Grammar parses for passage 9.7.2
Open translation for this passage
δοκεῖ δέ μοι τὰς Θήβας οἰκίσαι ὁ Κάσσανδρος κατὰ ἔχθος Ἀλεξάνδρου μάλιστα·
Impersonal δοκεῖ governs an infinitival clause; οἰκίσαι has an accusative subject Θήβας and nominative agent Κάσσανδρος, reflecting the construction's semantic and syntactic layering.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δοκεῖ | δοκέω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal δοκεῖ with infinitival complement. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 δοκεῖ | cc | high | |
| 3 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | P-DAT-1S | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 1 δοκεῖ | iobj | high | Dative of experiencer with δοκεῖ. |
| 4 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 Θήβας | det | high | |
| 5 | Θήβας | Θῆβαι | PROPN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Proper=Yes | 6 οἰκίσαι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive οἰκίσαι. |
| 6 | οἰκίσαι | οἰκίζω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 1 δοκεῖ | ccomp | high | Aorist infinitive complement of δοκεῖ. |
| 7 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 Κάσσανδρος | det | high | |
| 8 | Κάσσανδρος | Κάσσανδρος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Proper=Yes | 6 οἰκίσαι | nsubj | high | Nominative subject of the infinitive; syntactically distinct from accusative Θήβας. |
| 9 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | P | _ | 10 ἔχθος | case | high | Takes accusative ἔχθος. |
| 10 | ἔχθος | ἔχθος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 οἰκίσαι | obl | high | Prepositional circumstance: κατὰ ἔχθος, 'out of hostility'. |
| 11 | Ἀλεξάνδρου | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Proper=Yes | 10 ἔχθος | nmod | high | Dependent genitive with ἔχθος. |
| 12 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | ADV | Degree=Sup | 10 ἔχθος | advmod | medium | Superlative adverb scopes over the hostile motive phrase, though broader scope over οἰκίσαι is possible. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 δοκεῖ | punct | high |
ἐπεξῆλθε δὲ καὶ τὸν πάντα οἶκον Ἀλεξάνδρου φθείρων, ὃς Ὀλυμπιάδα γε παρέβαλε καταλεῦσαι τοῖς ἐπʼ αὐτὴν Μακεδόνων παρωξυσμένοις καὶ τοὺς παῖδας Ἀλεξάνδρου τόν τε ἐκ Βαρσίνης Ἡρακλέα καὶ Ἀλέξανδρον τὸν ἐκ Ῥωξάνης ἀπέκτεινεν ὑπὸ φαρμάκων.
The relative sequence headed by ὃς is difficult: παρέβαλε takes καταλεῦσαι, while ἀπέκτεινεν is coordinated with it and shares the relative subject; ὑπὸ φαρμάκων is formally an agentive prepositional phrase but may be instrumental in sense.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπεξῆλθε | ἐπεξέρχομαι | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἐπεξῆλθε | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 φθείρων | cc | high | Coordinating/additive particle with the participial clause. |
| 4 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 οἶκον | det | high | |
| 5 | πάντα | πᾶς | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 οἶκον | amod | high | |
| 6 | οἶκον | οἶκος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 φθείρων | obj | high | |
| 7 | Ἀλεξάνδρου | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 οἶκον | nmod | high | Possessive genitive. |
| 8 | φθείρων | φθείρω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 ἐπεξῆλθε | advcl | high | Present participle agreeing with the understood subject of ἐπεξῆλθε. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 φθείρων | punct | high | |
| 10 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | R-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 παρέβαλε | nsubj | medium | Relative pronoun; its antecedent and precise clause linkage are syntactically difficult. |
| 11 | Ὀλυμπιάδα | Ὀλυμπιάς | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 παρέβαλε | obj | high | |
| 12 | γε | γε | PART | PART | _ | 11 Ὀλυμπιάδα | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 13 | παρέβαλε | παραβάλλω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 1 ἐπεξῆλθε | parataxis | medium | Finite verb in the relative/parenthetical continuation. |
| 14 | καταλεῦσαι | καταλεύω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 13 παρέβαλε | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of παρέβαλε. |
| 15 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 παρωξυσμένοις | det | high | |
| 16 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 17 αὐτὴν | case | high | |
| 17 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 παρωξυσμένοις | obl | high | Object of ἐπί with accusative. |
| 18 | Μακεδόνων | Μακεδών | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 παρωξυσμένοις | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on the substantivized participle. |
| 19 | παρωξυσμένοις | παροξύνω | VERB | V-RPP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 14 καταλεῦσαι | obl | medium | Substantivized dative participle, likely the persons whom Alexander urged to stone Olympias. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 34 ἀπέκτεινεν | cc | high | |
| 21 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 παῖδας | det | high | |
| 22 | παῖδας | παῖς | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 34 ἀπέκτεινεν | obj | high | |
| 23 | Ἀλεξάνδρου | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 παῖδας | nmod | high | Possessive genitive. |
| 24 | τόν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 Ἡρακλέα | det | high | |
| 25 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 28 Ἡρακλέα | cc | high | |
| 26 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 27 Βαρσίνης | case | high | |
| 27 | Βαρσίνης | Βαρσίνη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 Ἡρακλέα | nmod | high | |
| 28 | Ἡρακλέα | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 παῖδας | conj | high | First coordinated child. |
| 29 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 30 Ἀλέξανδρον | cc | high | |
| 30 | Ἀλέξανδρον | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 παῖδας | conj | high | Second coordinated child. |
| 31 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 Ἀλέξανδρον | det | high | |
| 32 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 33 Ῥωξάνης | case | high | |
| 33 | Ῥωξάνης | Ῥωξάνη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 Ἀλέξανδρον | nmod | high | |
| 34 | ἀπέκτεινεν | ἀποκτείνω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 13 παρέβαλε | conj | high | Second coordinated finite predicate, sharing subject ὃς. |
| 35 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 36 φαρμάκων | case | high | Agent phrase with genitive. |
| 36 | φαρμάκων | φάρμακον | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 34 ἀπέκτεινεν | obl:agent | medium | Genitive under ὑπό; semantic reading may be instrumental ('by means of drugs') rather than personal agent. |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 34 ἀπέκτεινεν | punct | high |
οὐ μὴν οὐδὲ αὐτὸς χαίρων τὸν βίον κατέστρεψεν· ἐπλήσθη γὰρ ὑδέρῳ, καὶ ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ ζῶντι ἐγένοντο εὐλαί.
The first clause has an elided subject understood from αὐτός and a participial χαίρων; in the second clause ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ means ‘from/by it’, with ζῶντι agreeing datively with the understood person and εὐλαί as the subject of ἐγένοντο.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 8 κατέστρεψεν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | μὴν | μήν | PART | D-------- | _ | 8 κατέστρεψεν | discourse | high | Confirmatory/contrastive particle. |
| 3 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | C-------- | Polarity=Neg | 4 αὐτὸς | cc | high | Negative additive conjunction, ‘nor/even not’. |
| 4 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | P---NM-S-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 8 κατέστρεψεν | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | χαίρων | χαίρω | VERB | VกPAP-SNM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 κατέστρεψεν | advcl | high | Concessive or circumstantial participle; exact force uncertain. |
| 6 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 βίον | det | high | |
| 7 | βίον | βίος | NOUN | N---ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 κατέστρεψεν | obj | high | |
| 8 | κατέστρεψεν | καταστρέφω | VERB | VPAI3S--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 κατέστρεψεν | punct | high | |
| 10 | ἐπλήσθη | πίμπλημι | VERB | VAPI3S--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 8 κατέστρεψεν | conj | high | Passive aorist ‘was filled/afflicted’; subject is understood as αὐτός. |
| 11 | γὰρ | γάρ | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 ἐπλήσθη | mark | high | |
| 12 | ὑδέρῳ | ὕδερος | NOUN | N---DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἐπλήσθη | obl | high | Dative of affliction/condition, ‘with dropsy’. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐπλήσθη | punct | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 18 ἐγένοντο | cc | high | |
| 15 | ἀπʼ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 αὐτοῦ | case | high | Apocope before vowel. |
| 16 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | P---G-S--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 18 ἐγένοντο | obl | medium | Likely neuter/masculine genitive referring to the disease or affected person; reference is context-dependent. |
| 17 | ζῶντι | ζάω | VERB | VPAPDSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 18 ἐγένοντο | advcl | medium | Dative participle, probably referring to the person while alive; syntactic attachment is uncertain. |
| 18 | ἐγένοντο | γίγνομαι | VERB | VAMI3P--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 10 ἐπλήσθη | conj | high | |
| 19 | εὐλαί | εὐλή | NOUN | N---NFP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 18 ἐγένοντο | nsubj | high | Nominal subject, ‘worms’. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἐγένοντο | punct | high |