Grammar parses for passage 10.14.4
Open translation for this passage
ἐπὶ τούτῳ μὲν ἐς τοὺς ἀρνουμένους στερεῶς λέγεσθαι καθέστηκεν ὡς ὁ δεῖνα ὅστις δὴ Τενεδίῳ πελέκει τόδε τι ἀποκόψειεν.
The clause means that it has become firmly established to say of those denying this that the person in question, whoever he is, cut off this object with a Tenedian axe; the exact scope of ἐπὶ τούτῳ and the internal syntax of ὡς are somewhat idiomatic.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 2 τούτῳ | case | high | Preposition governing the dative τούτῳ. |
| 2 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | PRON | PD----DSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 9 καθέστηκεν | obl | medium | Dative with ἐπί; idiomatic reference to the foregoing matter. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G------ | _ | 9 καθέστηκεν | discourse | high | Correlative/contrastive particle. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 5 τοὺς | case | high | Preposition governing the accusative substantival participle phrase. |
| 5 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | PA---AMN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 ἀρνουμένους | det | high | Article substantivizing the participle. |
| 6 | ἀρνουμένους | ἀρνέομαι | VERB | VPP-AMM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 9 καθέστηκεν | obl | high | Substantival present middle participle, object of ἐς in idiomatic construction. |
| 7 | στερεῶς | στερεῶς | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Pos | 8 λέγεσθαι | advmod | high | Adverb modifying λέγεσθαι. |
| 8 | λέγεσθαι | λέγω | VERB | VNP-M--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 9 καθέστηκεν | xcomp | high | Present middle infinitive in the impersonal construction καθέστηκεν λέγεσθαι. |
| 9 | καθέστηκεν | καθίστημι | VERB | VRAI3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Perfect active, idiomatically ‘has become established/stands’. |
| 10 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 λέγεσθαι | mark | medium | Introduces the content clause dependent on λέγεσθαι. |
| 11 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | PA---NMN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 δεῖνα | det | high | Article with the substantivized indefinite δεῖνα. |
| 12 | δεῖνα | δεῖνα | PRON | PX----NMN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 19 ἀποκόψειεν | nsubj | medium | Indefinite person-name expression, subject of the optative. |
| 13 | ὅστις | ὅστις | PRON | PR----NMN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 12 δεῖνα | acl:relcl | high | Generalizing relative pronoun, ‘whoever he is’. |
| 14 | δὴ | δή | PART | G------ | _ | 13 ὅστις | discourse | high | Emphatic particle within the relative clause. |
| 15 | Τενεδίῳ | Τενέδος | PROPN | A--DSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Proper=Yes | 16 πελέκει | nmod | medium | Ethnic/geographical modifier of πελέκει, ‘Tenedian’. |
| 16 | πελέκει | πέλεκυς | NOUN | N--DSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἀποκόψειεν | obl | high | Instrumental dative, ‘with an axe’. |
| 17 | τόδε | ὅδε | PRON | PD----ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 19 ἀποκόψειεν | obj | high | Direct object of ἀποκόψειεν. |
| 18 | τι | τις | PART | G------ | _ | 17 τόδε | discourse | medium | Enclitic indefinite particle, giving τόδε an indefinite nuance (‘this something’). |
| 19 | ἀποκόψειεν | ἀποκόπτω | VERB | VAAO3S-- | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 13 ὅστις | acl:relcl | high | Aorist active optative in the relative clause; potential/oblique optative. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 καθέστηκεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
Τέννην μὲν ὑπὸ Ἀχιλλέως ἀποθανεῖν ἀμύνοντα τῇ οἰκείᾳ φασὶν Ἕλληνες·
Accusative Τέννην is the subject of the accusative–infinitive construction with φασίν; ἀποθανεῖν is coordinated semantically with the participle ἀμύνοντα, which modifies Τέννην. ὑπό + genitive marks Achilles as agent of the passive-like death expression.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Τέννην | Τέννης | PROPN | N----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀποθανεῖν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive in reported speech. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X---D---- | _ | 1 Τέννην | discourse | high | Correlative particle; its anticipated δέ is outside this sentence. |
| 3 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 4 Ἀχιλλέως | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive agent. |
| 4 | Ἀχιλλέως | Ἀχιλλεύς | PROPN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀποθανεῖν | obl:agent | high | Genitive agent with ὑπό. |
| 5 | ἀποθανεῖν | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V---ANA--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 9 φασὶν | ccomp | high | Aorist infinitive in the accusative–infinitive complement of φασίν. |
| 6 | ἀμύνοντα | ἀμύνω | VERB | V-PAPASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 Τέννην | acl | high | Accusative present participle agreeing with Τέννην; τῇ οἰκείᾳ is its dative object/complement. |
| 7 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 οἰκείᾳ | det | high | Article agreeing with οἰκείᾳ. |
| 8 | οἰκείᾳ | οἰκεῖος | ADJ | A--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἀμύνοντα | obl | high | Substantivized feminine dative, ‘his own [property/land]’; dependent on ἀμύνοντα. |
| 9 | φασὶν | φημί | VERB | V-PIA3P--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Matrix verb ‘they say’; subject is Ἕλληνες. |
| 10 | Ἕλληνες | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N---NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 φασὶν | nsubj | high | Explicit subject of φασίν. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 φασὶν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
Τενέδιοι δὲ ἀνὰ χρόνον ὑπὸ ἀσθενείας προσεχώρησαν τοῖς Ἀλεξάνδρειαν ἐν τῇ ἠπείρῳ τῇ Τρῳάδι ἔχουσιν.
The final dative phrase is structurally compressed: τοῖς ... ἔχουσιν denotes those possessing Alexandria on the Troad mainland; the accusative Ἀλεξάνδρειαν is treated as the participle's object.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Τενέδιοι | Τενέδιος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 προσεχώρησαν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 προσεχώρησαν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἀνὰ | ἀνά | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 χρόνον | case | high | |
| 4 | χρόνον | χρόνος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 προσεχώρησαν | obl | high | Temporal accusative with ἀνά. |
| 5 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 ἀσθενείας | case | high | |
| 6 | ἀσθενείας | ἀσθένεια | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 προσεχώρησαν | obl | high | Cause/source phrase. |
| 7 | προσεχώρησαν | προσχωρέω | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἔχουσιν | det | high | |
| 9 | Ἀλεξάνδρειαν | Ἀλεξάνδρεια | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἔχουσιν | obj | medium | Accusative place-name in the relative clause; syntactic relation is somewhat elliptical. |
| 10 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 12 ἠπείρῳ | case | high | |
| 11 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἠπείρῳ | det | high | |
| 12 | ἠπείρῳ | ἤπειρος | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἔχουσιν | obl | high | |
| 13 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 Τρῳάδι | det | high | |
| 14 | Τρῳάδι | Τρῳάς | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἠπείρῳ | appos | high | Appositional geographical specification of ἠπείρῳ. |
| 15 | ἔχουσιν | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 προσεχώρησαν | acl:relcl | medium | Dative present participle agreeing with τοῖς; relative/attributive force is implicit. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 προσεχώρησαν | punct | high |