Grammar parses for passage 1.40.5
Open translation for this passage
ἐν δὲ αὐτῷ τῷ ναῷ τριήρους ἀνάκειται χαλκοῦν ἔμβολον·
Syntax is straightforward, but ἔμβολον with ἀνάκειται is slightly atypical; the accusative is treated as the verb's object/predicate complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | AdpType=Prep | 5 ναῷ | case | high | Preposition governing τῷ ναῷ. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G | _ | 7 ἀνάκειται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | Pp3d- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 5 ναῷ | det | medium | Likely intensive/demonstrative modifier of τῷ ναῷ. |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | Pd-s--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ναῷ | det | high | Article with ναῷ. |
| 5 | ναῷ | ναός | NOUN | Nb-sm--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀνάκειται | obl | high | Dative locative phrase with ἐν. |
| 6 | τριήρους | τριήρης | ADJ | A-gnsf- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἔμβολον | amod | medium | Possibly adjectival genitive modifying ἔμβολον, though form could also be substantival. |
| 7 | ἀνάκειται | ἀνάκειμαι | VERB | V-ppim3s | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 8 | χαλκοῦν | χάλκεος | ADJ | A-s---n | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἔμβολον | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of ἔμβολον. |
| 9 | ἔμβολον | ἔμβολον | NOUN | Nb-sn--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἀνάκειται | obj | high | Likely subject-like predicate with existential/intransitive ἀνάκειται; annotated as object for lack of copula. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἀνάκειται | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ταύτην τὴν ναῦν λαβεῖν φασι περὶ Σαλαμῖνα ναυμαχήσαντες πρὸς Ἀθηναίους·
Reported speech with an infinitival complement (λαβεῖν) and a circumstantial participle (ναυμαχήσαντες) plus two prepositional phrases.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταύτην | οὗτος | DET | PD--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 3 ναῦν | det | high | Demonstrative modifying ναῦν. |
| 2 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 ναῦν | det | high | Article modifying ναῦν. |
| 3 | ναῦν | ναῦς | NOUN | N--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 λαβεῖν | obj | high | Infinitival object of λαβεῖν. |
| 4 | λαβεῖν | λαμβάνω | VERB | V--AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 5 φασι | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of φασι. |
| 5 | φασι | φημί | VERB | V3PPAI- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of reported statement. |
| 6 | περὶ | περί | ADP | R-- | _ | 8 ναυμαχήσαντες | case | high | Introduces prepositional phrase modifying ναυμαχήσαντες. |
| 7 | Σαλαμῖνα | Σαλαμίς | PROPN | N-ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 περὶ | obl | high | Object of περί. |
| 8 | ναυμαχήσαντες | ναυμαχέω | VERB | V--AAP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 φασι | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying φασι. |
| 9 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-- | _ | 8 ναυμαχήσαντες | case | high | Introduces prepositional phrase modifying Ἀθηναίους. |
| 10 | Ἀθηναίους | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A-APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 πρὸς | obl | high | Object of πρός. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 φασι | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
ὁμολογοῦσι δὲ καὶ Ἀθηναῖοι χρόνον τινὰ Μεγαρεῦσιν ἀποστῆναι τῆς νήσου, Σόλωνα δὲ ὕστερόν φασιν ἐλεγεῖα ποιήσαντα προτρέψαι σφᾶς, καταστῆναι δὲ ἐπὶ τούτοις ἐς ἀμφισβήτησιν Ἀθηναῖοι, κρατήσαντες δὲ πολέμῳ Σαλαμῖνα αὖθις ἔχειν.
Multiple indirect-statement infinitives depend on φασιν, with participles (ποιήσαντα, κρατήσαντες) attached as circumstantial modifiers within the reported content.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁμολογοῦσι | ὁμολογέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of reported speech. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 1 ὁμολογοῦσι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 Ἀθηναῖοι | cc | high | Joins Ἀθηναῖοι to an implied subject. |
| 4 | Ἀθηναῖοι | Ἀθηναῖος | NOUN | N-P-M-P | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ὁμολογοῦσι | nsubj | high | Subject of ὁμολογοῦσι. |
| 5 | χρόνον | χρόνος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀποστῆναι | obj | high | Accusative of duration with ἀποστῆναι. |
| 6 | τινὰ | τις | DET | D-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 5 χρόνον | det | high | Indefinite modifier of χρόνον. |
| 7 | Μεγαρεῦσιν | Μεγαρεύς | PROPN | N-P-DM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἀποστῆναι | obl | high | Dative with verb of separation. |
| 8 | ἀποστῆναι | ἀφίστημι | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 15 φασιν | ccomp | high | Infinitive in indirect statement after φασιν. |
| 9 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 νήσου | det | high | Article with νήσου. |
| 10 | νήσου | νῆσος | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀποστῆναι | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἀποστῆναι. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ὁμολογοῦσι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 12 | Σόλωνα | Σόλων | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 φασιν | nsubj | high | Subject of infinitive in indirect statement. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 15 φασιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 14 | ὕστερόν | ὕστερον | ADV | D | _ | 15 φασιν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying φασιν. |
| 15 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 ὁμολογοῦσι | ccomp | high | Verb of reported speech. |
| 16 | ἐλεγεῖα | ἐλεγεῖον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 προτρέψαι | obj | high | Object of ποιήσαντα. |
| 17 | ποιήσαντα | ποιέω | VERB | V-AAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 Σόλωνα | advcl | medium | Aorist participle agreeing with Σόλωνα; temporally/causally linked. |
| 18 | προτρέψαι | προτρέπω | VERB | V-AAI | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 15 φασιν | ccomp | high | Infinitive coordinated in indirect discourse. |
| 19 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P-AP | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 18 προτρέψαι | obj | high | Object of προτρέψαι. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ὁμολογοῦσι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 21 | καταστῆναι | καθίστημι | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 15 φασιν | ccomp | high | Another infinitival clause in indirect statement. |
| 22 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 21 καταστῆναι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 23 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 26 ἀμφισβήτησιν | case | high | Preposition governing ἀμφισβήτησιν. |
| 24 | τούτοις | οὗτος | PRON | P-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Dem | 21 καταστῆναι | obl | high | Dative phrase with ἐπὶ. |
| 25 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 26 ἀμφισβήτησιν | case | high | Preposition governing ἀμφισβήτησιν. |
| 26 | ἀμφισβήτησιν | ἀμφισβήτησις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 καταστῆναι | obl | high | Directional/relational complement with ἐς. |
| 27 | Ἀθηναῖοι | Ἀθηναῖος | NOUN | N-NMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 καταστῆναι | nsubj | high | Subject of καταστῆναι. |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 καταστῆναι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 29 | κρατήσαντες | κρατέω | VERB | V-AAP-NMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 34 ἔχειν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying the subject of ἔχειν. |
| 30 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 29 κρατήσαντες | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 31 | πολέμῳ | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 κρατήσαντες | obl | high | Dative of means/instrument. |
| 32 | Σαλαμῖνα | Σαλαμίς | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 34 ἔχειν | obj | high | Object of ἔχειν. |
| 33 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | D | _ | 34 ἔχειν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἔχειν. |
| 34 | ἔχειν | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 1 ὁμολογοῦσι | ccomp | high | Final infinitival clause coordinated under ὁμολογοῦσι. |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ὁμολογοῦσι | punct | high | Punctuation. |