Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 1.19.2

← 1.19.11.19.3 →

Passage 1.19.2

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed
67Greek tokens
2,339input tokens
4,865output tokens
Sentence 1

1.19.2 sentence 1

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23
Input
752
Output
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2,339

---ἐς δὲ τὸ χωρίον, ὃ Κήπους ὀνομάζουσι, καὶ τῆς Ἀφροδίτης τὸν ναὸν οὐδεὶς λεγόμενός σφισίν ἐστι λόγος·

The clause beginning with καί is syntactically compressed; the most difficult point is the participle λεγόμενός and the nominative οὐδεὶς, which may reflect an impersonal/reporting construction with somewhat loose agreement.

cc nsubj:pass obj acl:relcl amod punct case punct acl punct discourse obj nmod punct det obj punct det det iobj cop punct root 1 - - / PUNCT 2 - - / PUNCT 3 - - / PUNCT 4 ἐς εἰς / ADP 5 δὲ δέ / PART 6 τὸ ὁ / DET 7 χωρίον χωρίον / NOUN 8 , , / PUNCT 9 ὅς / PRON 10 Κήπους Κήποι / PROPN 11 ὀνομάζουσι ὀνομάζω / VERB 12 , , / PUNCT 13 καὶ καί / CCONJ 14 τῆς ὁ / DET 15 Ἀφροδίτης Ἀφροδίτη / PROPN 16 τὸν ὁ / DET 17 ναὸν ναός / NOUN 18 οὐδεὶς οὐδείς / ADJ 19 λεγόμενός λέγω / VERB 20 σφισίν σφεῖς / PRON 21 ἐστι εἰμί / AUX 22 λόγος λόγος / NOUN 23 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1--PUNCT__4 ἐςpuncthighdash-like punctuation token
2--PUNCT__4 ἐςpuncthighdash-like punctuation token
3--PUNCT__4 ἐςpuncthighdash-like punctuation token
4ἐςεἰςADP_Case=Acc7 χωρίονcasehighgoverns the accusative χωρίον
5δὲδέPART__7 χωρίονdiscoursehighpostpositive particle
6τὸDET_Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art7 χωρίονdethigharticle modifying χωρίον
7χωρίονχωρίονNOUN_Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing11 ὀνομάζουσιobjmediumobject of ὀνομάζουσι in the relative clause
8,,PUNCT__11 ὀνομάζουσιpuncthighcomma
9ὅςPRON_Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel11 ὀνομάζουσιobjhighrelative pronoun referring to χωρίον
10ΚήπουςΚήποιPROPN_Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur11 ὀνομάζουσιobjmediumpredicative/naming accusative; proper name treated as plural
11ὀνομάζουσιὀνομάζωVERB_Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act7 χωρίονacl:relclhighrelative clause modifying χωρίον
12,,PUNCT__11 ὀνομάζουσιpuncthighcomma
13καὶκαίCCONJ__22 λόγοςcchighcoordinates with the previous clause/topic
14τῆςDET_Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art15 Ἀφροδίτηςdethigharticle with Ἀφροδίτης
15ἈφροδίτηςἈφροδίτηPROPN_Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing17 ναὸνnmodhighgenitive modifier of ναόν
16τὸνDET_Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art17 ναὸνdethigharticle with ναόν
17ναὸνναόςNOUN_Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing22 λόγοςnsubj:passmediumsubject of impersonal/passive-like ἐστι λόγος construction
18οὐδεὶςοὐδείςADJ_Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing22 λόγοςamodlowlikely predicative/nominative modifier with irregular agreement; syntax somewhat uncertain
19λεγόμενόςλέγωVERB_Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid22 λόγοςacllowparticiple modifying οὐδείς or λόγος; exact attachment uncertain
20σφισίνσφεῖςPRON_Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs21 ἐστιiobjhighdative complement of ἐστι
21ἐστιεἰμίAUX_Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act22 λόγοςcophighcopula with λόγος as predicate noun
22λόγοςλόγοςNOUN_Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing0 ROOTroothighmain predicate nominal
23··PUNCT__22 λόγοςpuncthighsentence punctuation
Sentence 3

1.19.2 sentence 3

Tokens
24
Input
804
Output
1,885
Total
2,689

ταύτης γὰρ σχῆμα μὲν τετράγωνον κατὰ ταὐτὰ καὶ τοῖς Ἑρμαῖς, τὸ δὲ ἐπίγραμμα σημαίνει τὴν Οὐρανίαν Ἀφροδίτην τῶν καλουμένων Μοιρῶν εἶναι πρεσβυτάτην.

The sentence contains a correlative μέν ... δέ contrast and an infinitival clause after σημαίνει; the first clause is somewhat elliptical, with σχῆμα and τετράγωνον functioning predicatively.

discourse nsubj punct advmod xcomp obl punct obj nmod nmod xcomp det discourse det det discourse case cc det nsubj amod acl xcomp root 1 ταύτης οὗτος / PRON 2 γὰρ γάρ / PART 3 σχῆμα σχῆμα / NOUN 4 μὲν μέν / PART 5 τετράγωνον τετράγωνος / ADJ 6 κατὰ κατά / ADP 7 ταὐτὰ αὐτός / PRON 8 καὶ καί / CCONJ 9 τοῖς ὁ / DET 10 Ἑρμαῖς Ἑρμῆς / PROPN 11 , , / PUNCT 12 τὸ ὁ / DET 13 δὲ δέ / PART 14 ἐπίγραμμα ἐπίγραμμα / NOUN 15 σημαίνει σημαίνω / VERB 16 τὴν ὁ / DET 17 Οὐρανίαν Οὐρανία / ADJ 18 Ἀφροδίτην Ἀφροδίτη / PROPN 19 τῶν ὁ / DET 20 καλουμένων καλέω / VERB 21 Μοιρῶν Μοῖρα / NOUN 22 εἶναι εἰμί / AUX 23 πρεσβυτάτην πρεσβύτατος / ADJ 24 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ταύτηςοὗτοςPRONPp---GenFS-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem3 σχῆμαnmodhighModifies σχῆμα as a genitive of reference/possessor.
2γὰργάρPARTG--------_15 σημαίνειdiscoursehighPostpositive explanatory particle.
3σχῆμασχῆμαNOUNNb-S---NN-Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing15 σημαίνειnsubjhighSubject of τετράγωνον/implicit copular predication within the first clause.
4μὲνμένPARTG--------_3 σχῆμαdiscoursehighCorrelative particle with δέ.
5τετράγωνοντετράγωνοςADJA--s---NA-Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing3 σχῆμαxcompmediumPredicate adjective with σχῆμα; could also be analyzed as an unexpressed copular predicate.
6κατὰκατάADPR--------_7 ταὐτὰcasehighPreposition governing ταὐτά.
7ταὐτὰαὐτόςPRONA-P---NA-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem15 σημαίνειadvmodmediumFixed adverbial phrase κατὰ ταὐτά, 'in the same way'.
8καὶκαίCCONJC--------_9 τοῖςcchighCoordinates with preceding phrase.
9τοῖςDETAt---DatPM-Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art10 ἙρμαῖςdethighArticle with Ἑρμαῖς.
10ἙρμαῖςἙρμῆςPROPNN-P---DM-Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur15 σημαίνειoblhighDative of comparison/reference with κατὰ ταὐτὰ καὶ τοῖς Ἑρμαῖς.
11,,PUNCT__15 σημαίνειpuncthighPunctuation.
12τὸDETAt---NomSN-Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art14 ἐπίγραμμαdethighArticle with ἐπίγραμμα.
13δὲδέPARTG--------_15 σημαίνειdiscoursehighPostpositive contrastive particle.
14ἐπίγραμμαἐπίγραμμαNOUNNb-S---NN-Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing15 σημαίνειnsubjhighSubject of σημαίνει.
15σημαίνεισημαίνωVERBV3spia---Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMain verb.
16τὴνDETAt---AccFS-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art18 ἈφροδίτηνdethighArticle with Οὐρανίαν Ἀφροδίτην.
17ΟὐρανίανΟὐρανίαADJA--s---FA-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing18 ἈφροδίτηνamodmediumUsed substantivally as an epithet modifying Ἀφροδίτην.
18ἈφροδίτηνἈφροδίτηPROPNN-S---FA-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing22 εἶναιobjhighObject of σημαίνει, with infinitival complement.
19τῶνDETAt---GenPF-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art21 ΜοιρῶνdethighArticle with καλουμένων.
20καλουμένωνκαλέωVERBV--pppmg-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid21 ΜοιρῶνaclmediumAttributive participle modifying Μοιρῶν; gender/number taken from context.
21ΜοιρῶνΜοῖραNOUNN-P---GF-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur18 ἈφροδίτηνnmodhighGenitive dependent on Ἀφροδίτην: 'of the so-called Fates'.
22εἶναιεἰμίAUXV--n--a--Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act15 σημαίνειxcomphighInfinitival complement of σημαίνει.
23πρεσβυτάτηνπρεσβύτατοςADJA--s---SACCase=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing22 εἶναιxcomphighPredicate adjective with infinitive εἶναι.
24..PUNCT__15 σημαίνειpuncthighPunctuation.
Sentence 4

1.19.2 sentence 4

Tokens
20
Input
783
Output
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Total
2,176

τὸ δὲ ἄγαλμα τῆς Ἀφροδίτης τῆς ἐν τοῖς Κήποις ἔργον ἐστὶν Ἀλκαμένους καὶ τῶν Ἀθήνῃσιν ἐν ὀλίγοις θέας ἄξιον.

The clause has a copular predicate with two coordinated predicate phrases: ἔργον ἐστίν Ἀλκαμένους and καὶ ... θέας ἄξιον, with a genitive of possession/authorship and a somewhat compressed locative phrase.

conj punct nsubj nmod nmod det det det nmod case nmod cc discourse det det xcomp case amod nmod root 1 τὸ ὁ / DET 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 ἄγαλμα ἄγαλμα / NOUN 4 τῆς ὁ / DET 5 Ἀφροδίτης Ἀφροδίτη / PROPN 6 τῆς ὁ / DET 7 ἐν ἐν / ADP 8 τοῖς ὁ / DET 9 Κήποις Κῆποι / PROPN 10 ἔργον ἔργον / NOUN 11 ἐστὶν εἰμί / AUX 12 Ἀλκαμένους Ἀλκαμένης / PROPN 13 καὶ καί / CCONJ 14 τῶν ὁ / DET 15 Ἀθήνῃσιν Ἀθήνησι / PROPN 16 ἐν ἐν / ADP 17 ὀλίγοις ὀλίγος / ADJ 18 θέας θέα / NOUN 19 ἄξιον ἄξιος / ADJ 20 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1τὸDET_Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art3 ἄγαλμαdethigh
2δὲδέPART__3 ἄγαλμαdiscoursehigh
3ἄγαλμαἄγαλμαNOUN_Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing11 ἐστὶνnsubjhigh
4τῆςDET_Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art5 Ἀφροδίτηςdethigh
5ἈφροδίτηςἈφροδίτηPROPN_Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing3 ἄγαλμαnmodhigh
6τῆςDET_Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art9 Κήποιςdethigh
7ἐνἐνADP__9 Κήποιςcasehigh
8τοῖςDET_Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art9 Κήποιςdethigh
9ΚήποιςΚῆποιPROPN_Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur5 Ἀφροδίτηςnmodhigh
10ἔργονἔργονNOUN_Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing11 ἐστὶνxcompmediumPredicative noun with ἐστίν; alternatively could be treated as an object complement.
11ἐστὶνεἰμίAUX_Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
12ἈλκαμένουςἈλκαμένηςPROPN_Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing10 ἔργονnmodhighGenitive of authorship/possession.
13καὶκαίCCONJ__15 Ἀθήνῃσινcchigh
14τῶνDET_Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art18 θέαςdethigh
15ἈθήνῃσινἈθήνησιPROPN_Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur10 ἔργονnmodmediumLikely dative of location/source with implied ellipsis; form is adverbial toponymic dative.
16ἐνἐνADP__17 ὀλίγοιςcasehigh
17ὀλίγοιςὀλίγοςADJ_Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur18 θέαςamodhigh
18θέαςθέαNOUN_Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing19 ἄξιονnmodhigh
19ἄξιονἄξιοςADJ_Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing3 ἄγαλμαconjmediumConnected by καὶ to the first predicate; adjective predicate with omitted εἰσί/ἐστίν semantics.
20..PUNCT__11 ἐστὶνpuncthigh
← 1.19.11.19.3 →