Grammar parses for passage 1.29.6
Open translation for this passage
ἔστι δὲ ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ μνήματος στήλη μαχομένους ἔχουσα ἱππεῖς·
Syntax is straightforward overall; the only difficult point is the accusative participle μαχομένους, which likely agrees semantically with ἱππεῖς under ἔχουσα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-3SPAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἔμπροσθεν | ἔμπροσθεν | ADP | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | advmod | medium | Used adverbially with genitive complement. |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S-DSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 μνήματος | det | high | Article modifying μνήματος. |
| 5 | μνήματος | μνῆμα | NOUN | N-SNG | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἔμπροσθεν | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἔμπροσθεν. |
| 6 | στήλη | στήλη | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔστι. |
| 7 | μαχομένους | μάχομαι | VERB | V-PMPA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 8 ἔχουσα | obj | medium | Participial modifier construed with ἱππεῖς; accusative form may be attracted by ἔχουσα construction. |
| 8 | ἔχουσα | ἔχω | VERB | V-SPPAF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 στήλη | acl | high | Participle modifying στήλη. |
| 9 | ἱππεῖς | ἱππεύς | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἔχουσα | obj | high | Object of ἔχουσα. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
Μελάνωπός σφισίν ἐστι καὶ Μακάρτατος ὀνόματα, οὓς κατέλαβεν ἀποθανεῖν ἐναντία Λακεδαιμονίων καὶ Βοιωτῶν τεταγμένους, ἔνθα τῆς Ἐλεωνίας εἰσὶ χώρας πρὸς Ταναγραίους ὅροι.
The sentence has nested clauses and a somewhat elliptical predicate construction: Μελάνωπός καὶ Μακάρτατος ὀνόματα, followed by a relative clause and a locative clause with ἔνθα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μελάνωπός | Μελάνωπος | PROPN | NNP | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 6 ὀνόματα | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστι; name used substantively. |
| 2 | σφισίν | σφεῖς | PRON | Pp3d | Case=Dative|Number=Plural|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 3 ἐστι | expl | medium | Dative pronoun likely ethical/dative of reference with ἐστι. |
| 3 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 Μακάρτατος | cc | high | Coordinates proper names. |
| 5 | Μακάρτατος | Μακάρτατος | PROPN | NNP | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 1 Μελάνωπός | conj | medium | Second coordinated nominative, parallel to Μελάνωπός; syntax slightly uncertain. |
| 6 | ὀνόματα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 3 ἐστι | xcomp | medium | Predicate/appositive accusative with ἐστι; could be nominative in sense but form is accusative plural. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ὀνόματα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 8 | οὓς | ὅς | PRON | P-APM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural|PronType=Rel | 9 κατέλαβεν | obj | high | Relative pronoun object of κατέλαβεν. |
| 9 | κατέλαβεν | καταλαμβάνω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 3 ἐστι | advcl | high | Finite verb introducing relative clause. |
| 10 | ἀποθανεῖν | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 9 κατέλαβεν | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive. |
| 11 | ἐναντία | ἐναντίος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 15 τεταγμένους | advmod | medium | Adverbial/predicative modifier with τεταγμένους; form may also be substantival. |
| 12 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 11 ἐναντία | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἐναντία. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 Βοιωτῶν | cc | high | Coordinates genitives. |
| 14 | Βοιωτῶν | Βοιωτός | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 12 Λακεδαιμονίων | conj | high | Second coordinated genitive. |
| 15 | τεταγμένους | τάσσω | VERB | V-RPP-AMP | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 9 κατέλαβεν | xcomp | high | Participial complement/predication with the relative clause verb. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 τεταγμένους | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 17 | ἔνθα | ἔνθα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 24 ὅροι | advmod | high | Locative relative adverb. |
| 18 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 21 χώρας | det | high | Article modifying χώρας. |
| 19 | Ἐλεωνίας | Ἐλεωνία | PROPN | NNP | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 21 χώρας | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of χώρας. |
| 20 | εἰσὶ | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 24 ὅροι | cop | high | Copula with χώρας as predicate nominal. |
| 21 | χώρας | χώρα | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 24 ὅροι | nmod | medium | Genitive with ὅροι, likely partitive or possessive ('bounds of the land'). |
| 22 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 23 Ταναγραίους | case | high | Preposition. |
| 23 | Ταναγραίους | Ταναγραῖος | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 24 ὅροι | nmod | high | Prepositional complement modifying ὅροι. |
| 24 | ὅροι | ὅρος | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 9 κατέλαβεν | ccomp | medium | Predicative clause after ἔνθα; nominative plural with εἰσὶ and genitive χώρας. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 κατέλαβεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
καὶ Θεσσαλῶν τάφος ἐστὶν ἱππέων κατὰ παλαιὰν φιλίαν ἐλθόντων, ὅτε σὺν Ἀρχιδάμῳ Πελοποννήσιοι πρῶτον ἐσέβαλον ἐς τὴν Ἀττικὴν στρατιᾷ,
Main clause is a copular nominal clause with τάφος as root; the ὅτε-clause is a temporal subordinate clause, and ἐλθόντων is a genitive participial modifier.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 3 τάφος | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction linking to previous context. |
| 2 | Θεσσαλῶν | Θεσσαλός | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 τάφος | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of τάφος. |
| 3 | τάφος | τάφος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular clause predicate noun. |
| 4 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 3 τάφος | cop | high | Copula with τάφος as predicate head. |
| 5 | ἱππέων | ἱππεύς | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 τάφος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of τάφος, likely partitive/associative. |
| 6 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | _ | _ | 8 φιλίαν | case | high | Introduces accusative phrase. |
| 7 | παλαιὰν | παλαιός | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 φιλίαν | amod | high | Adnominal modifier of φιλίαν. |
| 8 | φιλίαν | φιλία | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἐλθόντων | obl | medium | Accusative phrase headed by κατὰ; semantically causal/based-on. |
| 9 | ἐλθόντων | ἔρχομαι | VERB | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 3 τάφος | acl | high | Genitive participial modifier of τάφος/ἱππέων. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 τάφος | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | ὅτε | ὅτε | SCONJ | _ | _ | 16 ἐσέβαλον | mark | high | Introduces temporal subordinate clause. |
| 12 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | _ | _ | 13 Ἀρχιδάμῳ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 13 | Ἀρχιδάμῳ | Ἀρχίδαμος | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἐσέβαλον | obl | high | Oblique comitative phrase with σὺν. |
| 14 | Πελοποννήσιοι | Πελοποννήσιος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἐσέβαλον | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐσέβαλον. |
| 15 | πρῶτον | πρῶτον | ADV | _ | _ | 16 ἐσέβαλον | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the verb. |
| 16 | ἐσέβαλον | ἐσβάλλω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 3 τάφος | advcl | high | Temporal clause verb dependent on the main nominal clause. |
| 17 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 20 στρατιᾷ | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 18 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 Ἀττικὴν | det | high | Article modifying Ἀττικὴν. |
| 19 | Ἀττικὴν | Ἀττική | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 στρατιᾷ | obl | high | Goal/location complement of ἐσέβαλον. |
| 20 | στρατιᾷ | στρατιά | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἐσέβαλον | obl | medium | Dative of means/instrument; attachment to ἐσέβαλον. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἐσέβαλον | punct | high | Punctuation. |