Grammar parses for passage 9.5.4
Open translation for this passage
Πενθεὺς δὲ ὁ Ἐχίονος ἴσχυε μὲν καὶ αὐτὸς κατὰ γένους ἀξίωμα καὶ φιλίᾳ τοῦ βασιλέως·
The syntax is somewhat compressed: Πενθεὺς and αὐτός both function as subject-like elements with μὲν ... καί, and the second half appears elliptical, with coordinated prepositional phrases modifying ἴσχυε.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Πενθεὺς | Πενθεύς | PROPN | N-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἴσχυε | nsubj | high | Subject of ἴσχυε. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | T--------- | _ | 5 ἴσχυε | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Ἐχίονος | det | high | Article with Ἐχίονος. |
| 4 | Ἐχίονος | Ἐχίων | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Πενθεὺς | nmod | high | Genitive modifier in apposition/patronymic relation to Πενθεύς. |
| 5 | ἴσχυε | ἰσχύω | VERB | V3SIIA--- | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 6 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 5 ἴσχυε | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 8 αὐτὸς | advmod | medium | Likely additive focus particle modifying αὐτός. |
| 8 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | A-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἴσχυε | nsubj | high | Emphatic subject, coordinated/focused with Πενθεύς. |
| 9 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | AdpType=Prep | 11 ἀξίωμα | case | high | Introduces prepositional phrase. |
| 10 | γένους | γένος | NOUN | N-S---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἀξίωμα | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent of ἀξίωμα; phrase κατὰ γένους probably modifies it. |
| 11 | ἀξίωμα | ἀξίωμα | NOUN | N-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἴσχυε | obl | high | Prepositional object with κατὰ. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 9 κατὰ | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction linking two prepositional phrases. |
| 13 | φιλίᾳ | φιλία | NOUN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἀξίωμα | conj | medium | Second coordinated phrase; relation somewhat uncertain in ellipsis. |
| 14 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 βασιλέως | det | high | Article with βασιλέως. |
| 15 | βασιλέως | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 φιλίᾳ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of φιλίᾳ. |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἴσχυε | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
ὢν δὲ ἐς τὰ λοιπὰ ὑβριστὴς καὶ ἀσεβὴς Διονύσου, δίκην ἔσχεν ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ.
The syntax is somewhat compressed: ὢν + predicate nouns/adjectives gives a circumstantial description modifying the main clause ἔσχεν δίκην.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὢν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAP-SNM | Aspect=Imp|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 ἔσχεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with the implied subject of ἔσχεν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 12 ἔσχεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 5 λοιπὰ | case | high | Preposition governing τὰ λοιπά. |
| 4 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 λοιπὰ | det | high | Article with substantive adjective. |
| 5 | λοιπὰ | λοιπός | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 ὢν | obl | high | Adverbial accusative with ἐς: 'for the rest / in the future'. |
| 6 | ὑβριστὴς | ὑβριστής | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ὢν | xcomp | medium | Predicate nominal coordinated with ἀσεβής under ὢν. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 8 ἀσεβὴς | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 8 | ἀσεβὴς | ἀσεβής | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ὑβριστὴς | conj | high | Second predicate adjective coordinated with ὑβριστής. |
| 9 | Διονύσου | Διόνυσος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀσεβὴς | nmod | medium | Likely genitive dependent of ἀσεβής: 'impious toward Dionysus'. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἔσχεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | δίκην | δίκη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἔσχεν | obj | high | Direct object of ἔσχεν; idiomatic 'suffered punishment'. |
| 12 | ἔσχεν | ἔχω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 13 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 15 θεοῦ | case | high | Preposition governing τοῦ θεοῦ. |
| 14 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 θεοῦ | det | high | Article with noun. |
| 15 | θεοῦ | θεός | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἔσχεν | obl | high | Source/agent phrase with ἐκ. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἔσχεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
Πολυδώρου δὲ ἦν Λάβδακος·
Simple copular clause: nominative subject Λάβδακος with genitive possessive Πολυδώρου, linked by ἦν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Πολυδώρου | Πολύδωρος | PROPN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Λάβδακος | nmod | high | Genitive of possession with implied εἶναι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 3 ἦν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-3SIAI-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular verb serving as clause root. |
| 4 | Λάβδακος | Λάβδακος | PROPN | N----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἦν | nsubj | high | Predicate nominative with copular ἦν. |
| 5 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἦν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |