Pausanias Analysis

Word-level lemma forms extracted for each sentence

Chapter 1.21

PassageSentenceGreekEnglishLemma FormsMissing
1.21.1 1 εἰσὶ δὲ Ἀθηναίοις εἰκόνες ἐν τῷ θεάτρῳ καὶ τραγῳδίας καὶ κωμῳδίας ποιητῶν, αἱ πολλαὶ τῶν ἀφανεστέρων· The Athenians have statues in their theatre of poets both of tragedy and comedy, most of whom are relatively obscure. εἰμί δέ Ἀθηναῖος εἰκών ἐν ὁ θέατρον καί τραγῳδία καί κωμῳδία ποιητής ὁ πολύς ὁ ἀφανής 0
1.21.1 2 ὅτι μὴ γὰρ Μένανδρος, οὐδεὶς ἦν ποιητὴς κωμῳδίας τῶν ἐς δόξαν ἡκόντων. For aside from Menander, there was no comic poet worthy of notable fame. ὅτι μή γάρ Μένανδρος οὐδείς εἰμί ποιητής κωμῳδία ὁ εἰς δόξα ἥκω 0
1.21.1 3 τραγῳδίας δὲ κεῖνται τῶν φανερῶν Εὐριπίδης καὶ Σοφοκλῆς. Among the famous tragedians represented there are Euripides and Sophocles. τραγῳδία δέ κεῖμαι ὁ φανερός Εὐριπίδης καί Σοφοκλῆς 0
1.21.1 4 λέγεται δὲ Σοφοκλέους τελευτήσαντος ἐσβαλεῖν ἐς τὴν Ἀττικὴν Λακεδαιμονίους, καὶ σφῶν τὸν ἡγούμενον ἰδεῖν ἐπιστάντα οἱ Διόνυσον κελεύειν τιμαῖς, ὅσαι καθεστήκασιν ἐπὶ τοῖς τεθνεῶσι, τὴν Σειρῆνα τὴν νέαν τιμᾶν· They say that upon Sophocles' death the Lacedaemonians invaded Attica, and their commander had a vision of Dionysus standing over him and commanding him to honor with customary funeral rites the new Siren; λέγω δέ Σοφοκλῆς τελευτάω ἐμβάλλω εἰς ὁ Ἀττικός Λακεδαιμόνιος καί σφεῖς ὁ ἡγέομαι ὁράω ἐφίστημι ὁ Διόνυσος κελεύω τιμή ὅσος καθίστημι ἐπί ὁ θνῄσκω ὁ σειρήν ὁ νέος τιμάω 0
1.21.1 5 καί οἱ τὸ ὄναρ ἐς Σοφοκλέα καὶ τὴν Σοφοκλέους ποίησιν ἐφαίνετο ἔχειν, εἰώθασι δὲ καὶ νῦν ἔτι ποιημάτων καὶ λόγων τὸ ἐπαγωγὸν Σειρῆνι εἰκάζειν. and this dream seemed clearly to refer to Sophocles and his poetry, for even now it remains customary to liken the charm of poetry and eloquence to a Siren. καί ὁ ὁ ὄναρ εἰς Σοφοκλῆς καί ὁ Σοφοκλῆς ποίησις φαίνω ἔχω ἔθω δέ καί νῦν ἔτι ποίημα καί λόγος ὁ ἐπαγωγός σειρήν εἰκάζω 0
1.21.2 1 τὴν δὲ εἰκόνα τὴν Αἰσχύλου πολλῷ τε ὕστερον τῆς τελευτῆς δοκῶ ποιηθῆναι καὶ τῆς γραφῆς ἣ τὸ ἔργον ἔχει τὸ Μαραθῶνι. The portrait of Aeschylus, I believe, was made much later than his death and later than the painting showing the battle at Marathon. ὁ δέ εἰκών ὁ Αἰσχύλος πολύς τε ὕστερον ὁ τελευτή δοκέω ποιέω καί ὁ γραφή ὅς ὁ ἔργον ἔχω ὁ Μαραθών 0
1.21.2 2 ἔφη δὲ Αἰσχύλος μειράκιον ὢν καθεύδειν ἐν ἀγρῷ φυλάσσων σταφυλάς, Aeschylus, it is said, while still a youth, fell asleep as he kept watch over grape clusters in a field. φημί δέ Αἴσχυλος μειράκιον εἰμί καθεύδω ἐν ἀγρός φυλάσσω σταφυλή 0
1.21.2 3 καί οἱ Διόνυσον ἐπιστάντα κελεῦσαι τραγῳδίαν ποιεῖν· Dionysus appeared, standing beside him, and commanded him to compose tragedy. καί ὁ Διόνυσος ἐφίστημι κελεύω τραγῳδία ποιέω 0
1.21.2 4 ὡς δὲ ἦν ἡμέρα--- πείθεσθαι γὰρ ἐθέλειν---ῥᾷστα ἤδη πειρώμενος ποιεῖν. At daybreak—for Aeschylus was eager to obey—he immediately set about attempting to compose it. ὡς δέ εἰμί ἡμέρα πείθομαι γάρ ἐθέλω ῥᾷστος ἤδη πειράω ποιέω 0
1.21.3 1 οὗτος μὲν ταῦτα ἔλεγεν· These things he related. οὗτος μέν οὗτος λέγω 0
1.21.3 2 ἐπὶ δὲ τοῦ Νοτίου καλουμένου τείχους, ὃ τῆς ἀκροπόλεως ἐς τὸ θέατρόν ἐστι τετραμμένον, ἐπὶ τούτου Μεδούσης τῆς Γοργόνος ἐπίχρυσος ἀνάκειται κεφαλή, καὶ περὶ αὐτὴν αἰγὶς πεποίηται. Upon the wall known as the Southern, which faces toward the theater from the Acropolis, there is placed a gilded head of Medusa the Gorgon, and around it is fashioned an aegis. ἐπί δέ ὁ νότιος καλέω τεῖχος ὅς ὁ ἀκρόπολις εἰς ὁ θέατρον εἰμί τρέπω ἐπί οὗτος Μεδούσα ὁ γοργός ἐπίχρυσος ἀνάκειμαι κεφαλή καί περί αὐτός αἰγίς ποιέω 0
1.21.3 3 ἐν δὲ τῇ κορυφῇ τοῦ θεάτρου σπήλαιόν ἐστιν ἐν ταῖς πέτραις ὑπὸ τὴν ἀκρόπολιν· At the very top of the theater, under the Acropolis and among the rocks, is a cave. ἐν δέ ὁ κορυφή ὁ θέατρον σπήλαιον εἰμί ἐν ὁ πέτρα ὑπό ὁ ἀκρόπολις 0
1.21.3 4 τρίπους δὲ ἔπεστι καὶ τούτῳ· Above this also stands a tripod. τρίπους δέ ἔπειμι καί οὗτος 0
1.21.3 5 Ἀπόλλων δὲ ἐν αὐτῷ καὶ Ἄρτεμις τοὺς παῖδάς εἰσιν ἀναιροῦντες τοὺς Νιόβης. Within the cave, Apollo and Artemis are depicted slaying the children of Niobe. Ἀπόλλων δέ ἐν αὐτός καί Ἄρτεμις ὁ παῖς εἰμί ἀναιρέω ὁ Νιόβη 0
1.21.3 6 ταύτην τὴν Νιόβην καὶ αὐτὸς εἶδον ἀνελθὼν ἐς τὸν Σίπυλον τὸ ὄρος· ἡ δὲ πλησίον μὲν πέτρα καὶ κρημνός ἐστιν οὐδὲν παρόντι σχῆμα παρεχόμενος γυναικὸς οὔτε ἄλλως οὔτε πενθούσης· εἰ δέ γε πορρωτέρω γένοιο, δεδακρυμένην δόξεις ὁρᾶν καὶ κατηφῆ γυναῖκα. This same Niobe I myself saw when I ascended Mount Sipylus: from near at hand it is simply a rock and cliff, showing no resemblance whatsoever either to a woman or to one grieving; but if you go a little further away, it seems indeed like a woman bowed down in sorrow, shedding tears. οὗτος ὁ Νιόβη καί αὐτός ὁράω ἀνέρχομαι εἰς ὁ Σίπυλος ὁ ὄρος ὁ δέ πλησίον μέν πέτρα καί κρημνός εἰμί οὐδέν παρών σχῆμα παρέχομαι γυνή οὔτε ἄλλως οὔτε πενθέω εἰ δέ γε πορρωτέρω γίγνομαι δακρύω δόξις ὁράω καί κατηφής γυνή 0
1.21.4 1 ἰόντων δὲ Ἀθήνῃσιν ἐς τὴν ἀκρόπολιν ἀπὸ τοῦ θεάτρου τέθαπται Κάλως· On the road leading to the Acropolis in Athens from the theatre is buried Kalos. εἶμι δέ Ἀθήνησι εἰς ὁ ἀκρόπολις ἀπό ὁ θέατρον θάπτω κάλος 0
1.21.4 2 τοῦτον τὸν Κάλων ἀδελφῆς παῖδα ὄντα καὶ τῆς τέχνης μαθητὴν φονεύσας Δαίδαλος ἐς Κρήτην ἔφυγε, χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον ἐς Σικελίαν ἐκδιδράσκει παρὰ Κώκαλον. Daedalus, having slain this Kalos, who was his sister's son and pupil in his craft, fled to Crete, and some time later escaped to Sicily, to the court of Cocalus. οὗτος ὁ κάλων ἀδελφή παῖς εἰμί καί ὁ τέχνη μαθητής φονεύω Δαίδαλος εἰς Κρήτη φεύγω χρόνος δέ ὕστερον εἰς Σικελία ἐκδιδράσκω παρά κώκαλον 0
1.21.4 3 τοῦ δὲ Ἀσκληπιοῦ τὸ ἱερὸν ἔς τε τὰ ἀγάλματά ἐστιν, ὁπόσα τοῦ θεοῦ πεποίηται καὶ τῶν παίδων, καὶ ἐς τὰς γραφὰς θέας ἄξιον· The sanctuary of Asclepius is worthy of viewing both for the statues—those depicting the god and his children—and for the paintings it contains. ὁ δέ Ἀσκληπιός ὁ ἱερός εἰς τε ὁ ἄγαλμα εἰμί ὁπόσος ὁ θεός ποιέω καί ὁ παῖς καί εἰς ὁ γραφή θέα ἄξιος 0
1.21.4 4 ἔστι δὲ ἐν αὐτῷ κρήνη, παρʼ ᾗ λέγουσι Ποσειδῶνος παῖδα Ἁλιρρόθιον θυγατέρα Ἄρεως Ἀλκίππην αἰσχύναντα ἀποθανεῖν ὑπὸ Ἄρεως, καὶ δίκην ἐπὶ τούτῳ τῷ φόνῳ γενέσθαι πρῶτον. Within it there is a spring, by which they say Halirrhothius, son of Poseidon, was slain by Ares, after he molested Alcippe, the daughter of Ares, and that this was the first trial held concerning homicide. εἰμί δέ ἐν αὐτός κρήνη παρά ὅς λέγω Ποσειδῶν παῖς ἁλιρρόθιος θυγάτηρ Ἄρης Ἀλκίππη αἰσχύνω ἀποθνῄσκω ὑπό Ἄρης καί δίκη ἐπί οὗτος ὁ φόνος γίγνομαι πρῶτος 0
1.21.5 1 ἐνταῦθα ἄλλα τε καὶ Σαυροματικὸς ἀνάκειται θώραξ· ἐς τοῦτόν τις ἰδὼν οὐδὲν ἧσσον Ἑλλήνων τοὺς βαρβάρους φήσει σοφοὺς ἐς τὰς τέχνας εἶναι. Here among other objects is placed a Sarmatian breastplate; whoever sees this will declare that the barbarians are no less ingenious in craftsmanship than the Greeks themselves. ἐνταῦθα ἄλλος τε καί σαυροματικός ἀνάκειμαι θώραξ εἰς οὗτος τις ὁράω οὐδέν ἧσσων Ἕλλην ὁ βάρβαρος φημί σοφός εἰς ὁ τέχνη εἰμί 0
1.21.5 2 Σαυρομάταις γὰρ οὔτε αὐτοῖς σίδηρός ἐστιν ὀρυσσόμενος οὔτε σφίσιν ἐσάγουσιν· ἄμικτοι γὰρ μάλιστα τῶν ταύτῃ βαρβάρων εἰσί. The Sarmatians neither have iron ore mined in their own land nor do they import it from abroad; for they are especially isolated among the barbarians in these parts. σαυρομάτης γάρ οὔτε αὐτός σιδήριος εἰμί ὀρύσσω οὔτε σφεῖς εἰσάγω ἄμικτος γάρ μάλιστα ὁ οὗτος βάρβαρος εἰμί 0
1.21.5 3 πρὸς οὖν τὴν ἀπορίαν ταύτην ἐξεύρηταί σφισιν· ἐπὶ μὲν τοῖς δόρασιν αἰχμὰς ὀστεΐνας ἀντὶ σιδήρου φοροῦσι, τόξα τε κράνινα καὶ ὀιστοὺς καὶ ὀστεΐνας ἀκίδας ἐπὶ τοῖς ὀιστοῖς· Therefore they have devised the following solution to this shortage: instead of iron, they fit their spearheads with bone points, and use bows made of horn, arrows, and bone-tipped darts. πρός οὖν ὁ ἀπορία οὗτος ἐξευρίσκομαι σφεῖς ἐπί μέν ὁ δόρυ αἰχμή ὀστέινος ἀντί σίδηρος φορέω τόξον τε κράνινον καί ὀιστός καί ὀστέινος ἀκίς ἐπί ὁ ὀιστός 0
1.21.5 4 καὶ σειραῖς περιβαλόντες τῶν πολεμίων ὁπόσους καὶ τύχοιεν, τοὺς ἵππους ἀποστρέψαντες ἀνατρέπουσι τοὺς ἐνσχεθέντας ταῖς σειραῖς. They also throw ropes around their enemies and, when they catch them, they wheel their horses about and overturn those thus entangled. καί σειρά περιβάλλω ὁ πολέμιος ὅσος καί τύχω ὁ ἵππος ἀποστρέφω ἀνατρέπω ὁ σχέω ὁ σειρά 0
1.21.6 1 τοὺς δὲ θώρακας ποιοῦνται τὸν τρόπον τοῦτον. Their breastplates they fashion in the following manner. ὁ δέ θώραξ ποιέω ὁ τρόπος οὗτος 0
1.21.6 2 ἵππους πολλὰς ἕκαστος τρέφει, ὡς ἂν οὔτε ἐς ἰδιωτῶν κλήρους τῆς γῆς μεμερισμένης οὔτε τι φερούσης πλὴν ὕλης ἀγρίας ἅτε ὄντων νομάδων· Each man rears many horses, since, as nomads, their land is neither divided into private holdings nor producing anything except wild woodlands. ἵππος πολύς ἕκαστος τρέφω ὡς ἄν οὔτε εἰς ἰδιώτης κλῆρος ὁ γῆ μερίζω οὔτε τις φέρω πλήν ὕλη ἄγριος ἅτε εἰμί νομάς 0
1.21.6 3 ταύταις οὐκ ἐς πόλεμον χρῶνται μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ θεοῖς θύουσιν ἐπιχωρίοις καὶ ἄλλως σιτοῦνται. These horses they use not only for warfare but also sacrifice to their local gods and, additionally, use as food. οὗτος οὐ εἰς πόλεμος χράομαι μόνος ἀλλά καί θεός θύω ἐπιχώριος καί ἄλλως σιτέομαι 0
1.21.6 4 συλλεξάμενοι δὲ τὰς ὁπλὰς ἐκκαθήραντές τε καὶ διελόντες ποιοῦσιν ἀπʼ αὐτῶν ἐμφερῆ δρακόντων φολίσιν· Gathering the hoofs, they clean and split them, then make from these pieces something resembling serpent scales. συλλαμβάνω δέ ὁ ὁπλάς ἐκκαθαίρω τε καί διαιρέω ποιέω ἀπό αὐτός ἐμφερής δράκων φολίς 0
1.21.6 5 ὅστις δὲ οὐκ εἶδέ πω δράκοντα, πίτυός γε εἶδε καρπὸν χλωρὸν ἔτι· If someone has never before seen a serpent, certainly he has seen the still-green cone of a pine tree. ὅστις δέ οὐ οἶδα πω δράκων πίτυς γε ὁράω καρπός χλωρός ἔτι 0
1.21.6 6 ταῖς οὖν ἐπὶ τῷ καρπῷ τῆς πίτυος φαινομέναις ἐντομαῖς εἰκάζων τὸ ἔργον τὸ ἐκ τῆς ὁπλῆς οὐκ ἂν ἁμαρτάνοι. Thus, comparing this work made from hoofs to the overlapping scales visible on a pine cone, one would not be mistaken. ὁ οὖν ἐπί ὁ καρπός ὁ πίτυς φαίνομαι ἐντομαί εἰκάζω ὁ ἔργον ὁ ἐκ ὁ ὁπλή οὐ ἄν ἁμαρτάνω 0
1.21.6 7 ταῦτα διατρήσαντες καὶ νεύροις ἵππων καὶ βοῶν συρράψαντες χρῶνται θώραξιν οὔτε εὐπρεπείᾳ τῶν Ἑλληνικῶν ἀποδέουσιν οὔτε ἀσθενεστέροις· Piercing these scales and sewing them together using horse or ox sinews, they produce breastplates that are neither inferior in beauty nor weaker than the Greek ones. οὗτος διατρήχω καί νεῦρον ἵππος καί βοῦς συρράπτω χράομαι θώραξ οὔτε εὐπρέπεια ὁ Ἑλληνικός ἀποδέω οὔτε ἀσθενής 0
1.21.6 8 καὶ γὰρ συστάδην τυπτόμενοι καὶ βληθέντες ἀνέχονται. Indeed, they withstand blows both at close quarters and from afar. καί γάρ συστάδην τύπτω καί βάλλω ἀνέχομαι 0
1.21.7 1 οἱ δὲ θώρακες οἱ λινοῖ μαχομένοις μὲν οὐχ ὁμοίως εἰσὶ χρήσιμοι, διιᾶσι γὰρ καὶ βιαζόμενοι τὸν σίδηρον· The linen corselets, however, are not equally useful in warfare, for iron weapons can pierce through them when forced. ὁ δέ θώραξ ὁ λίνον μάχομαι μέν οὐ ὁμοίως εἰμί χρήσιμος διίημι γάρ καί βιάζομαι ὁ σίδηρος 0
1.21.7 2 θηρεύοντας δὲ ὠφελοῦσιν, ἐναποκλῶνται γάρ σφισι καὶ λεόντων ὀδόντες καὶ παρδάλεων. But for hunting purposes they are beneficial, since even the teeth of lions and leopards become entangled in them. θηρεύω δέ ὠφελέω ἐναποκλάω γάρ σφεῖς καί λέων ὀδούς καί πάρδαλις 0
1.21.7 3 θώρακας δὲ λινοῦς ἰδεῖν ἔν τε ἄλλοις ἱεροῖς ἔστιν ἀνακειμένους καὶ ἐν Γρυνείῳ, ἔνθα Ἀπόλλωνος κάλλιστον ἄλσος δένδρων καὶ ἡμέρων καὶ ὅσα τῶν ἀκάρπων ὀσμῆς παρέχεταί τινα ἢ θέας ἡδονήν. Linen corselets may be seen dedicated in various sanctuaries, notably at Gryneium, where there is a most beautiful grove of Apollo, with trees both cultivated and fruitless varieties offering either fragrance or a pleasing appearance. θώραξ δέ λινούς ὁράω εἰμί τε ἄλλος ἱερός εἰμί ἀνακείμενος καί ἐν Γρύνειον ἔνθα Ἀπόλλων καλός ἄλσος δένδρον καί ἡμέρα καί ὅσος ὁ ἄκαρπος ὀσμή παρέχομαι τις ἤ θέα ἡδονή 0