Pausanias Analysis

Current sentence-level mythic, historical, and other tags

Chapter 4.24

PassageSentenceBucketConfidenceGreekEnglishRationale
4.24.1 1 historical medium Ἀριστομένης δὲ ὡς τὴν ἡγεμονίαν ἀπείπατο τῶν ἐς τὴν ἀποικίαν στελλομένων, τὰς θυγατέρας τὴν πρεσβυτάτην καὶ τὴν ἐπὶ ταύτῃ καὶ Ἁγναγόραν τὴν ἀδελφὴν τὴν μὲν Θάρυκι ἐς Φιγαλίαν, Δαμοθοΐδᾳ δὲ Λεπρεάτῃ καὶ Ἡραιεῖ Θεοπόμπῳ τὰς θυγατέρας συνῴκισεν· When Aristomenes declined the leadership of those preparing to settle the colony, he married off his daughters—the eldest and the one following her—as well as his sister Hagnagora: the sister to Tharyx in Phigalia, and his daughters to Damothoidas of Lepreum and Theopompus of Heraea. Aristomenes is a semi-legendary but post-500 BC Messeniian figure; the sentence concerns his family arrangements in the colony narrative, best treated as historical/legendary-historical rather than mythic.
4.24.1 2 mythic high αὐτὸς δὲ ἀφικόμενος ἐς Δελφοὺς ἐχρῆτο τῷ θεῷ. Aristomenes himself went to Delphi and consulted the god. Aristomenes consulting the Delphic god is a mythic narrative episode involving an oracle.
4.24.1 3 mythic medium καὶ τὸ μὲν τῷ Ἀριστομένει γενόμενον μάντευμα οὐ λέγεται· However, the oracle given to Aristomenes is not recorded. Mentions an oracle given to Aristomenes, a legendary figure tied to mythic narrative.
4.24.2 1 mythic high Δαμαγήτῳ δὲ Ῥοδίῳ βασιλεύοντι ἐν Ἰαλυσῷ, τότε δὲ ἥκοντι παρὰ τὸν Ἀπόλλωνα καὶ ἐρωτῶντι ὁπόθεν ἀγαγέσθαι χρὴ γυναῖκα, ἔχρησεν ἡ Πυθία θυγατέρα ἀνδρὸς τῶν Ἑλλήνων τοῦ ἀρίστου λαβεῖν. When Damagetus, who was king of Ialysus in Rhodes, went at this time to the oracle of Apollo and inquired from where he should take a wife, the Pythia replied that he must marry the daughter of the best man among the Greeks. An oracle response about marriage to the best Greek man is a mythic/divine intervention narrative.
4.24.2 2 historical medium ὁ δὲ---ἦν γὰρ καὶ τρίτη τῷ Ἀριστομένει θυγάτηρ--- γαμεῖ ταύτην, Ἑλλήνων τῶν τότε ἐκεῖνον μακρῷ δή τινι ἄριστον νομίζων. He therefore married the third daughter of Aristomenes, judging him by far the best of all Greeks of that time. Refers to a marriage and judgment about a man among Greeks of the period, a historical/social detail rather than myth or landscape.
4.24.2 3 historical medium Ἀριστομένης δὲ ἐς μὲν τὴν Ῥόδον ἀφίκετο σὺν τῇ θυγατρί, ἐκεῖθεν δὲ ἔς τε Σάρδεις ἐνενόει παρὰ Ἄρδυν τὸν Γύγου καὶ ἐς Ἐκβάτανα τὰ Μηδικὰ ἀναβῆναι παρὰ τὸν βασιλέα Φραόρτην· Aristomenes accompanied his daughter as far as Rhodes, and from there intended to journey onward—to Sardis, to Ardys son of Gyges, and then up to Ecbatana, the Median capital, to King Phraortes. Aristomenes’ proposed travels to Rhodes, Sardis, and Ecbatana involve named historical places and rulers after the mythic age, not mythic landscape etiologies.
4.24.3 1 historical high ἀλλὰ γὰρ πρότερον τούτων συνέπεσεν ἀποθανεῖν αὐτῷ νοσήσαντι, οὐ γὰρ ἔδει συμφορὰν οὐδεμίαν Λακεδαιμονίοις ἔτι ἐξ Ἀριστομένους γενέσθαι. However, before these things could occur, Aristomenes fell ill and died; for it was not ordained that the Lacedaemonians should suffer any further misfortune at the hands of Aristomenes. Refers to Aristomenes' death and its effect on the Spartans; this is a legendary-historical narrative placed in the historical bucket rather than mythic landscape causation.
4.24.3 2 historical high τελευτήσαντι δὲ αὐτῷ Δαμάγητος καὶ οἱ Ῥόδιοι μνῆμά τε ἐπιφανὲς ἐποίησαν καὶ ἔνεμον ἀπὸ ἐκείνου τιμάς. When he passed away, Damagetus and the Rhodians erected a notable tomb in his honor and thenceforth bestowed upon him heroic honors. Refers to a tomb and heroic cult honors granted after the person's death, a post-500 BC commemorative/historical act.
4.24.3 3 mythic medium τὰ μὲν δὴ λεγόμενα ἐς τοὺς Διαγορίδας καλουμένους ἐν Ῥόδῳ, γεγονότας δὲ ἀπὸ Διαγόρου τοῦ Δαμαγήτου τοῦ Δωριέως τοῦ Δαμαγήτου τε καὶ τῆς Ἀριστομένους θυγατρός, παρῆκα, μὴ οὐ κατὰ καιρὸν δοκοίην γράφειν· But as for the traditions relating to the family called the Diagoridae in Rhodes, descended from Diagoras, the son of Damagetus, himself son of Dorieus, who was the son of Damagetus and of Aristomenes' daughter, I shall omit them, lest my account appear irrelevant. Genealogical traditions tracing descent from mythic figures and heroic ancestry
4.24.4 1 historical high Λακεδαιμόνιοι δὲ τότε, ὡς ἐπεκράτησαν τῆς Μεσσηνίας, τὴν μὲν ἄλλην πλὴν τῆς Ἀσιναίων αὐτοὶ διελάγχανον, Μοθώνην δὲ Ναυπλιεῦσιν ἐδίδοσαν ἐκπεπτωκόσιν ἐκ Ναυπλίας ἔναγχος ὑπὸ Ἀργείων. The Lacedaemonians at that time, having gained mastery over Messenia, themselves divided among themselves all the territory except that belonging to the Asinaeans; but to the Nauplians they gave Methone, since these had recently been driven out of Nauplia by the Argives. Describes Spartan redistribution of Messenian territory and a recent Argive expulsion, a post-mythic historical event.
4.24.5 1 historical high Μεσσηνίων δὲ τοὺς ἐγκαταληφθέντας ἐν τῇ γῇ, συντελοῦντας κατὰ ἀνάγκην ἐς τοὺς εἵλωτας, ἐπέλαβεν ἀπὸ Λακεδαιμονίων ὕστερον ἀποστῆναι κατὰ τὴν ἐνάτην Ὀλυμπιάδα καὶ ἑβδομηκοστήν, ἣν Κορίνθιος ἐνίκα Ξενοφῶν, Ἀρχιμήδους Ἀθήνῃσιν ἄρχοντος· Those Messenians who were left behind in the land, forced by necessity to be enrolled among the Helots, later revolted from the Lacedaemonians in the seventy-ninth Olympiad, in which the Corinthian Xenophon was victorious, when Archimedes was archon at Athens. Dates the Messenians' revolt to the 79th Olympiad and an Athenian archon, so this is a post-500 BC historical event.
4.24.5 2 historical medium ἀπέστησαν δὲ καιρὸν τοιόνδε εὑρόντες. They chose for their revolt the following occasion. Describes the choice of an occasion for a revolt, a political event within historical time.
4.24.5 3 historical medium Λακεδαιμονίων ἄνδρες ἀποθανεῖν ἐπὶ ἐγκλήματι ὅτῳ δὴ καταγνωσθέντες ἱκέται καταφεύγουσιν ἐς Ταίναρον· Certain Lacedaemonian men, condemned to death for some criminal charge, had taken refuge as suppliants at Taenarum. Refers to condemned Lacedaemonian men taking refuge at Taenarum; this is an historical incident or tradition rather than mythic material.
4.24.5 4 historical high ἐντεῦθεν δὲ ἡ ἀρχὴ τῶν ἐφόρων ἀπὸ τοῦ βωμοῦ σφᾶς ἀποσπάσασα ἀπέκτεινε. From there the authority of the ephors dragged them away from the altar and put them to death. Refers to the ephors, a historical Spartan magistracy, and their killing of people at an altar.
4.24.6 1 mythic high Σπαρτιάταις δὲ ἐν οὐδενὶ λόγῳ θεμένοις τοὺς ἱκέτας ἀπήντησεν ἐκ Ποσειδῶνος μήνιμα, καί σφισιν ἐς ἔδαφος τὴν πόλιν πᾶσαν κατέβαλεν ὁ θεός. Since the Spartans disregarded entirely those who had taken refuge as suppliants, the wrath of Poseidon fell upon them, and the god razed their entire city to the ground. Poseidon’s wrath and destruction of the city are divine-mythic events affecting the landscape.
4.24.6 2 historical high ἐπὶ δὲ τῇ συμφορᾷ ταύτῃ καὶ τῶν εἱλώτων ὅσοι Μεσσήνιοι τὸ ἀρχαῖον ἦσαν, ἐς τὸ ὄρος τὴν Ἰθώμην ἀπέστησαν. Amid this disaster, those helots originally of Messenian descent revolted and withdrew to Mount Ithome. Refers to a revolt of helots of Messenian descent and their withdrawal to Ithome, a historical event and its landscape impact.
4.24.6 3 historical high Λακεδαιμόνιοι δὲ ἄλλα τε μετεπέμποντο συμμαχικὰ ἐπʼ αὐτοὺς καὶ Κίμωνα τὸν Μιλτιάδου πρόξενόν σφισιν ὄντα καὶ Ἀθηναίων δύναμιν· In response, the Lacedaemonians summoned various allies against them, including Cimon, son of Miltiades, who was their proxenos, along with the Athenian forces. Refers to the Lacedaemonians summoning allies and Cimon in a political-military episode, a post-500 BC historical event.
4.24.6 4 historical high ἀφικομένους δὲ τοὺς Ἀθηναίους ὑποπτεῦσαι δοκοῦσιν ὡς τάχα νεωτερίσοντας καὶ ὑπὸ τῆς ὑποψίας ἀποπέμψασθαι μετʼ οὐ πολὺ ἐξ Ἰθώμης. However, the Athenians, after they arrived, were suspected of intending rebellion, and due to this suspicion, the Spartans soon afterwards dismissed them from Ithome. Refers to Athenians and Spartans in a post-mythic historical episode.
4.24.7 1 historical high Ἀθηναῖοι δὲ τὴν ἐς αὐτοὺς τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων ὑπόνοιαν συνέντες Ἀργείοις τε φίλοι διʼ αὐτὸ ἐγένοντο καὶ Μεσσηνίων τοῖς ἐν Ἰθώμῃ πολιορκουμένοις ἐκπεσοῦσιν ὑποσπόνδοις ἔδοσαν Ναύπακτον, ἀφελόμενοι Λοκροὺς τοὺς πρὸς Αἰτωλίᾳ καλουμένους Ὀζόλας. The Athenians, perceiving the suspicion of the Lacedaemonians against themselves, therefore became friends with the Argives, and gave Naupactus to the Messenians who had been besieged in Ithome and expelled under terms of surrender, taking it from the Locrians called Ozolian, who dwell near Aetolia. Describes Athenian political alliances and the historical transfer of Naupactus after the Messenian Ithome episode.
4.24.7 2 mythic high τοῖς δὲ Μεσσηνίοις παρέσχεν ἀπελθεῖν ἐξ Ἰθώμης τοῦ τε χωρίου τὸ ἐχυρὸν καὶ ἅμα Λακεδαιμονίοις προεῖπεν ἡ Πυθία ἦ μὴν εἶναί σφισι δίκην ἁμαρτοῦσιν ἐς τοῦ Διὸς τοῦ Ἰθωμάτα τὸν ἱκέτην. That the Messenians were able thus to depart from Ithome was both because the stronghold itself was formidable and because the Pythia had proclaimed to the Lacedaemonians that they would suffer divine justice if they harmed the suppliant of Zeus Ithomatas. The Pythia's warning about Zeus Ithomatas and divine justice concerns a mythic/religious intervention affecting the events.
4.24.7 3 historical high ὑπόσπονδοι μὲν ἐκ Πελοποννήσου τούτων ἕνεκα ἀφείθησαν· Hence they allowed them under treaty to depart from the Peloponnese. Refers to a treaty-based departure from the Peloponnese, a historical event/action.