Grammar parses for passage 9.5.16
Open translation for this passage
Αὐτεσίωνος δὲ ἀπελθόντος, οὕτω βασιλέα εἵλοντο Δαμασίχθονα Ὀφέλτου τοῦ Πηνέλεω.
Genitive absolute at the start; the final genitives form a nested chain of possession/patronymic relation.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Αὐτεσίωνος | Αὐτεσίων | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἀπελθόντος | nsubj | high | Genitive absolute subject. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 7 εἵλοντο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀπελθόντος | ἀπέρχομαι | VERB | PAPSMG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 7 εἵλοντο | advcl | high | Participial clause in genitive absolute. |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 εἵλοντο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 5 | οὕτω | οὕτω | ADV | _ | _ | 7 εἵλοντο | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the verb. |
| 6 | βασιλέα | βασιλεύς | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 εἵλοντο | obj | high | Object/complement of ἑλέσθαι-like verb. |
| 7 | εἵλοντο | αἱρέω | VERB | AMI3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 8 | Δαμασίχθονα | Δαμασίχθων | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 εἵλοντο | obj | high | Proper name in apposition with βασιλέα or object complement. |
| 9 | Ὀφέλτου | Ὀφέλτης | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Δαμασίχθονα | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of the proper name. |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 Πηνέλεω | det | high | Article modifying Πηνέλεω. |
| 11 | Πηνέλεω | Πηνέλεως | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Ὀφέλτου | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of Ὀφέλτου. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 εἵλοντο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ὃν Ἀνδρόπομπος μονομαχήσαντά οἱ δόλῳ καὶ οὐ σὺν τῷ δικαίῳ κτείνει.
The syntax is straightforward except for οἱ, which is best taken as a dative associated with the verb, though the exact nuance is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὃν | ὅς | PRON | Pp---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 3 μονομαχήσαντά | obj | high | Relative pronoun, masculine accusative singular, object of μονομαχήσαντά. |
| 2 | Ἀνδρόπομπος | Ἀνδρόπομπος | PROPN | Npmsn | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 κτείνει | nsubj | high | Subject of κτείνει. |
| 3 | μονομαχήσαντά | μονομαχέω | VERB | VAA--pma- | Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 ὃν | acl:relcl | high | Aorist active participle modifying ὃν. |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | Pd--dm- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 κτείνει | obl | medium | Likely datival agent/ethical dative with κτείνει; form may be enclitic article used substantively. |
| 5 | δόλῳ | δόλος | NOUN | N-DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 κτείνει | obl | high | Instrumental dative with κτείνει. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 7 οὐ | cc | high | Coordinates negative particles. |
| 7 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D- | _ | 11 κτείνει | advmod | high | Negates the prepositional phrase σὺν τῷ δικαίῳ. |
| 8 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | R- | _ | 10 δικαίῳ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 9 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | Pd--dd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 δικαίῳ | det | high | Article modifying δικαίῳ. |
| 10 | δικαίῳ | δίκαιος | ADJ | A-DSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 κτείνει | obl | high | Object of the preposition σὺν. |
| 11 | κτείνει | κτείνω | VERB | V3SPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb governing the clause. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 κτείνει | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
τὸ δὲ ἐντεῦθεν διὰ πλειόνων πολιτεύεσθαι μηδὲ ἀπʼ ἀνδρὸς ἑνὸς ἠρτῆσθαι τὰ πάντα ἄμεινον ἐφαίνετο τοῖς Θηβαίοις.
Two coordinated infinitival clauses serve as the subject of ἐφαίνετο; ἄμεινον is best taken predicatively with the finite verb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 πολιτεύεσθαι | obj | medium | Articular infinitive construction; article likely functions as nominalizer. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 15 ἐφαίνετο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐντεῦθεν | ἐντεῦθεν | ADV | _ | _ | 15 ἐφαίνετο | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἐφαίνετο. |
| 4 | διὰ | διά | ADP | _ | _ | 6 πολιτεύεσθαι | case | high | Governs genitive with πολιτεύεσθαι. |
| 5 | πλειόνων | πλείων | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 πολιτεύεσθαι | obl | medium | Likely genitive complement of διὰ in the infinitival phrase. |
| 6 | πολιτεύεσθαι | πολιτεύομαι | VERB | V-PAI? | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 15 ἐφαίνετο | csubj | high | Infinitival subject of ἐφαίνετο. |
| 7 | μηδὲ | μηδέ | PART | _ | _ | 11 ἠρτῆσθαι | cc | high | Connects the coordinated infinitival clauses. |
| 8 | ἀπʼ | ἀπό | ADP | _ | _ | 11 ἠρτῆσθαι | case | high | Preposition with genitive. |
| 9 | ἀνδρὸς | ἀνήρ | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἠρτῆσθαι | obl | high | Object of ἀπό. |
| 10 | ἑνὸς | εἷς | NUM | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἀνδρὸς | nummod | high | Attributive numeral modifying ἀνδρός. |
| 11 | ἠρτῆσθαι | ἄρτω | VERB | V-? | Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid/Pass | 6 πολιτεύεσθαι | conj | medium | Perfect infinitive; lemma and voice uncertain, but form clearly inf. functioning coordinately with πολιτεύεσθαι. |
| 12 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 13 πάντα | obj | high | Article with πάντα. |
| 13 | πάντα | πᾶς | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 ἠρτῆσθαι | obj | high | Accusative object of ἠρτῆσθαι, with article. |
| 14 | ἄμεινον | ἀμείνων | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 ἐφαίνετο | xcomp | medium | Predicative complement with ἐφαίνετο; neuter singular adverbial/predicative use. |
| 15 | ἐφαίνετο | φαίνω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 16 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 17 Θηβαίοις | det | high | Article with Θηβαίοις. |
| 17 | Θηβαίοις | Θηβαῖος | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἐφαίνετο | iobj | high | Dative of reference/advantage with ἐφαίνετο. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἐφαίνετο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |