Grammar parses for passage 1.21.7
Open translation for this passage
οἱ δὲ θώρακες οἱ λινοῖ μαχομένοις μὲν οὐχ ὁμοίως εἰσὶ χρήσιμοι, διιᾶσι γὰρ καὶ βιαζόμενοι τὸν σίδηρον·
The dative μαχομένοις is best read as a dative of reference with χρήσιμοι; διιᾶσι and βιαζόμενοι form the explanatory clause, with the participle coordinated to the finite verb's understood subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T--NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 θώρακες | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 3 θώρακες | cc | high | |
| 3 | θώρακες | θώραξ | NOUN | N--NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 εἰσὶ | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T--NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 λινοῖ | det | high | Article with the attributive adjective. |
| 5 | λινοῖ | λίνος | ADJ | A--NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 θώρακες | amod | high | |
| 6 | μαχομένοις | μάχομαι | VERB | V-PMPDPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 11 χρήσιμοι | obl | high | Dative of reference with χρήσιμοι. |
| 7 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 6 μαχομένοις | discourse | high | |
| 8 | οὐχ | οὐ | PART | G-------- | Polarity=Neg | 11 χρήσιμοι | advmod | high | |
| 9 | ὁμοίως | ὁμοίως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 11 χρήσιμοι | advmod | high | |
| 10 | εἰσὶ | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA3PP | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | χρήσιμοι | χρήσιμος | ADJ | A--NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 εἰσὶ | acomp | high | Predicate adjective of εἰσὶ. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 εἰσὶ | punct | high | |
| 13 | διιᾶσι | διαίω | VERB | V-PIA3PP | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 10 εἰσὶ | conj | medium | Present form means they let/pass through or pierce; exact lexical analysis is somewhat uncertain. |
| 14 | γὰρ | γάρ | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 διιᾶσι | mark | high | |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 βιαζόμενοι | cc | high | |
| 16 | βιαζόμενοι | βιάζομαι | VERB | V-PMPNPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 13 διιᾶσι | advcl | medium | Conjoined participle, probably agreeing with the implicit subject of διιᾶσι. |
| 17 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T--ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 σίδηρον | det | high | |
| 18 | σίδηρον | σίδηρος | NOUN | N--ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 βιαζόμενοι | obj | high | |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 διιᾶσι | punct | high |
θηρεύοντας δὲ ὠφελοῦσιν, ἐναποκλῶνται γάρ σφισι καὶ λεόντων ὀδόντες καὶ παρδάλεων.
The second clause explains the benefit: lion and leopard teeth become embedded/curved into the hunters or users, with σφισι as dative of reference/possession.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | θηρεύοντας | θηρεύω | VERB | V- PPA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 ὠφελοῦσιν | advcl | high | Present active participle, adverbial/circumstantial; its understood object is the persons helped. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 ὠφελοῦσιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὠφελοῦσιν | ὠφελέω | VERB | V- PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main verb. |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 3 ὠφελοῦσιν | punct | high | |
| 5 | ἐναποκλῶνται | ἐναποκλάω | VERB | V- PMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 3 ὠφελοῦσιν | parataxis | medium | Present middle/passive-form verb in explanatory clause; lexical sense is 'are bent/curved into' or 'get embedded'. |
| 6 | γάρ | γάρ | PART | CONJ | _ | 5 ἐναποκλῶνται | mark | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 7 | σφισι | σφεῖς | PRON | P-3DPM | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 5 ἐναποκλῶνται | iobj | high | Third-person plural dative pronoun, likely referring to the hunters/people helped. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ὀδόντες | cc | high | Coordinates the two genitive-partitive noun phrases. |
| 9 | λεόντων | λέων | NOUN | N- GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ὀδόντες | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ὀδόντες. |
| 10 | ὀδόντες | ὀδούς | NOUN | N- NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἐναποκλῶνται | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐναποκλῶνται. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 παρδάλεων | cc | high | Coordinates παρδάλεων with λεόντων. |
| 12 | παρδάλεων | πάρδαλις | NOUN | N- GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 ὀδόντες | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ὀδόντες. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 5 ἐναποκλῶνται | punct | high |
θώρακας δὲ λινοῦς ἰδεῖν ἔν τε ἄλλοις ἱεροῖς ἔστιν ἀνακειμένους καὶ ἐν Γρυνείῳ, ἔνθα Ἀπόλλωνος κάλλιστον ἄλσος δένδρων καὶ ἡμέρων καὶ ὅσα τῶν ἀκάρπων ὀσμῆς παρέχεταί τινα ἢ θέας ἡδονήν.
The sentence has an extraposed infinitive construction: θώρακας λινοῦς ἰδεῖν ἔστιν ἀνακειμένους, with ἀνακειμένους agreeing accusatively with θώρακας; ἄλσος is the subject of an implicit/copular clause after ἔνθα, while ὅσα τῶν ἀκάρπων is a relative nominal subject coordinated with δένδρων and modified by παρέχεται.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | θώρακας | θώραξ | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἰδεῖν | obj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 4 ἰδεῖν | cc | high | |
| 3 | λινοῦς | λίνος | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 θώρακας | amod | high | |
| 4 | ἰδεῖν | ὁράω | VERB | V--AAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 9 ἔστιν | xcomp | high | Extraposed infinitive complement of ἔστιν. |
| 5 | ἔν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 ἄλλοις | case | high | |
| 6 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 7 ἄλλοις | cc | high | First member of τε ... καί coordination. |
| 7 | ἄλλοις | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 ἱεροῖς | amod | high | |
| 8 | ἱεροῖς | ἱερός | NOUN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἔστιν | obl | high | Substantivized neuter plural: sanctuaries. |
| 9 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | ἀνακειμένους | ἀνάκειμαι | VERB | V-PPM-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 1 θώρακας | acl | high | Predicative participle agreeing with θώρακας; syntactically linked to the infinitive construction. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 12 ἐν | cc | high | |
| 12 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 Γρυνείῳ | case | high | |
| 13 | Γρυνείῳ | Γρύνειον | PROPN | Ne-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἔστιν | obl | high | |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 Γρυνείῳ | punct | high | |
| 15 | ἔνθα | ἔνθα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 18 ἄλσος | advmod | high | Locative relative adverb introducing the description of Gryneion. |
| 16 | Ἀπόλλωνος | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | Ne-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἄλσος | nmod | high | |
| 17 | κάλλιστον | καλός | ADJ | A-SNS | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἄλσος | amod | high | |
| 18 | ἄλσος | ἄλσος | NOUN | N-SNS | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἔστιν | parataxis | medium | Nominal predicate/subject in the relative-location description; copula is understood. |
| 19 | δένδρων | δένδρον | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 ἄλσος | nmod | high | Genitive of contents/composition with ἄλσος. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 21 ἡμέρων | cc | high | |
| 21 | ἡμέρων | ἥμερος | ADJ | A-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 δένδρων | amod | high | Substantivized/elliptical genitive, coordinated with δένδρων. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 23 ὅσα | cc | high | |
| 23 | ὅσα | ὅσος | PRON | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 27 παρέχεταί | nsubj | medium | Free-relative nominal, coordinated semantically with δένδρων; the construction is somewhat elliptical. |
| 24 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 25 ἀκάρπων | det | high | |
| 25 | ἀκάρπων | ἄκαρπος | ADJ | A-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 23 ὅσα | nmod | high | Substantivized: fruitless trees/plants. |
| 26 | ὀσμῆς | ὀσμή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 παρέχεταί | obl | medium | Genitive complement with παρέχεται, likely source/content of the pleasure. |
| 27 | παρέχεταί | παρέχω | VERB | V-PMI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 18 ἄλσος | acl | medium | Relative verbal predicate associated with ὅσα; singular agreement is retained despite the neuter plural relative. |
| 28 | τινα | τις | PRON | X-SNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 31 ἡδονήν | det | medium | Indefinite τινά, object-like accusative with ἡδονήν/pleasure expression; accentuation in input is unmarked. |
| 29 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 30 θέας | cc | high | |
| 30 | θέας | θέα | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 31 ἡδονήν | nmod | high | Genitive coordinated with ὀσμῆς. |
| 31 | ἡδονήν | ἡδονή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 παρέχεταί | obj | medium | Object of παρέχεται; τινα likely modifies an understood or constructionally associated pleasure. |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔστιν | punct | high |