Grammar parses for passage 1.21.7
Open translation for this passage
οἱ δὲ θώρακες οἱ λινοῖ μαχομένοις μὲν οὐχ ὁμοίως εἰσὶ χρήσιμοι, διιᾶσι γὰρ καὶ βιαζόμενοι τὸν σίδηρον·
The syntax is centered on the predicate adjective χρήσιμοι with εἰσὶ as copula; the following γάρ-clause explains the statement and contains a participial complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | PDS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 θώρακες | det | high | Article modifying θώρακες. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G | _ | 3 θώρακες | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | θώρακες | θώραξ | NOUN | N--NP--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 χρήσιμοι | nsubj | high | Subject of χρήσιμοι. |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | PDS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 λινοῖ | det | high | Article modifying λινοῖ. |
| 5 | λινοῖ | λίνος | ADJ | A--NP--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 θώρακες | amod | medium | Likely adjectival use 'linen' agreeing with θώρακες. |
| 6 | μαχομένοις | μάχομαι | VERB | V-PMP- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 11 χρήσιμοι | obl | high | Dative participle dependent on χρήσιμοι. |
| 7 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G | _ | 6 μαχομένοις | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 8 | οὐχ | οὐ | PART | D | Polarity=Neg | 11 χρήσιμοι | advmod | high | Negator modifying χρήσιμοι. |
| 9 | ὁμοίως | ὁμοίως | ADV | D--------- | _ | 11 χρήσιμοι | advmod | high | Adverb modifying χρήσιμοι. |
| 10 | εἰσὶ | εἰμί | AUX | V3PPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 11 χρήσιμοι | cop | high | Copula. |
| 11 | χρήσιμοι | χρήσιμος | ADJ | A--NP--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | high | Predicate adjective as clausal root. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 χρήσιμοι | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 13 | διιᾶσι | διίημι | VERB | V3PPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 11 χρήσιμοι | parataxis | medium | Sense/context suggests 'they pass through'; likely finite verb. |
| 14 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | G | _ | 13 διιᾶσι | discourse | high | Explanatory particle. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 16 βιαζόμενοι | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 16 | βιαζόμενοι | βιάζω | VERB | V-PMP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 13 διιᾶσι | advcl | high | Participial clause coordinated with διιᾶσι. |
| 17 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | PDS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 σίδηρον | det | high | Article modifying σίδηρον. |
| 18 | σίδηρον | σίδηρος | NOUN | N--ASM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 βιαζόμενοι | obj | high | Object of βιαζόμενοι. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 χρήσιμοι | punct | high | Punctuation mark. |
θηρεύοντας δὲ ὠφελοῦσιν, ἐναποκλῶνται γάρ σφισι καὶ λεόντων ὀδόντες καὶ παρδάλεων.
The syntax is two juxtaposed clauses: ὠφελοῦσιν with a participial modifier, then ἐναποκλῶνται with γάρ and a nominative subject expressed by ὀδόντες plus coordinated genitives.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | θηρεύοντας | θηρεύω | VERB | V-PAP-APM | Aspect=Imp|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 3 ὠφελοῦσιν | advcl | high | Present active participle, accusative plural masculine; likely adverbial/circumstantial modifying ὠφελοῦσιν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PCL | _ | 3 ὠφελοῦσιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ὠφελοῦσιν | ὠφελέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ὠφελοῦσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 5 | ἐναποκλῶνται | ἐναποκλάω | VERB | V-PMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 3 ὠφελοῦσιν | parataxis | medium | Likely another finite predication coordinated/loosely juxtaposed to ὠφελοῦσιν; middle/passive form. |
| 6 | γάρ | γάρ | PART | PCL | _ | 5 ἐναποκλῶνται | discourse | high | Explanatory particle attached to the following clause. |
| 7 | σφισι | σφεῖς | PRON | P-3DP | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 5 ἐναποκλῶνται | iobj | high | Dative pronoun; likely dative of disadvantage/benefit with ἐναποκλῶνται. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | COORD | _ | 10 ὀδόντες | cc | high | Coordination of noun phrases. |
| 9 | λεόντων | λέων | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ὀδόντες | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ὀδόντες. |
| 10 | ὀδόντες | ὀδούς | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἐναποκλῶνται | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐναποκλῶνται. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | COORD | _ | 12 παρδάλεων | cc | high | Coordinates the second genitive phrase. |
| 12 | παρδάλεων | παρδάλη | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 ὀδόντες | conj | high | Second coordinated genitive dependent of ὀδόντες. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ὠφελοῦσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
θώρακας δὲ λινοῦς ἰδεῖν ἔν τε ἄλλοις ἱεροῖς ἔστιν ἀνακειμένους καὶ ἐν Γρυνείῳ, ἔνθα Ἀπόλλωνος κάλλιστον ἄλσος δένδρων καὶ ἡμέρων καὶ ὅσα τῶν ἀκάρπων ὀσμῆς παρέχεταί τινα ἢ θέας ἡδονήν.
The first clause has an existential/copular construction with participle and infinitive; the second clause is a relative clause with compressed genitive complements and coordinated alternative objects (ὀσμῆς ... ἢ θέας ἡδονήν).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | θώρακας | θώραξ | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἔστιν | obj | high | Object of ἔστιν with infinitival construction. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 9 ἔστιν | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | λινοῦς | λίνος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 θώρακας | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying θώρακας. |
| 4 | ἰδεῖν | ὁράω | VERB | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 1 θώρακας | acl | medium | Likely infinitival complement with θώρακας; semantics somewhat odd with ἔστιν. |
| 5 | ἔν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 8 ἱεροῖς | case | high | Preposition governing ἄλλοις ἱεροῖς. |
| 6 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 5 ἔν | fixed | high | Enclitic coordinating particle in ἔν τε. |
| 7 | ἄλλοις | ἄλλος | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 ἱεροῖς | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying ἱεροῖς. |
| 8 | ἱεροῖς | ἱερός | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἔστιν | obl | high | Dative phrase dependent on ἔστιν. |
| 9 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential predicate. |
| 10 | ἀνακειμένους | ἀνάκειμαι | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 9 ἔστιν | xcomp | high | Predicative participle with θώρακας. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 12 ἐν | cc | high | Coordinates prepositional phrases. |
| 12 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 13 Γρυνείῳ | case | high | Preposition governing Γρυνείῳ. |
| 13 | Γρυνείῳ | Γρύνειον | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἔστιν | obl | high | Locative dative with ἐν. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔστιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 15 | ἔνθα | ἔνθα | ADV | _ | _ | 27 παρέχεταί | advmod | high | Relative adverb 'where' introducing the next clause. |
| 16 | Ἀπόλλωνος | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἄλσος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἄλσος. |
| 17 | κάλλιστον | καλός | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἄλσος | amod | high | Superlative modifier of ἄλσος. |
| 18 | ἄλσος | ἄλσος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 27 παρέχεταί | nsubj | high | Subject of παρέχεταί. |
| 19 | δένδρων | δένδρον | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 ἄλσος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἄλσος. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 21 ἡμέρων | cc | high | Coordinates genitives. |
| 21 | ἡμέρων | ἥμερος | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 δένδρων | conj | high | Coordinated with δένδρων. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 23 ὅσα | cc | high | Coordinates relative elements. |
| 23 | ὅσα | ὅσος | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 27 παρέχεταί | nsubj | medium | Relative/indefinite pronoun, likely part of subject phrase with implicit antecedent. |
| 24 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 25 ἀκάρπων | det | high | Definite article. |
| 25 | ἀκάρπων | ἄκαρπος | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 23 ὅσα | nmod | medium | Genitive modifier; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 26 | ὀσμῆς | ὀσμή | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 παρέχεταί | obj | high | Likely genitive of the thing supplied/provided by παρέχεταί. |
| 27 | παρέχεταί | παρέχω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the relative clause. |
| 28 | τινα | τις | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 31 ἡδονήν | det | medium | Indefinite pronoun functioning adjectivally before ἡδονήν. |
| 29 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 30 θέας | cc | high | Coordinating disjunction. |
| 30 | θέας | θέα | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 31 ἡδονήν | nmod | high | Genitive coordinated with ὀσμῆς under παρέχεταί. |
| 31 | ἡδονήν | ἡδονή | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 παρέχεταί | obj | high | Direct object of παρέχεταί. |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 παρέχεταί | punct | high | Punctuation. |