Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 1.23.2

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Passage 1.23.2

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2sentences parsed

83Greek tokens

1,947input tokens

5,837output tokens

Sentence 1

1.23.2 sentence 1

Tokens: 48
Input: 1,020
Output: 3,384
Total: 4,404

ταύτην γάρ, ἐπεί τε ἀπέθανεν Ἵππαρχος, ---λέγω δὲ οὐκ ἐς συγγραφὴν πρότερον ἥκοντα, πιστὰ δὲ ἄλλως Ἀθηναίων τοῖς πολλοῖς---Ἱππίας εἶχεν ἐν αἰκίᾳ ἐς ὃ διέφθειρεν, οἷα ἑταίραν Ἀριστογείτονος ἐπιστάμενος οὖσαν καὶ τὸ βούλευμα οὐδαμῶς ἀγνοῆσαι δοξάζων·

Parenthetical explanatory digression with the finite verb λέγω governing the comment clause; ἐπεί introduces the temporal clause, and the participles/infinitives after Ἱππίας form a participial chain around εἶχεν.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ταύτην	οὗτος	PRON	Pp-3ASF-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|PronType=Dem	30 εἶχεν	obj	high	Object of Ἱππίας εἶχεν.
2	γάρ	γάρ	PART	G--------	_	30 εἶχεν	discourse	high	Postpositive explanatory particle.
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	30 εἶχεν	punct	high	Punctuation.
4	ἐπεί	ἐπεί	SCONJ	Cs	_	6 ἀπέθανεν	mark	high	Introduces temporal clause.
5	τε	τε	PART	G--------	_	4 ἐπεί	fixed	medium	Enclitic particle within ἐπεί τε.
6	ἀπέθανεν	ἀποθνῄσκω	VERB	V-3AAI-S--	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	30 εἶχεν	advcl	high	Verb of temporal clause.
7	Ἵππαρχος	Ἵππαρχος	PROPN	Ne-S---MN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 ἀπέθανεν	nsubj	high	Subject of ἀπέθανεν.
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	30 εἶχεν	punct	high	Punctuation.
9	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	12 λέγω	punct	high	Editorial dash.
10	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	12 λέγω	punct	high	Editorial dash.
11	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	12 λέγω	punct	high	Editorial dash.
12	λέγω	λέγω	VERB	V-1PAI-S--	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	30 εἶχεν	parataxis	high	Parenthetical first-person aside.
13	δὲ	δέ	PART	G--------	_	12 λέγω	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
14	οὐκ	οὐ	PART	D--------	Polarity=Neg	18 ἥκοντα	advmod	high	Negates ἥκοντα.
15	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R--------	_	16 συγγραφὴν	case	high	Preposition.
16	συγγραφὴν	συγγραφή	NOUN	N-AF-S---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	18 ἥκοντα	obl	high	Prepositional object of ἥκοντα.
17	πρότερον	πρότερος	ADV	D--------	_	18 ἥκοντα	advmod	high	Adverbial modifier.
18	ἥκοντα	ἥκω	VERB	V-PAP-ASM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	30 εἶχεν	advcl	medium	Agreement is syntactically awkward with ταύτην; likely participial comment clause modifying the main assertion.
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	30 εἶχεν	punct	high	Punctuation.
20	πιστὰ	πιστός	ADJ	A-NP-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	30 εἶχεν	xcomp	medium	Likely predicative to omitted/copular sense in parenthesis; morphology may be adverbial by sense, but form is adjectival.
21	δὲ	δέ	PART	G--------	_	20 πιστὰ	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
22	ἄλλως	ἄλλως	ADV	D--------	_	30 εἶχεν	advmod	high	Adverbial modifier.
23	Ἀθηναίων	Ἀθηναῖος	ADJ	A-PM-GPM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	25 πολλοῖς	nmod	high	Genitive modifier of τοῖς πολλοῖς.
24	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	T-P---DM-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	25 πολλοῖς	det	high	Article.
25	πολλοῖς	πολύς	ADJ	A-PD-DPM-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	20 πιστὰ	obl	high	Dative phrase dependent on πιστὰ.
26	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	30 εἶχεν	punct	high	Editorial dash.
27	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	30 εἶχεν	punct	high	Editorial dash.
28	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	30 εἶχεν	punct	high	Editorial dash.
29	Ἱππίας	Ἱππίας	PROPN	Ne-S---MN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	30 εἶχεν	nsubj	high	Subject of εἶχεν.
30	εἶχεν	ἔχω	VERB	V-3IAI-S--	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb.
31	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R--------	_	32 αἰκίᾳ	case	high	Preposition.
32	αἰκίᾳ	αἰκία	NOUN	N-DF-S---	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	30 εἶχεν	obl	high	Locative complement of εἶχεν.
33	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R--------	_	34 ὃ	case	high	Preposition.
34	ὃ	ὅς	PRON	P--AS---N-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Rel	35 διέφθειρεν	obj	high	Relative pronoun as object of διέφθειρεν.
35	διέφθειρεν	διαφθείρω	VERB	V-3AAI-S--	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	30 εἶχεν	advcl	high	Relative clause modifying αἰκίᾳ/Ἱππίας contextually.
36	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	30 εἶχεν	punct	high	Punctuation.
37	οἷα	οἷος	ADJ	A-AP-?N-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	40 ἐπιστάμενος	advcl	low	Form is hard to parse in context; likely part of the participial phrase introducing a causal/reasoned characterization.
38	ἑταίραν	ἑταίρα	NOUN	N-AF-S---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	40 ἐπιστάμενος	xcomp	medium	Complement/predicative object with ἐπιστάμενος.
39	Ἀριστογείτονος	Ἀριστογείτων	PROPN	Ne-S---MG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	38 ἑταίραν	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on ἑταίραν.
40	ἐπιστάμενος	ἐπίσταμαι	VERB	V-PPM-SNM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	30 εἶχεν	advcl	high	Circumstantial participle modifying Ἱππίας.
41	οὖσαν	εἰμί	VERB	V-PAP-ASF-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	38 ἑταίραν	acl	high	Participle agreeing with ἑταίραν.
42	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	47 δοξάζων	cc	high	Coordinating conjunction.
43	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-S---AN-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	44 βούλευμα	det	high	Article.
44	βούλευμα	βούλευμα	NOUN	N-AS-S---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	46 ἀγνοῆσαι	obj	high	Object of ἀγνοῆσαι.
45	οὐδαμῶς	οὐδαμῶς	ADV	D--------	_	46 ἀγνοῆσαι	advmod	high	Adverbial modifier of infinitive.
46	ἀγνοῆσαι	ἀγνοέω	VERB	V-AAN	Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	47 δοξάζων	xcomp	high	Complement of δοξάζων.
47	δοξάζων	δοξάζω	VERB	V-PPA-NSM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	30 εἶχεν	advcl	high	Final participial modifier of Ἱππίας.
48	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	30 εἶχεν	punct	high	Punctuation.

Sentence 2

1.23.2 sentence 2

Tokens: 35
Input: 927
Output: 2,453
Total: 3,380

ἀντὶ δὲ τούτων, ἐπεὶ τυραννίδος ἐπαύθησαν οἱ Πεισιστρατίδαι, χαλκῆ λέαινα Ἀθηναίοις ἐστὶν ἐς μνήμην τῆς γυναικός, παρὰ δὲ αὐτὴν ἄγαλμα Ἀφροδίτης, ὃ Καλλίου τέ φασιν ἀνάθημα εἶναι καὶ ἔργον Καλάμιδος .

The syntax is somewhat compressed: ἀντὶ δὲ τούτων stands as a fronted contrastive phrase, while the main clause has a coordinated predicate (χαλκῆ λέαινα ... ἄγαλμα ...), followed by a relative clause with reported speech.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἀντὶ	ἀντί	ADP	_	_	3 τούτων	case	high	Preposition taking genitive.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	3 τούτων	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
3	τούτων	οὗτος	PRON	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Dem	14 ἐστὶν	obl	medium	Likely object of ἀντί; attachment to the later clause is uncertain in this ellipsis.
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	14 ἐστὶν	punct	high	Punctuation.
5	ἐπεὶ	ἐπεί	SCONJ	_	_	7 ἐπαύθησαν	mark	high	Subordinating conjunction.
6	τυραννίδος	τυραννίς	NOUN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 ἐπαύθησαν	obl	high	Genitive with ἐπαύθησαν.
7	ἐπαύθησαν	παύω	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Pass	14 ἐστὶν	advcl	high	Dependent temporal clause.
8	οἱ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	9 Πεισιστρατίδαι	det	high	Article with proper noun.
9	Πεισιστρατίδαι	Πεισιστρατίδης	PROPN	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	7 ἐπαύθησαν	nsubj	high	Subject of ἐπαύθησαν.
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	7 ἐπαύθησαν	punct	high	Punctuation.
11	χαλκῆ	χαλκοῦς	ADJ	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	12 λέαινα	amod	high	Adjective modifying λέαινα.
12	λέαινα	λέαινα	NOUN	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	14 ἐστὶν	nsubj	high	Subject of ἐστὶν.
13	Ἀθηναίοις	Ἀθηναῖος	PROPN	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	14 ἐστὶν	obl	high	Dative of reference/possession with ἐστίν.
14	ἐστὶν	εἰμί	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main copular predicate.
15	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	_	_	16 μνήμην	case	high	Preposition with accusative.
16	μνήμην	μνήμη	NOUN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	14 ἐστὶν	obl	high	Prepositional complement of ἐστίν.
17	τῆς	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	18 γυναικός	det	high	Article with γυναικός.
18	γυναικός	γυνή	NOUN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	16 μνήμην	nmod	high	Genitive dependent of μνήμην.
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	14 ἐστὶν	punct	high	Punctuation.
20	παρὰ	παρά	ADP	_	_	22 αὐτὴν	case	high	Preposition with accusative.
21	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	22 αὐτὴν	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
22	αὐτὴν	αὐτός	PRON	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	23 ἄγαλμα	nmod	medium	Likely object of παρά, modifying ἄγαλμα in apposition; attachment is somewhat uncertain.
23	ἄγαλμα	ἄγαλμα	NOUN	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	14 ἐστὶν	conj	high	Second coordinated/predicative item after λέαινα, sharing ἐστίν.
24	Ἀφροδίτης	Ἀφροδίτη	PROPN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	23 ἄγαλμα	nmod	high	Genitive dependent of ἄγαλμα.
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	29 φασιν	punct	high	Punctuation.
26	ὃ	ὅς	PRON	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Rel	29 φασιν	obj	high	Relative pronoun referring to ἄγαλμα.
27	Καλλίου	Καλλίας	PROPN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	30 ἀνάθημα	nmod	high	Genitive with ἀνάθημα.
28	τέ	τε	PART	_	_	29 φασιν	discourse	high	Enclitic connective.
29	φασιν	φημί	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	23 ἄγαλμα	acl:relcl	high	Relative clause modifying ἄγαλμα.
30	ἀνάθημα	ἀνάθημα	NOUN	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	31 εἶναι	xcomp	high	Complement of φασιν in reported speech.
31	εἶναι	εἰμί	AUX	_	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	29 φασιν	ccomp	high	Infinitival complement of φασιν.
32	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	33 ἔργον	cc	high	Coordinating conjunction.
33	ἔργον	ἔργον	NOUN	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	30 ἀνάθημα	conj	high	Coordinated predicative complement with ἀνάθημα.
34	Καλάμιδος	Κάλαμις	PROPN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	33 ἔργον	nmod	high	Genitive dependent of ἔργον.
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	14 ἐστὶν	punct	high	Punctuation.

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