Pausanias Analysis

Current sentence-level mythic, historical, and other tags

Annotations › Current Sentence Tags › Chapter 3.10

Chapter 3.10

PassageSentenceBucketConfidenceGreekEnglishRationale
3.10.1 1 historical high οὐ πολλῷ δὲ ὕστερον τὸν ἀγῶνα ἔθηκαν τῶν Ἰσθμίων οἱ ἐπὶ λακωνισμῷ φεύγοντες Κορίνθιοι. Not long afterward, the Corinthians who were in exile due to their pro-Spartan sympathies established their own Isthmian Games. Refers to the founding of the Isthmian Games by exiled Corinthians, a post-mythic historical event.
3.10.1 2 historical high οἱ δὲ ἐν τῇ πόλει τότε μὲν τῷ Ἀγησιλάου δείματι ἡσύχαζον· Those who remained in the city at the time kept quiet through fear of Agesilaus. Refers to a concrete historical episode involving Agesilaus and fear within the city.
3.10.1 3 historical high ἀναζεύξαντος δὲ ἐς τὴν Σπάρτην, οὕτω καὶ αὐτοὶ μετὰ Ἀργείων τὰ Ἴσθμια ἄγουσιν. But when he withdrew to Sparta, they themselves resumed holding the Isthmian Games jointly with the Argives. Refers to a political/historical resumption of the Isthmian Games after withdrawal to Sparta.
3.10.1 4 historical high ἀφίκετο δὲ καὶ αὖθις ἐπὶ Κόρινθον στρατιᾷ· καὶ---ἐπῄει γὰρ Ὑακίνθια---ἀφίησι τοὺς Ἀμυκλαιεῖς οἴκαδε ἀπελθόντας τὰ καθεστηκότα τῷ τε Ἀπόλλωνι καὶ Ὑακίνθῳ δρᾶσαι. Agesilaus again marched against Corinth with his army, yet—as the Hyacinthia festival was approaching—he dismissed the Amyclaeans to return home and carry out the prescribed rites honoring Apollo and Hyacinthus. Agesilaus’ campaign against Corinth is a post-500 BC historical event.
3.10.1 5 historical high ταύτην τὴν μοῖραν ἐπιθέμενοι καθʼ ὁδὸν Ἀθηναῖοι καὶ Ἰφικράτης διέφθειραν· On their way home, these men were attacked and destroyed by Iphicrates and the Athenians. Refers to Iphicrates and Athenians attacking men on their return; a post-500 BC historical event.
3.10.2 1 historical high Ἀγησίλαος δὲ καὶ ἐς Αἰτωλίαν ἐπικουρήσων ἀφίκετο Αἰτωλοῖς ὑπὸ Ἀκαρνάνων πολέμῳ πιεζομένοις, καὶ Ἀκαρνᾶνας ἠνάγκασε καταλύσασθαι τὸν πόλεμον οὐ πολὺ ἀποδέοντας Καλυδῶνα καὶ τὰ ἄλλα Αἰτωλῶν πολίσματα ᾑρηκέναι. Agesilaus also arrived in Aetolia to provide aid to the Aetolians when they were oppressed in war by the Acarnanians, and he compelled the Acarnanians to end the conflict, though they were not far from capturing Calydon and the other towns of the Aetolians. Refers to Agesilaus and a specific war in Aetolia/Acarnania, a post-500 BC historical event.
3.10.2 2 historical high χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον ἔπλευσε καὶ ἐς Αἴγυπτον, ἀφεστηκότων ἀπὸ βασιλέως τῶν Αἰγυπτίων βοηθήσων· Later in time, he sailed also to Egypt to support the Egyptians, who had revolted from the Persian king. Refers to a later expedition to Egypt and the Persian king, an event in historical time rather than myth.
3.10.2 3 historical high καὶ ἔστιν Ἀγησιλάῳ πολλά τε εἰργασμένα καὶ μνήμης ἄξια ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ. In Egypt, Agesilaus accomplished many deeds worthy of remembrance. Agesilaus is a historical figure, and the sentence reports his deeds in Egypt.
3.10.2 4 mythic medium καὶ---ἦν γὰρ δὴ ἤδη γέρων---τὸν μὲν κατὰ τὴν πορείαν ἐπέλαβεν ἡ μοῖρα· But during the return journey—since he was now indeed an old man—his destined end overtook him. References a fated death ('moira') in a narrative context, which is mythic rather than historical or descriptive.
3.10.2 5 historical medium Λακεδαιμόνιοι δέ, ὡς ἐκομίσθη σφίσιν ὁ νεκρός, θάπτουσιν αὐτὸν βασιλέων τιμήσαντες μάλιστα. When his body was brought home, the Lacedaemonians buried him, bestowing upon him honors surpassing those accorded to any king. Describes the burial honors given by the Lacedaemonians, an event in the historical narrative rather than mythic or purely descriptive material.
3.10.3 1 historical high Ἀρχιδάμου δὲ τοῦ Ἀγησιλάου βασιλεύοντος κατέλαβον τὸ ἱερὸν Φωκεῖς τὸ ἐν Δελφοῖς. During the reign of Archidamus, son of Agesilaus, the Phokians seized the sanctuary at Delphi. Refers to the Phokian seizure of Delphi during Archidamus' reign, a historical event.
3.10.3 2 historical high Θηβαίοις μὲν δὴ πολεμεῖν τοῖς Φωκεῦσιν ἀφίκετο μὲν καὶ ἰδίᾳ συμμαχικὰ ἐπὶ χρήμασιν, ἀπὸ δὲ κοινοῦ λόγου Λακεδαιμόνιοί τε καὶ Ἀθηναῖοί σφισιν ἤμυνον, οἱ μὲν ἀρχαίαν δή τινα ἐκ τῶν Φωκέων μνημονεύοντες εὐεργεσίαν, Λακεδαιμόνιοι δὲ προφάσει μὲν καὶ οὗτοι φιλίας, κατὰ ἔχθος δὲ ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν τὸ Θηβαίων. War arose between the Thebans and the Phokians; mercenary forces joined privately for payment on the side of the Thebans, but the Spartans and Athenians openly defended the Phokians in alliance, the Athenians supporting them in recollection of a certain ancient benefit from the Phokians, while the Spartans publicly claimed friendship as their reason, but in my opinion their true motive was hatred of the Thebans. Describes a historical war and interstate alliances after the mythic age.
3.10.3 3 historical high Θεόπομπος δὲ ὁ Δαμασιστράτου τόν τε Ἀρχίδαμον μετασχεῖν τῶν χρημάτων αὐτὸν καὶ ἔτι Δεινίχαν τὴν Ἀρχιδάμου γυναῖκα παρὰ τῶν δυναστευόντων ἐν Φωκεῦσιν ἔφη λαμβάνουσαν δωρεὰν ἑτοιμότερον ποιεῖν σφισιν ἐς τὴν συμμαχίαν Ἀρχίδαμον. Theopompus, son of Damasistratus, says that Archidamus himself accepted money from the Phocian leaders, and, moreover, that Deinicha, Archidamus' wife, receiving bribes from those controlling affairs in Phocis, made Archidamus even more eager for alliance with them. Refers to Theopompus' report about Archidamus and Phocian political bribery, a post-mythic historical event.
3.10.4 1 historical high τὸ μὲν δὴ χρήματα ἱερὰ δέξασθαι καὶ ἀνδράσιν ἀμῦναι μαντείων πορθήσασι τὸ ἐπιφανέστατον οὐκ ἐς ἔπαινον τίθεμαι, τοσοῦτον δέ οἱ πρόσεστιν ἐς ἔπαινον· That Archidamus received sacred money and aided men who had plundered the most famous of oracles, I do not consider praiseworthy. Refers to Archidamus and the plundering of oracles, a historical/political action rather than mythic narrative.
3.10.4 2 historical high Δελφῶν γὰρ τούς τε ἡβῶντας ἀποκτεῖναι καὶ γυναῖκας καὶ τέκνα ἐξανδραποδίσασθαι, καταβαλεῖν δὲ καὶ αὐτὴν ἐς ἔδαφος τὴν πόλιν ἐτόλμων οἱ Φωκεῖς· Yet there is this much in his favor: the Phokians intended to kill all the adult Delphians, enslave their women and children, and raze the city itself to the ground. Refers to the Phokian attack on Delphi, a historical event in the Classical period.
3.10.4 3 historical high ταῦτα οὖν μὴ παθεῖν ὑπὸ τῶν Φωκέων αὐτοὺς παρῃτήσατο Ἀρχίδαμος. Archidamus, therefore, persuaded them not to inflict these sufferings upon the Delphians. Archidamus is a historical Spartan king, and the sentence concerns a historical negotiation affecting the Delphians.
3.10.5 1 historical high διέβη δὲ καὶ ἐς Ἰταλίαν ὕστερον Ταραντίνοις βαρβάρων πόλεμον συνδιοίσων σφίσιν ὁμόρων· Afterwards he crossed also into Italy to assist the Tarentines in a war against neighboring barbarians. Refers to a campaign in Italy aiding the Tarentines against neighboring barbarians, an event in the historical period rather than myth.
3.10.5 2 mythic high καὶ ἀπέθανέ τε αὐτόθι ὑπὸ τῶν βαρβάρων καὶ αὐτοῦ τὸν νεκρὸν ἁμαρτεῖν τάφου τὸ μήνιμα ἐγένετο ἐμποδὼν τὸ ἐκ τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος. There he died at the hands of the barbarians, and the wrath of Apollo prevented his corpse from receiving burial. Apollo's wrath preventing burial is a mythic divine intervention affecting the corpse and landscape context.
3.10.5 3 historical high τοῦ δὲ Ἀρχιδάμου τούτου τὸν μὲν πρεσβύτερον παῖδα Ἆγιν κατέλαβεν ἀποθανεῖν Μακεδόσιν ἐναντία καὶ Ἀντιπάτρῳ μαχεσάμενον, Εὐδαμίδας δὲ ὁ νεώτερος Λακεδαιμονίοις ἐβασίλευσεν ἄγουσιν εἰρήνην. Concerning this Archidamus, his elder son Agis met death fighting against Antipater and the Macedonians, whereas his younger son, Eudamidas, reigned over the Lacedaemonians while they enjoyed peace. Mentions Agis fighting Antipater and the Macedonians, and Eudamidas ruling during peace; these are post-classical historical figures and events.
3.10.5 4 historical medium τὰ δὲ ἐς Ἆγιν τὸν Εὐδαμίδου καὶ ἐς Εὐρυδαμίδαν τὸν Ἄγιδος ὡς ἔσχεν, ἤδη μοι καὶ τάδε ἡ Σικυωνία συγ γραφὴ διεξῄει. The further events involving Agis, son of Eudamidas, and Eurydamidas, son of Agis, have already been related in my account of Sicyon. Refers back to already narrated events involving named historical Spartan kings, not mythic material.
3.10.6 1 other high ἰοῦσι δὲ ἀπὸ τῶν Ἑρμῶν ἐστιν ὁ τόπος οὗτος ἅπας δρυῶν πλήρης. As you go on from the Hermae, this entire area is filled with oak trees. Purely topographical description of the landscape and route; no mythic or historical event.
3.10.6 2 other high τὸ δὲ ὄνομα τῷ χωρίῳ Σκοτίταν. The place is called Skotitas. Purely identifies a place-name; no mythic or historical event.
3.10.6 3 mythic medium τὸ δὲ σκότος οὐ τὸ συνεχὲς τῶν δένδρων ἐποίησεν, ἀλλὰ Ζεὺς ἐπίκλησιν ἔσχε Σκοτίτας. It is not, however, the dense shade of the trees that gave the spot its name, but rather Zeus received the surname Skotitas ("of Darkness"). Explains a local cult-name and divine epithet tied to mythic divine presence rather than ordinary description.
3.10.6 4 other high καὶ ἔστιν ἐν ἀριστερᾷ τῆς ὁδοῦ δέκα μάλιστά που στάδια ἐκτραπομένοις ἱερὸν Σκοτίτα Διός. Approximately ten stades to the left off the road lies a sanctuary dedicated to Zeus Skotitas. Simple route description locating a sanctuary; no mythic or historical event.
3.10.6 5 other high ἐπανελθόντων δὲ ἐντεῦθεν προελθοῦσιν ὀλίγον καὶ τραπεῖσιν αὖθις ἐς ἀριστερὰν ἄγαλμά ἐστιν Ἡρακλέους καὶ τρόπαιον. When you return from this sanctuary, after proceeding a short distance further and turning left again, there is a statue of Heracles and a trophy. Pure route description noting a statue and trophy as landmarks; no mythic or post-500 BC historical event is described.
3.10.6 6 mythic high ἀναστῆσαι δὲ ἐλέγετο Ἡρακλῆς ἀποκτείνας Ἱπποκόωντα καὶ τοὺς παῖδας. He is said to have set them up after killing Hippocoon and his sons. Refers to Heracles and his killing of Hippocoon and his sons, a mythic event.
3.10.7 1 other high τρίτη δὲ ἐκ τῆς ὁδοῦ τῆς εὐθείας ἐκβολὴ κατὰ τὰ δεξιὰ ἐς Καρύας ἄγει καὶ ἐς τὸ ἱερὸν τῆς Ἀρτέμιδος. The third branching from the main road on the right leads to Caryae and to the sanctuary of Artemis. Purely route and geographical information identifying a road branch to Caryae and Artemis' sanctuary.
3.10.7 2 other high τὸ γὰρ χωρίον Ἀρτέμιδος καὶ Νυμφῶν ἐστιν αἱ Κάρυαι καὶ ἄγαλμα ἕστηκεν Ἀρτέμιδος ἐν ὑπαίθρῳ Καρυάτιδος· For Caryae is sacred to Artemis and to the Nymphs, and there stands in the open air an image of Artemis Caryatis. Describes a sacred place and cult statue at Caryae, which is geographical/antiquarian rather than a mythic or historical event.
3.10.7 3 other high χοροὺς δὲ ἐνταῦθα αἱ Λακεδαιμονίων παρθένοι κατὰ ἔτος ἱστᾶσι καὶ ἐπιχώριος αὐταῖς καθέστηκεν ὄρχησις. Here the maidens of the Lacedaemonians annually perform dances, and a traditional dance has become customary among them. Describes a local annual dance custom of Lacedaemonian maidens; ritual/ethnographic, not mythic or historical event.
3.10.7 4 historical high ἀναστρέψαντι δὲ καὶ κατὰ τὴν λεωφόρον ἰόντι ἐρείπια Σελλασίας ἐστί· Turning back and continuing along the highway, one reaches the ruins of Sellasia. Sellasia is a named historical site; the sentence describes arriving at its ruins along the route.
3.10.7 5 historical high ταύτην, καθὰ καὶ πρότερον ἔγραψα, ἠνδραποδίσαντο Ἀχαιοὶ Λακεδαιμονίους καὶ τὸν βασιλέα Κλεομένην τὸν Λεωνίδου μάχῃ νικήσαντες. As I have written previously, the Achaeans reduced this town to slavery, having defeated in battle the Lacedaemonians and their king Cleomenes, the son of Leonidas. Refers to the historical defeat of Cleomenes and the Lacedaemonians by the Achaeans, an event after roughly 500 BC.
3.10.8 1 other high ἐν δὲ Θόρνακι---ἐς γὰρ τοῦτον ἀφίξῃ προϊών---ἄγαλμά ἐστι Πυθαέως Ἀπόλλωνος κατὰ τὰ αὐτὰ τῷ ἐν Ἀμύκλαις πεποιημένον· τὸ δὲ σχῆμα ὁποῖόν ἐστιν, ἐπʼ ἐκείνῳ γράψω. In Thornax—for as you advance you will arrive there—is an image of Apollo Pythaeus, made the same way as that at Amyclae; however, I shall describe its form when I come to that one. Describes a cult image and directions to it, a geographical/antiquarian note rather than a mythic or historical event.
3.10.8 2 historical medium Λακεδαιμονίοις γὰρ ἐπιφανέστερά ἐστι τὰ ἐς τὸν Ἀμυκλαῖον, ὥστε καὶ τὸν χρυσόν, ὃν Κροῖσος ὁ Λυδὸς τῷ Ἀπόλλωνι ἔπεμψε τῷ Πυθαεῖ, τούτῳ ἐς κόσμον τοῦ ἐν Ἀμύκλαις κατεχρήσαντο ἀγάλματος. For the Lacedaemonians hold the sanctuary at Amyclae in greater esteem; so much so that even the gold, which Croesus the Lydian had sent to Apollo Pythaeus, they used for adorning the image at Amyclae. Refers to Croesus, a historical king after 500 BC, and the reuse of his dedicatory gold at Amyclae.