Grammar parses for passage 9.6.4
Open translation for this passage
κρατηθέντες δὲ μάχῃ περὶ Κόρινθόν τε καὶ ἐν Κορωνείᾳ, νικῶσιν αὖθις ἐν Λεύκτροις ἐπιφανεστάτην νίκην ὁπόσας γενομένας Ἕλλησιν ἴσμεν κατὰ Ἑλλήνων·
The opening passive participle is circumstantial/concessive; the closing ὁπόσας ... ἴσμεν construction is a quantifying relative expression, with an apparent number mismatch in the transmitted wording.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κρατηθέντες | κρατέω | VERB | V-APP-NMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plur|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 11 νικῶσιν | advcl | high | Aorist passive participle, concessive/circumstantial: having been defeated. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 νικῶσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | μάχῃ | μάχη | NOUN | N-D3S | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 κρατηθέντες | obl | medium | Dative of respect/circumstance with κρατηθέντες: defeated in battle. |
| 4 | περὶ | περί | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Κόρινθόν | case | high | |
| 5 | Κόρινθόν | Κόρινθος | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 μάχῃ | nmod | high | Place-name governed by περί. |
| 6 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 Κόρινθόν | cc | high | |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 Κορωνείᾳ | cc | high | Coordinates the two battle locations. |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 Κορωνείᾳ | case | high | |
| 9 | Κορωνείᾳ | Κορώνεια | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 μάχῃ | nmod | high | Second battle location, coordinated with περί Κόρινθον. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 νικῶσιν | punct | high | |
| 11 | νικῶσιν | νικάω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Historical present. |
| 12 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | ADV | _ | 11 νικῶσιν | advmod | high | |
| 13 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 14 Λεύκτροις | case | high | |
| 14 | Λεύκτροις | Λεῦκτρα | PROPN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 νικῶσιν | obl | high | Battle location. |
| 15 | ἐπιφανεστάτην | ἐπιφανής | ADJ | A-SAF-SUP | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 νίκην | amod | high | |
| 16 | νίκην | νίκη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 νικῶσιν | obj | high | |
| 17 | ὁπόσας | ὁπόσος | PRON | A-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 18 γενομένας | obj | medium | Relative/quantifying pronoun with γενομένας; number mismatch with νίκην reflects the idiom 'as many ... as'. |
| 18 | γενομένας | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-AMP-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Mood=Participle|Number=Plur|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 16 νίκην | acl:relcl | medium | Participial relative construction modifying the quantified victories. |
| 19 | Ἕλλησιν | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 γενομένας | obl | high | Dative with γενομένας: occurring among the Greeks. |
| 20 | ἴσμεν | οἶδα | VERB | V-RAI-1P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 18 γενομένας | acl:relcl | medium | Perfect-form verb with present meaning; governs the comparison/relative assertion. |
| 21 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 22 Ἑλλήνων | case | high | |
| 22 | Ἑλλήνων | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 ἴσμεν | obl | high | κατά with genitive: against the Greeks. |
| 23 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 νικῶσιν | punct | high |
καὶ δεκαδαρχίας τε, ἃς Λακεδαιμόνιοι κατέστησαν ἐν ταῖς πόλεσιν, ἔπαυσαν καὶ ἁρμοστὰς τοὺς Σπαρτιάτας ἐκβάλλουσιν.
The accusative δεκαδαρχίας is coordinated with an omitted prior object and is the object of ἔπαυσαν; ἃς is its relative accusative object with Λακεδαιμόνιοι as subject. The coordinated ἐκβάλλουσιν takes ἁρμοστὰς τοὺς Σπαρτιάτας as a predicative/object-like accusative construction, here analyzed as object with apposition.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 ἔπαυσαν | cc | high | |
| 2 | δεκαδαρχίας | δεκαδαρχία | NOUN | N-AF-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 ἔπαυσαν | obj | high | Coordinated with an omitted or contextually supplied object. |
| 3 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 2 δεκαδαρχίας | cc | high | Postpositive coordination particle. |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἔπαυσαν | punct | high | |
| 5 | ἃς | ὅς | PRON | P-AF-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 7 κατέστησαν | obj | high | |
| 6 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 κατέστησαν | nsubj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 7 | κατέστησαν | καθίστημι | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 12 ἔπαυσαν | acl:relcl | high | |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 10 πόλεσιν | case | high | |
| 9 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | DAF-P | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 πόλεσιν | det | high | |
| 10 | πόλεσιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-DP-P | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 κατέστησαν | obl | high | |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἔπαυσαν | punct | high | |
| 12 | ἔπαυσαν | παύω | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Subject is understood from context. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 ἐκβάλλουσιν | cc | high | Coordinates the second finite verb with ἔπαυσαν. |
| 14 | ἁρμοστὰς | ἁρμοστής | NOUN | N-AM-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 Σπαρτιάτας | appos | medium | Accusative designation/apposition to Σπαρτιάτας; construction may also be read as a predicative complement of ἐκβάλλουσιν. |
| 15 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | DAM-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 16 Σπαρτιάτας | det | high | |
| 16 | Σπαρτιάτας | Σπαρτιάτης | PROPN | NAPM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ἐκβάλλουσιν | obj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 17 | ἐκβάλλουσιν | ἐκβάλλω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 12 ἔπαυσαν | conj | high | |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἔπαυσαν | punct | high |
ὕστερον δὲ καὶ τὸν Φωκικὸν πόλεμον, ὀνομαζόμενον δὲ ὑπὸ Ἑλλήνων ἱερόν, συνεχῶς δέκα ἔτεσιν ἐπολέμησαν.
The coordinated accusative τὸν Φωκικὸν πόλεμον is the object of ἐπολέμησαν; ὀνομαζόμενον ... ἱερόν is a passive participial adjunct, with ὑπό governing the genitive agent. ἔτεσιν is an instrumental/durative dative with δέκα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὕστερον | ὕστερος | ADV | Adverbial accusative neuter singular | Degree=Pos | 17 ἐπολέμησαν | advmod | medium | Adverbialized neuter accusative, ‘later’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 ἐπολέμησαν | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 ἐπολέμησαν | cc | high | Connective καί. |
| 4 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 πόλεμον | det | high | |
| 5 | Φωκικὸν | Φωκικός | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 πόλεμον | amod | high | |
| 6 | πόλεμον | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἐπολέμησαν | obj | high | |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ὀνομαζόμενον | punct | high | |
| 8 | ὀνομαζόμενον | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-PMPASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 6 πόλεμον | acl | high | Agrees with πόλεμον; predicative passive participle. |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ὀνομαζόμενον | cc | high | |
| 10 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 Ἑλλήνων | case | high | Agent preposition with genitive. |
| 11 | Ἑλλήνων | Ἕλλην | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ὀνομαζόμενον | obl:agent | high | Genitive agent of the passive participle. |
| 12 | ἱερόν | ἱερός | ADJ | A-SAN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ὀνομαζόμενον | xcomp | medium | Predicative accusative complement of ὀνομαζόμενον; substantivized/elliptical ἱερόν. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 συνεχῶς | punct | high | |
| 14 | συνεχῶς | συνεχῶς | ADV | ADV | _ | 17 ἐπολέμησαν | advmod | high | |
| 15 | δέκα | δέκα | NUM | N-AQA | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 16 ἔτεσιν | nummod | medium | Cardinal modifying dative ἔτεσιν; indeclinable. |
| 16 | ἔτεσιν | ἔτος | NOUN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 ἐπολέμησαν | obl:tmod | high | Durative/instrumental dative of time. |
| 17 | ἐπολέμησαν | πολεμέω | VERB | V-AAI3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐπολέμησαν | punct | high |