Pausanias Analysis

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Chapter 2.35

PassageSentenceBucketConfidenceGreekEnglishRationale
2.35.1 1 other high πλησίον δὲ αὐτοῦ Διονύσου ναὸς Μελαναίγιδος· τούτῳ μουσικῆς ἀγῶνα κατὰ ἔτος ἕκαστον ἄγουσι, καὶ ἁμίλλης κολύμβου καὶ πλοίων τιθέασιν ἆθλα· Near it is a sanctuary of Dionysus called Melanaigis; for him they celebrate annually a musical contest, and they offer prizes also for competition in swimming and boat-races. Describes a sanctuary and annual contests/prizes, which are cultic and descriptive rather than mythic or historical event.
2.35.1 2 mythic high καὶ Ἀρτέμιδος ἐπίκλησιν Ἰφιγενείας ἐστὶν ἱερὸν καὶ Ποσειδῶν χαλκοῦς τὸν ἕτερον πόδα ἔχων ἐπὶ δελφῖνος. There is also a temple of Artemis surnamed Iphigenia, and a bronze statue of Poseidon standing with one foot upon a dolphin. The temple of Artemis Iphigenia refers to the myth of Iphigenia and Artemis, and the cult statue of Poseidon is part of the mythic religious landscape.
2.35.1 3 other high παρελθοῦσι δὲ ἐς τὸ τῆς Ἑστίας, ἄγαλμα μέν ἐστιν οὐδέν, βωμὸς δέ· Passing into the sanctuary of Hestia, there is no image present, only an altar. A sanctuary description noting the absence of an image and presence of an altar is descriptive/antiquarian, not mythic or historical.
2.35.2 1 other high καὶ ἐπʼ αὐτοῦ θύουσιν Ἑστίᾳ. Upon it they sacrifice to Hestia. A cultic action at a place; descriptive religious practice, not a mythic event or post-500 BC historical event.
2.35.2 2 other high Ἀπόλλωνος δέ εἰσι ναοὶ τρεῖς καὶ ἀγάλματα τρία· There are three temples and three statues of Apollo. Describes existing temples and statues of Apollo, a geographical/architectural detail rather than an event.
2.35.2 3 other high καὶ τῷ μὲν οὐκ ἔστιν ἐπίκλησις, τὸν δὲ Πυθαέα οὕτως ὀνομάζουσι, καὶ Ὅριον τὸν τρίτον. One of these has no special epithet, another they name Pytheus, and the third is called Horios ("of Boundaries"). This is a naming/epithet note about cult figures, not a mythic event or historical event.
2.35.2 4 mythic high τὸ μὲν δὴ τοῦ Πυθαέως ὄνομα μεμαθήκασι παρὰ Ἀργείων· τούτοις γὰρ Ἑλλήνων πρώτοις ἀφικέσθαι Τελέσιλλά φησι τὸν Πυθαέα ἐς τὴν χώραν Ἀπόλλωνος παῖδα ὄντα· They learned the name Pytheus from the Argives, for, according to Telesilla, Pytheus, a son of Apollo, was the first among the Greeks to come to their land. Pytheus is presented as a son of Apollo and the first to come to the Argive land, a mythic origin tradition affecting local identity.
2.35.2 5 historical medium τὸν δὲ Ὅριον ἐφʼ ὅτῳ καλοῦσιν, σαφῶς μὲν οὐκ ἂν ἔχοιμι εἰπεῖν, τεκμαίρομαι δὲ περὶ γῆς ὅρων πολέμῳ σφᾶς ἢ δίκῃ νικήσαντας ἐπὶ τῷδε τιμὰς Ἀπόλλωνι Ὁρίῳ νεῖμαι. As for the one they call Horios, I cannot say precisely why they gave him this name, but I conjecture that they so honored Apollo under the title "Horios" after winning, whether by war or in arbitration, some dispute over territorial boundaries. Refers to a territorial dispute won by war or arbitration and the resulting cult title, which concerns post-mythic historical civic action.
2.35.3 1 other high τὸ δὲ ἱερὸν τῆς Τύχης νεώτατον μὲν λέγουσιν Ἑρμιονεῖς τῶν παρά σφισιν εἶναι, λίθου δὲ Παρίου κολοσσὸς ἕστηκεν. The sanctuary of Tyche, according to the Hermioneans, is the most recent among the temples in their city, and in it stands a colossal statue made from Parian marble. Describes a sanctuary and statue in Hermione; this is local topography/description, not mythic or historical event.
2.35.3 2 other high κρήνας δὲ τὴν μὲν σφόδρα ἔχουσιν ἀρχαίαν, ἐς δὲ αὐτὴν οὐ φανερῶς τὸ ὕδωρ κάτεισιν, ἐπιλείποι δὲ οὐκ ἄν ποτε, οὐδʼ εἰ πάντες καταβάντες ὑδρεύοιντο ἐξ αὐτῆς· They possess one very ancient spring, into which the water flows down invisibly. Purely geographical/descriptive note about a spring’s antiquity and hidden water flow, with no mythic or historical event.
2.35.3 3 other high τὴν δὲ ἐφʼ ἡμῶν πεποιήκασιν, ὄνομα δέ ἐστιν τῷ χωρίῳ Λειμών, ὅθεν ῥεῖ τὸ ὕδωρ ἐς αὐτήν. It would never run dry, even if all the people descended at once to draw water from it. Describes the spring's location and water source, a geographical/route detail rather than mythic or historical event.
2.35.4 1 other high τὸ δὲ λόγου μάλιστα ἄξιον ἱερὸν Δήμητρός ἐστιν ἐπὶ τοῦ Πρωνός. The sanctuary most worthy of mention is that of Demeter on Pron. A descriptive note identifying a sanctuary and its location, with no mythic or historical event.
2.35.4 2 mythic high τοῦτο τὸ ἱερὸν Ἑρμιονεῖς μὲν Κλύμενον Φορωνέως παῖδα καὶ ἀδελφὴν Κλυμένου Χθονίαν τοὺς ἱδρυσαμένους φασὶν εἶναι. According to the people of Hermione, this sanctuary was founded by Clymenus, the son of Phoroneus, and by Clymenus' sister Chthonia. A sanctuary foundation is attributed to figures from early mythic genealogies (Clymenus, Phoroneus, Chthonia).
2.35.4 3 mythic high Ἀργεῖοι δέ, ὅτε ἐς τὴν Ἀργολίδα ἦλθε Δημήτηρ, τότε Ἀθέραν μὲν λέγουσι καὶ Μύσιον ὡς ξενίαν παράσχοιεν τῇ θεῷ, Κολόνταν δὲ οὔτε οἴκῳ δέξασθαι τὴν θεὸν οὔτε ἀπονεῖμαί τι ἄλλο ἐς τιμήν· ταῦτα δὲ οὐ κατὰ γνώμην Χθονίᾳ τῇ θυγατρὶ ποιεῖν αὐτόν. But the Argives say that when Demeter came into the Argolis, Atheras and Mysius offered hospitality to the goddess, while Colontas neither welcomed her into his house nor showed her any other form of honor—and in so doing acted against the wishes of his daughter, Chthonia. Describes Demeter's arrival and the hospitable or inhospitable response of mortals, a mythic episode affecting local tradition.
2.35.4 4 mythic high Κολόνταν μὲν οὖν φασιν ἀντὶ τούτων συγκαταπρησθῆναι τῇ οἰκίᾳ, Χθονίαν δὲ κομισθεῖσαν ἐς Ἑρμιόνα ὑπὸ Δήμητρος Ἑρμιονεῦσι ποιῆσαι τὸ ἱερόν. For this, they say, Colontas was consumed by fire along with his house; but Chthonia was taken by Demeter to Hermione, where she established this sanctuary for the people of Hermione. Demeter taking Chthonia to Hermione and founding the sanctuary is a mythic aetiological event.
2.35.5 1 other high Χθονία δʼ οὖν ἡ θεός τε αὐτὴ καλεῖται καὶ Χθόνια ἑορτὴν κατὰ ἔτος ἄγουσιν ὥρᾳ θέρους, ἄγουσι δὲ οὕτως. The goddess herself is called Chthonia, and each year they celebrate a festival called the Chthonia during summertime, which they perform in this manner. Describes a festival and its timing/practice, which is antiquarian/cultic rather than a mythic event or post-500 BC historical event.
2.35.5 2 other high ἡγοῦνται μὲν αὐτοῖς τῆς πομπῆς οἵ τε ἱερεῖς τῶν θεῶν καὶ ὅσοι τὰς ἐπετείους ἀρχὰς ἔχουσιν, ἕπονται δὲ καὶ γυναῖκες καὶ ἄνδρες. Leading their procession are the priests of the gods and those who hold annual offices, followed by men and women. Describes the order of a procession and civic/religious participants, with no mythic or historical event.
2.35.5 3 other high τοῖς δὲ καὶ παισὶν ἔτι οὖσι καθέστηκεν ἤδη τὴν θεὸν τιμᾶν τῇ πομπῇ· οὗτοι λευκὴν ἐσθῆτα καὶ ἐπὶ ταῖς κεφαλαῖς ἔχουσι στεφάνους. Even the children take part in honoring the goddess by joining the procession; they wear white garments and wreaths on their heads. Describes ritual procession and participants' clothing, not a mythic or historical event.
2.35.5 4 mythic medium πλέκονται δὲ οἱ στέφανοί σφισιν ἐκ τοῦ ἄνθους ὃ καλοῦσιν οἱ ταύτῃ κοσμοσάνδαλον, ὑάκινθον ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν ὄντα καὶ μεγέθει καὶ χρόᾳ· ἔπεστι δέ οἱ καὶ τὰ ἐπὶ τῷ θρήνῳ γράμματα. Their wreaths are woven from the flower that the locals call kosmosandalon, which, in my view, resembles a hyacinth both in size and color; it even bears the same markings found in the lament associated with the hyacinth. The sentence describes a flower and its markings by reference to the hyacinth lament, which is rooted in mythic tradition.
2.35.6 1 other high τοῖς δὲ τὴν πομπὴν πέμπουσιν ἕπονται τελείαν ἐξ ἀγέλης βοῦν ἄγοντες διειλημμένην δεσμοῖς τε καὶ ὑβρίζουσαν ἔτι ὑπὸ ἀγριότητος. Those conducting the procession are followed by others leading a full-grown cow chosen from the herd, bound in ropes and still violent from its wildness. Describes a procession detail and sacrificial animal, purely ritual/descriptive rather than mythic or historical.
2.35.6 2 other high ἐλάσαντες δὲ πρὸς τὸν ναὸν οἱ μὲν ἔσω φέρεσθαι τὴν βοῦν ἐς τὸ ἱερὸν ἀνῆκαν ἐκ τῶν δεσμῶν, ἕτεροι δὲ ἀναπεπταμένας ἔχοντες τέως τὰς θύρας, ἐπειδὰν τὴν βοῦν ἴδωσιν ἐντὸς τοῦ ναοῦ, προσέθεσαν τὰς θύρας. Once they have driven it towards the temple, some loosen the ropes to let the cow run inside the sanctuary, while others, who until then hold the doors open wide, shut them as soon as they see the cow enter within. Describes ritual procedure at a temple, a geographical/descriptive cult practice rather than a mythic or historical event.
2.35.7 1 other high τέσσαρες δὲ ἔνδον ὑπολειπόμεναι γρᾶες, αὗται τὴν βοῦν εἰσιν αἱ κατεργαζόμεναι· δρεπάνῳ γὰρ ἥτις ἂν τύχῃ τὴν φάρυγγα ὑπέτεμε τῆς βοός. Inside remain four old women whose duty it is to dispatch the cow; for one of them, whoever happens to do so, cuts the throat of the cow with a sickle. Describes ritual procedure and role of attendants; purely descriptive/antiquarian, not mythic or historical.
2.35.7 2 other high μετὰ δὲ αἱ θύραι τε ἠνοίχθησαν καὶ προσελαύνουσιν οἷς ἐπιτέτακται βοῦν δὲ δευτέραν καὶ τρίτην ἐπὶ ταύτῃ καὶ ἄλλην τετάρτην. Thereupon the doors are opened, and those who are appointed bring forward a second cow, and upon this a third, and another, a fourth. Ritual procedure describing doors opening and cows being brought forward; descriptive cultic detail, not a mythic or historical event.
2.35.7 3 other high κατεργάζονταί τε δὴ πάσας κατὰ ταὐτὰ αἱ γρᾶες The old women then dispatch them all in the same manner. Describes a local ritual/custom by old women, not a mythic event or historical event.
2.35.7 4 other high καὶ τόδε ἄλλο πρόσκειται τῇ θυσίᾳ θαῦμα· ἐφʼ ἥντινα γὰρ ἂν πέσῃ τῶν πλευρῶν ἡ πρώτη βοῦς, ἀνάγκη πεσεῖν καὶ πάσας. Moreover, a further marvel accompanies the sacrifice: whichever side the first cow falls upon, all the others must necessarily fall upon that same side. Describes a sacrificial marvel and ritual detail, not a mythic event or historical event.
2.35.8 1 other high θυσία μὲν δρᾶται τοῖς Ἑρμιονεῦσι τὸν εἰρημένον τρόπον· The sacrifice at Hermione is performed in the manner described above. Describes a ritual practice at Hermione, not a mythic event or post-500 BC historical event.
2.35.8 2 other high πρὸ δὲ τοῦ ναοῦ γυναικῶν ἱερασαμένων τῇ Δήμητρι εἰκόνες ἑστήκασιν οὐ πολλαί, Before the temple stand a few statues, dedicated by women who once served as priestesses of Demeter. Describes statues before the temple and their dedicators; this is descriptive and antiquarian, not mythic or historical event narration.
2.35.8 3 other high καὶ παρελθόντι ἔσω θρόνοι τέ εἰσιν, ἐφʼ ὧν αἱ γρᾶες ἀναμένουσιν ἐσελαθῆναι καθʼ ἑκάστην τῶν βοῶν, Upon entering, there are seats on which the old women sit, awaiting the successive driving-in of each cow. Describes interior furnishings and ritual-looking handling of cattle, but no mythic or post-500 BC historical event.
2.35.8 4 other high καὶ ἀγάλματα οὐκ ἄγαν ἀρχαῖα Ἀθηνᾶ καὶ Δημήτηρ. Here also are statues, not particularly ancient, representing Athena and Demeter. A descriptive note about statues of Athena and Demeter, with no event or historical narrative.
2.35.8 5 other high αὐτὸ δὲ ὃ σέβουσιν ἐπὶ πλέον ἢ τἄλλα, ἐγὼ μὲν οὐκ εἶδον, οὐ μὴν οὐδὲ ἀνὴρ ἄλλος οὔτε ξένος οὔτε Ἑρμιονέων αὐτῶν· But as for that object which they revere above all else, neither I myself have seen it, nor indeed has any other man, whether foreigner or citizen of Hermione itself; Describes an object revered at Hermione and the speaker's lack of sight of it; this is descriptive/antiquarian rather than mythic or historical.
2.35.8 6 other high μόναι δὲ ὁποῖόν τί ἐστιν αἱ γρᾶες ἴστωσαν. only the elderly women alone know what manner of thing it is. A descriptive remark about who knows the object; no mythic or historical event.
2.35.9 1 other high ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἄλλος ναός· εἰκόνες δὲ περὶ πάντα ἑστήκασιν αὐτόν. There is also another temple, and statues stand all around it. Simple architectural description of a temple and surrounding statues; no mythic or historical event.
2.35.9 2 other high οὗτος ὁ ναός ἐστιν ἀπαντικρὺ τοῦ τῆς Χθονίας, καλεῖται δὲ Κλυμένου, καὶ τῷ Κλυμένῳ θύουσιν ἐνταῦθα. This temple is directly opposite that of Chthonia. Purely spatial description of temple location; no mythic or historical event.
2.35.9 3 mythic high Κλύμενον δὲ οὐκ ἄνδρα Ἀργεῖον ἐλθεῖν ἔγωγε ἐς Ἑρμιόνα ἡγοῦμαι, τοῦ θεοῦ δέ ἐστιν ἐπίκλησις, ὅντινα ἔχει λόγος βασιλέα ὑπὸ γῆν εἶναι. It is called the temple of Clymenus, and here they sacrifice to Clymenus. Clymenus is treated as a god/divine figure with cult at Hermione, not a historical event or mere description.
2.35.10 1 other high παρὰ μὲν δὴ τοῦτόν ἐστιν ἄλλος ναὸς καὶ ἄγαλμα Ἄρεως, τοῦ δὲ τῆς Χθονίας ἐστὶν ἱεροῦ στοὰ κατὰ τὴν δεξιάν, Ἠχοῦς ὑπὸ τῶν ἐπιχωρίων καλουμένη· Beside this place there is another temple, containing an image of Ares; and at the right-hand side of the temple of Chthonia stands a portico called by the natives "Echo"; Purely topographical and descriptive: notes the position of a temple and a portico with a local name.
2.35.10 2 other high φθεγξαμένῳ δὲ ἀνδρὶ τὰ ὀλίγιστα ἐς τρὶς ἀντιβοῆσαι πέφυκεν. for even if a man speaks but lightly here, the sound is naturally echoed back at least three times. Describes an acoustic feature of the place, not a mythic or historical event.
2.35.10 3 mythic high ὄπισθεν δὲ τοῦ ναοῦ τῆς Χθονίας χωρία ἐστὶν ἃ καλοῦσιν Ἑρμιονεῖς τὸ μὲν Κλυμένου, τὸ δὲ Πλούτωνος, τὸ τρίτον δὲ αὐτῶν λίμνην Ἀχερουσίαν. Behind the temple of Chthonia are precincts which the people of Hermione call, one of them that of Clymenus, another that of Pluto, and the third of them Lake Acherusia. Names precincts and a lake associated with chthonic deities and Underworld mythology (Clymenus, Pluto, Acherusia).
2.35.10 4 other high περιείργεται μὲν δὴ πάντα θριγκοῖς λίθων, ἐν δὲ τῷ τοῦ Κλυμένου καὶ γῆς χάσμα· All these precincts are enclosed with walls of stone, and inside the precinct of Clymenus there is a chasm in the earth. Describes the physical enclosure and a chasm in a precinct; purely topographical/architectural.
2.35.10 5 mythic high διὰ τούτου δὲ Ἡρακλῆς ἀνῆγε τοῦ Ἅιδου τὸν κύνα κατὰ τὰ λεγόμενα ὑπὸ Ἑρμιονέων. Through this opening, according to the tradition of the Hermionians, Heracles brought up from Hades the dog of the underworld. Heracles’ descent to Hades and retrieval of the underworld dog is a mythic event.
2.35.11 1 other high πρὸς δὲ τῇ πύλῃ, καθʼ ἣν ὁδὸς εὐθεῖά ἐστιν ἄγουσα ἐπὶ Μάσητα, Εἰλειθυίας ἐστὶν ἐντὸς τοῦ τείχους ἱερόν. Near the gate by which a straight road leads toward Masēs, within the city wall, stands a sanctuary of Eileithyia. Purely topographical description of a sanctuary's location by a gate and road.
2.35.11 2 other high ἄλλως μὲν δὴ κατὰ ἡμέραν ἑκάστην καὶ θυσίαις καὶ θυμιάμασι μεγάλως τὴν θεὸν ἱλάσκονται καὶ ἀναθήματα δίδοται πλεῖστα τῇ Εἰλειθυίᾳ· Daily they greatly propitiate the goddess with sacrifices and offerings of incense, and many votive gifts are dedicated to Eileithyia. Describes ongoing cult practice and offerings at a shrine, which is descriptive/religious rather than mythic or historical.
2.35.11 3 other high τὸ δὲ ἄγαλμα οὐδενὶ πλὴν εἰ μὴ ἄρα ταῖς ἱερείαις ἔστιν ἰδεῖν. However, no one except only the priestesses may look upon the statue. A rule about who may view a cult statue; descriptive/religious practice, not a mythic or historical event.