det | high | |
| 21 | μάχῃ | μάχη | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 Εὐρυγάνειαν | obl | high | Circumstantial phrase: after/in the battle. |
| 22 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 παίδων | det | high | |
| 23 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 μάχῃ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on μάχη. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἔγραψε | punct | high |