Grammar parses for passage 9.5.16
Open translation for this passage
Αὐτεσίωνος δὲ ἀπελθόντος, οὕτω βασιλέα εἵλοντο Δαμασίχθονα Ὀφέλτου τοῦ Πηνέλεω.
Genitive absolute Αὐτεσίωνος ἀπελθόντος sets the temporal/circumstantial background; βασιλέα is the elected object, with Δαμασίχθονα in apposition, and Ὀφέλτου τοῦ Πηνέλεω is a patronymic genitive phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Αὐτεσίωνος | Αὐτεσίων | PROPN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἀπελθόντος | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 εἵλοντο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀπελθόντος | ἀπέρχομαι | VERB | V--AAPGSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 εἵλοντο | advcl | high | Aorist participle in a genitive absolute. |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἀπελθόντος | punct | high | |
| 5 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 7 εἵλοντο | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the election predicate. |
| 6 | βασιλέα | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N--ASM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 εἵλοντο | obj | high | Accusative object/predicative object of εἵλοντο. |
| 7 | εἵλοντο | αἱρέω | VERB | V--AMI3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Middle voice means ‘chose/elected for themselves’. |
| 8 | Δαμασίχθονα | Δαμασίχθων | PROPN | N--ASM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 βασιλέα | appos | high | Personal name in apposition to βασιλέα. |
| 9 | Ὀφέλτου | Ὀφέλτης | PROPN | N--GSM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Δαμασίχθονα | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive, ‘of Opheltus’. |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T--GSM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Πηνέλεω | det | high | Article agreeing with Πηνέλεω. |
| 11 | Πηνέλεω | Πηνέλεως | PROPN | N--GSM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Ὀφέλτου | nmod | medium | Genitive appositional clarification of Ὀφέλτου; contracted/variant form. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 εἵλοντο | punct | high |
τούτου δὲ ἦν τοῦ Δαμασίχθονος Πτολεμαῖος, τοῦ δὲ Ξάνθος,
Elliptical copular genealogy: τούτου ... Πτολεμαῖος means ‘of this [man] was Ptolemy’; τοῦ Δαμασίχθονος is a genitive name in apposition to τούτου. The second clause repeats the construction elliptically: τοῦ ... Ξάνθος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | PD-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 6 Πτολεμαῖος | nmod | high | Genitive demonstrative, possessive/genitive of origin with the copular clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 Πτολεμαῖος | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 6 Πτολεμαῖος | cop | high | Imperfect copula in an elliptical possessive/genitive construction. |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 Δαμασίχθονος | det | high | Article agreeing with the following personal name. |
| 5 | Δαμασίχθονος | Δαμασίχθων | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 τούτου | appos | medium | Genitive proper name appositional to τούτου. |
| 6 | Πτολεμαῖος | Πτολεμαῖος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Predicate/name of the elliptical copular clause; nominative. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 Πτολεμαῖος | punct | high | |
| 8 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 Ξάνθος | det | high | Article in the repeated elliptical genitive construction. |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 Ξάνθος | cc | high | Postpositive connective introducing the second coordinated clause. |
| 10 | Ξάνθος | Ξάνθος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Πτολεμαῖος | conj | medium | Nominative name in the second elliptical copular clause; copula and possessive complement are omitted. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 Ξάνθος | punct | high |
ὃν Ἀνδρόπομπος μονομαχήσαντά οἱ δόλῳ καὶ οὐ σὺν τῷ δικαίῳ κτείνει.
Relative object clause: ὃν is the accusative masculine singular object of κτείνει; μονομαχήσαντα is a circumstantial accusative participle agreeing with it. οἱ is a dative pronoun, probably ethical/dative of interest; δόλῳ contrasts with σὺν τῷ δικαίῳ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὃν | ὅς | PRON | Pronominal relative Acc Masc Sing | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 11 κτείνει | obj | high | |
| 2 | Ἀνδρόπομπος | Ἀνδρόπομπος | PROPN | Noun Nom Masc Sing | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|NameType=Pers|Number=Sing | 11 κτείνει | nsubj | high | |
| 3 | μονομαχήσαντά | μονομαχέω | VERB | Verb Part Aor Act Acc Masc Sing | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 ὃν | advcl | medium | Accusative circumstantial participle agreeing with ὃν; temporal/concessive nuance is possible. |
| 4 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | Pronominal Pers Dat 3rd Sing | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 11 κτείνει | iobj | medium | Likely ethical dative or dative of interest; form is homographic with the masculine plural article. |
| 5 | δόλῳ | δόλος | NOUN | Noun Dat Masc Sing | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 κτείνει | obl | high | Dative of means or manner. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conjunction Coord | _ | 8 σὺν | cc | high | |
| 7 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | Particle Neg | Polarity=Neg | 10 δικαίῳ | advmod | high | |
| 8 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | Preposition Dat | _ | 10 δικαίῳ | case | high | |
| 9 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | Article Dat Neut Sing | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 δικαίῳ | det | high | |
| 10 | δικαίῳ | δίκαιος | ADJ | Adjective Dat Neut Sing | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 κτείνει | obl | high | Substantivized neuter adjective, governed by σύν; καὶ coordinates δόλῳ and σὺν τῷ δικαίῳ. |
| 11 | κτείνει | κτείνω | VERB | Verb Pres Act Ind 3rd Sing | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | Punctuation | _ | 11 κτείνει | punct | high |
τὸ δὲ ἐντεῦθεν διὰ πλειόνων πολιτεύεσθαι μηδὲ ἀπʼ ἀνδρὸς ἑνὸς ἠρτῆσθαι τὰ πάντα ἄμεινον ἐφαίνετο τοῖς Θηβαίοις.
The subject is the coordinated articular infinitival construction τὸ ... πολιτεύεσθαι μηδὲ ... ἠρτῆσθαι; ἄμεινον is its comparative predicate with dative experiencer τοῖς Θηβαίοις.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 ἐφαίνετο | nsubj | high | Articular infinitival phrase, functioning as subject. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 ἐφαίνετο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐντεῦθεν | ἐντεῦθεν | ADV | ADV | _ | 6 πολιτεύεσθαι | advmod | high | Adverbial temporal/sequential modifier of πολιτεύεσθαι. |
| 4 | διὰ | διά | ADP | PREP | Case=Gen | 5 πλειόνων | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 5 | πλειόνων | πολύς | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 πολιτεύεσθαι | obl | high | Substantivized comparative genitive, ‘through/more than one’. |
| 6 | πολιτεύεσθαι | πολιτεύω | VERB | V-PNM/N | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 1 τὸ | acl | high | First coordinated infinitive under the articular infinitive subject. |
| 7 | μηδὲ | μηδέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 ἠρτῆσθαι | cc | high | Negative coordinator joining the second infinitive. |
| 8 | ἀπʼ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | Case=Gen | 9 ἀνδρὸς | case | high | Elided preposition governing ἀνδρός. |
| 9 | ἀνδρὸς | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἠρτῆσθαι | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἠρτῆσθαι. |
| 10 | ἑνὸς | εἷς | NUM | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|NumType=Card|Number=Sing | 9 ἀνδρὸς | amod | high | Numeral modifying ἀνδρός. |
| 11 | ἠρτῆσθαι | ἀρτάω | VERB | V-RNM/N | Mood=Inf|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 6 πολιτεύεσθαι | conj | medium | Perfect middle infinitive coordinated with πολιτεύεσθαι; semantic subject is τὰ πάντα. |
| 12 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 13 πάντα | det | high | Article with πάντα. |
| 13 | πάντα | πᾶς | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 ἠρτῆσθαι | nsubj | high | Subject of the passive/semi-deponent infinitive ἠρτῆσθαι. |
| 14 | ἄμεινον | ἀμείνων | ADJ | A-NSN-C | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 ἐφαίνετο | xcomp | high | Predicate comparative with φαίνετο, agreeing with the articular infinitival subject. |
| 15 | ἐφαίνετο | φαίνω | VERB | V-IIM-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb, ‘seemed’. |
| 16 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 17 Θηβαίοις | det | high | Article with Θηβαίοις. |
| 17 | Θηβαίοις | Θηβαῖος | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἐφαίνετο | iobj | high | Dative experiencer with ἐφαίνετο. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἐφαίνετο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |