Grammar parses for passage 9.5.4
Open translation for this passage
Πενθεὺς δὲ ὁ Ἐχίονος ἴσχυε μὲν καὶ αὐτὸς κατὰ γένους ἀξίωμα καὶ φιλίᾳ τοῦ βασιλέως·
Πενθεύς is the subject of ἴσχυε; ὁ Ἐχίονος is a genitive patronymic/identifying phrase. κατὰ γένους ἀξίωμα and φιλίᾳ τοῦ βασιλέως are coordinated instrumental grounds or means for his influence; the exact semantic relation is somewhat context-dependent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Πενθεὺς | Πενθεύς | PROPN | N-------S-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἴσχυε | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 ἴσχυε | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Ἐχίονος | det | high | |
| 4 | Ἐχίονος | Ἐχίων | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Πενθεὺς | appos | medium | Genitive patronymic/identifying name; syntactically attached to Πενθεύς. |
| 5 | ἴσχυε | ἰσχύω | VERB | V3SIIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 5 ἴσχυε | discourse | high | Correlative μέν; continuation is understood or follows contextually. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 αὐτὸς | cc | high | |
| 8 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | P-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 5 ἴσχυε | advmod | high | Intensive/reflexive use: ‘he himself’. |
| 9 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 γένους | case | high | |
| 10 | γένους | γένος | NOUN | N-S---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἀξίωμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀξίωμα: status/prestige of lineage. |
| 11 | ἀξίωμα | ἀξίωμα | NOUN | N-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἴσχυε | obl | medium | Accusative with κατά, with κατά understood locally as governing the phrase κατὰ γένους ἀξίωμα. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 φιλίᾳ | cc | high | |
| 13 | φιλίᾳ | φιλία | NOUN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἴσχυε | obl | medium | Dative of means or grounds, coordinated semantically with κατὰ γένους ἀξίωμα. |
| 14 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 βασιλέως | det | high | |
| 15 | βασιλέως | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 φιλίᾳ | nmod | high | |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἴσχυε | punct | high |
ὢν δὲ ἐς τὰ λοιπὰ ὑβριστὴς καὶ ἀσεβὴς Διονύσου, δίκην ἔσχεν ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ.
The participial clause ὢν ... ὑβριστὴς καὶ ἀσεβὴς Διονύσου is concessive or causal background to ἔσχεν; the genitive Διονύσου has an idiomatic, somewhat uncertain attachment to the predicate adjectives/noun.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὢν | εἰμί | AUX | PAPNSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 ἔσχεν | advcl | high | Present active participle, concessive/adverbial; subject is implicit with δίκην ἔσχεν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ὢν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 λοιπὰ | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 4 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | TAPNPA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 λοιπὰ | det | high | |
| 5 | λοιπὰ | λοιπός | ADJ | A--NPA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ὑβριστὴς | obl | high | Substantivized neuter plural, ‘the remaining matters’. |
| 6 | ὑβριστὴς | ὑβριστής | NOUN | N--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ὢν | advcl | high | Predicate nominative coordinated with ἀσεβής within the participial clause. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ἀσεβὴς | cc | high | |
| 8 | ἀσεβὴς | ἀσεβής | ADJ | A--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ὑβριστὴς | conj | high | Predicate adjective coordinated with ὑβριστής. |
| 9 | Διονύσου | Διόνυσος | PROPN | N--GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀσεβὴς | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on ἀσεβής/ὑβριστής, likely ‘impious toward Dionysus’; attachment within the predicate phrase is somewhat ambiguous. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἔσχεν | punct | high | |
| 11 | δίκην | δίκη | NOUN | N--ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἔσχεν | obj | high | Accusative object in the idiom δίκην ἔχειν, ‘suffer punishment’. |
| 12 | ἔσχεν | ἔχω | VERB | V--IAA--3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist indicative, third singular. |
| 13 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 15 θεοῦ | case | high | |
| 14 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 θεοῦ | det | high | |
| 15 | θεοῦ | θεός | NOUN | N--GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἔσχεν | obl | high | Source/agent-like complement of ἔσχεν: punishment received from the god. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἔσχεν | punct | high |
Πολυδώρου δὲ ἦν Λάβδακος·
Copular clause: Λάβδακος is the predicate nominative, with ἦν understood as ‘belonged to/was [the son] of’; Πολυδώρου is a dependent genitive of possession or relation. The exact ellipsis is somewhat interpretive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Πολυδώρου | Πολύδωρος | PROPN | Neut?; Gen.Sg. | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Λάβδακος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on the nominal predicate, expressing relation/possession. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 ἦν | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle. |
| 3 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 4 Λάβδακος | cop | high | Imperfect indicative copula; construction has an understood nominal relation such as ‘was [the son] of’. |
| 4 | Λάβδακος | Λάβδακος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Predicate nominative in the copular clause. |
| 5 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 Λάβδακος | punct | high |
ἔμελλε δὲ ἄρα αὐτόν, ὥς οἱ παρίστατο ἡ τελευτή, παῖδα ἔτι ἀπολείψειν, καὶ ἐπιτρέπει τόν τε υἱὸν καὶ τὴν ἀρχὴν Νυκτεῖ.
ἔμελλε governs the infinitive ἀπολείψειν with accusative subject αὐτόν and predicative παῖδα; ὥς introduces a temporal/circumstantial clause. ἐπιτρέπει coordinates a second finite clause, with υἱόν and ἀρχήν as coordinated objects and Νυκτεί as dative recipient. The exact antecedent and nuance of οἱ are somewhat context-dependent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔμελλε | μέλλω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 17 ἐπιτρέπει | conj | high | Finite verb coordinated with ἐπιτρέπει; takes an infinitival complement. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔμελλε | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle. |
| 3 | ἄρα | ἄρα | PART | PART | _ | 1 ἔμελλε | advmod | high | Inferential particle. |
| 4 | αὐτόν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM3S | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 14 ἀπολείψειν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 παρίστατο | punct | high | |
| 6 | ὥς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 παρίστατο | mark | high | Introduces a temporal/circumstantial subordinate clause. |
| 7 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P-DM3S | Case=Dative|Number=Singular|PronType=Prs | 8 παρίστατο | iobj | medium | Dative pronoun, likely ethical/experiencer dative with παρίστατο; person/gender interpretation is context-dependent. |
| 8 | παρίστατο | παρίστημι | VERB | V-IMI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Middle | 1 ἔμελλε | advcl | high | Finite verb of the ὥς clause. |
| 9 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NSF | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 10 τελευτή | det | high | |
| 10 | τελευτή | τελευτή | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 8 παρίστατο | nsubj | high | Subject of παρίστατο. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 παρίστατο | punct | high | |
| 12 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 14 ἀπολείψειν | xcomp | high | Predicative accusative with ἀπολείψειν, ‘leave him as a child’. |
| 13 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | ADV | _ | 14 ἀπολείψειν | advmod | high | Modifies the infinitive. |
| 14 | ἀπολείψειν | ἀπολείπω | VERB | V-FAI | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Future|Voice=Active | 1 ἔμελλε | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of ἔμελλε. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐπιτρέπει | punct | high | |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 ἐπιτρέπει | cc | high | Coordinates ἐπιτρέπει with ἔμελλε. |
| 17 | ἐπιτρέπει | ἐπιτρέπω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite predicate. |
| 18 | τόν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 20 υἱὸν | det | high | |
| 19 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 υἱὸν | cc | high | First member of the correlative coordination τόν τε υἱὸν καὶ τὴν ἀρχήν. |
| 20 | υἱὸν | υἱός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 17 ἐπιτρέπει | obj | high | First coordinated object of ἐπιτρέπει. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 23 ἀρχὴν | cc | high | Coordinates ἀρχήν with υἱόν. |
| 22 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 23 ἀρχὴν | det | high | |
| 23 | ἀρχὴν | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 17 ἐπιτρέπει | obj | high | Second coordinated object of ἐπιτρέπει. |
| 24 | Νυκτεῖ | Νυκτεύς | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 17 ἐπιτρέπει | iobj | high | Dative recipient/addressee of ἐπιτρέπει; lemma normalized to nominative. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐπιτρέπει | punct | high |