Grammar parses for passage 10.15.3
Open translation for this passage
ἦ τότʼ ἀμειψάμενος στεινὸν πόρον Ἑλλησπόντου † αὐδήσει Γαλατῶν ὀλοὸς στρατός, οἵ ῥʼ ἀθεμίστως Ἀσίδα πορθήσουσι·
The future main verb αὐδήσει has singular στρατός as subject, while the relative οἵ and plural πορθήσουσι follow semantic agreement with the Galatians; token 7 is a textual obelus.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἦ | ἦ | PART | _ | _ | 8 αὐδήσει | discourse | medium | Interrogative/confirmatory particle; exact force is context-dependent. |
| 2 | τότʼ | τότε | ADV | _ | _ | 3 ἀμειψάμενος | advmod | high | Apocopated/elided form of τότε. |
| 3 | ἀμειψάμενος | ἀμείβω | VERB | V-PAI-AMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 8 αὐδήσει | advcl | high | Aorist middle participle, temporal/circumstantial. |
| 4 | στεινὸν | στενός | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 πόρον | amod | high | |
| 5 | πόρον | πόρος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἀμειψάμενος | obj | high | Object of ἀμειψάμενος. |
| 6 | Ἑλλησπόντου | Ἑλλήσποντος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 πόρον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on πόρον. |
| 7 | † | † | SYM | _ | _ | 8 αὐδήσει | dep | low | Obelus marking a corrupt or uncertain textual position. |
| 8 | αὐδήσει | αὐδάω | VERB | V-FAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Future|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | Γαλατῶν | Γαλάτης | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 στρατός | nmod | high | Genitive ethnic designation modifying στρατός. |
| 10 | ὀλοὸς | ὀλοός | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 στρατός | amod | high | |
| 11 | στρατός | στρατός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 αὐδήσει | nsubj | high | Subject of αὐδήσει. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 αὐδήσει | punct | high | |
| 13 | οἵ | ὅς | PRON | P-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 πορθήσουσι | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun referring to Γαλατῶν στρατός, with plural agreement by sense. |
| 14 | ῥʼ | ἄρα | PART | _ | _ | 17 πορθήσουσι | discourse | medium | Elided particle, probably ἄρα/ῥα; precise lexical analysis is uncertain. |
| 15 | ἀθεμίστως | ἀθέμιστος | ADV | _ | _ | 17 πορθήσουσι | advmod | high | Adverbial manner modifier. |
| 16 | Ἀσίδα | Ἀσίς | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 πορθήσουσι | obj | high | Object of πορθήσουσι. |
| 17 | πορθήσουσι | πορθέω | VERB | V-FAI-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Future|Voice=Active | 8 αὐδήσει | acl:relcl | high | Future verb of the relative clause. |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 αὐδήσει | punct | high |
θεὸς δʼ ἔτι κύντερα θήσει πάγχυ μάλʼ, οἳ ναίουσι παρʼ ἠϊόνεσσι θαλάσσης--- εἰς ὀλίγον·
The sentence is an ominous Homeric-style prediction: θεός is the subject of θήσει, with κύντερα as its object; οἳ ναίουσι is a relative clause modifying the implied people at the seashore, while the final εἰς ὀλίγον is an elliptical temporal limitation. The three hyphens are treated as punctuation/dash material.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | θεὸς | θεός | NOUN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 θήσει | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 θήσει | cc | high | Elided form. |
| 3 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 5 θήσει | advmod | high | |
| 4 | κύντερα | κύντερος | ADJ | A--APN- | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 θήσει | obj | medium | Comparative neuter plural used substantivally or elliptically. |
| 5 | θήσει | τίθημι | VERB | V-FIA3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | πάγχυ | πάγχυ | ADV | D-------- | _ | 5 θήσει | advmod | high | |
| 7 | μάλʼ | μάλα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 6 πάγχυ | advmod | high | Elided form; intensifies πάγχυ. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 θήσει | punct | high | |
| 9 | οἳ | ὅς | PRON | P--NM-P- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 10 ναίουσι | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | ναίουσι | ναίω | VERB | V-PIA3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 θήσει | acl:relcl | medium | Relative clause with an implicit antecedent/contextual nominal; semantically locative. |
| 11 | παρʼ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 ἠϊόνεσσι | case | high | Elided form; παρά with dative. |
| 12 | ἠϊόνεσσι | ἠιών | NOUN | N--DP-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 ναίουσι | obl | high | Epic dative plural. |
| 13 | θαλάσσης | θάλασσα | NOUN | N--GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἠϊόνεσσι | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἠϊόνεσσι. |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 θήσει | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 θήσει | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 θήσει | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 17 | εἰς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 ὀλίγον | case | high | |
| 18 | ὀλίγον | ὀλίγος | ADJ | A--ASM- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 θήσει | obl | medium | Elliptical temporal expression, likely ‘for a short while’; substantival adjective. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 θήσει | punct | high |
τάχα γάρ σφιν ἀοσσητῆρα Κρονίων ὁρμήσει, ταύροιο διοτρεφέος φίλον υἱόν, ὃς πᾶσιν Γαλάτῃσιν ὀλέθριον ἦμαρ ἐφήσει.
The sentence has an understood dative/recipient (σφιν) with ὁρμήσει and an appositional/accusative object phrase ταύροιο διοτρεφέος φίλον υἱόν; ὃς introduces a relative clause with ἦμαρ as subject and ὀλέθριον as predicate adjective. The exact force of ἀοσσητῆρα is somewhat uncertain, but it is an accusative singular agent/helper noun functioning as the object of ὁρμήσει.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τάχα | τάχα | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Pos | 6 ὁρμήσει | advmod | high | |
| 2 | γάρ | γάρ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 ὁρμήσει | cc | high | Postpositive explanatory conjunction. |
| 3 | σφιν | σφεῖς | PRON | Pp3---md3 | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 6 ὁρμήσει | iobj | medium | Epic/dialectal dative plural pronoun; recipient/beneficiary. |
| 4 | ἀοσσητῆρα | ἀοσσητήρ | NOUN | Nbmsay | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ὁρμήσει | obj | medium | Accusative singular; noun meaning helper/ally, with uncertain lexical segmentation. |
| 5 | Κρονίων | Κρονίων | PROPN | Npmsny | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ὁρμήσει | nsubj | high | Patronymic epithet, nominative subject. |
| 6 | ὁρμήσει | ὁρμάω | VERB | Vf3saia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ὁρμήσει | punct | high | |
| 8 | ταύροιο | ταῦρος | NOUN | Nbmsgy | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 υἱόν | nmod | high | Epic genitive, dependent on υἱόν. |
| 9 | διοτρεφέος | διοτρεφής | ADJ | Aamsgy | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ταύροιο | amod | high | Epic genitive adjective agreeing with ταύροιο. |
| 10 | φίλον | φίλος | ADJ | Aamsay | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 υἱόν | amod | high | Accusative adjective agreeing with υἱόν. |
| 11 | υἱόν | υἱός | NOUN | Ncmsay | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἀοσσητῆρα | appos | medium | Accusative noun phrase appositional to ἀοσσητῆρα, identifying the helper. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ὁρμήσει | punct | high | |
| 13 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | Pr----mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 18 ἐφήσει | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun, antecedent υἱόν. |
| 14 | πᾶσιν | πᾶς | ADJ | A-pmd---- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 Γαλάτῃσιν | det | high | Attributive/quantifying adjective agreeing with Γαλάτῃσιν. |
| 15 | Γαλάτῃσιν | Γαλάτης | PROPN | Npmdny | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ἐφήσει | iobj | high | Epic dative plural ethnonym, recipient/affected group. |
| 16 | ὀλέθριον | ὀλέθριος | ADJ | Aamsny | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἦμαρ | xcomp | medium | Predicate adjective with ἦμαρ; neuter form would be expected with neuter ἦμαρ, so transmitted/agreed morphology is uncertain. |
| 17 | ἦμαρ | ἦμαρ | NOUN | Nnsny | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἐφήσει | nsubj | high | Neuter nominative subject of ἐφήσει. |
| 18 | ἐφήσει | ἐφίημι | VERB | Vf3saa--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 6 ὁρμήσει | acl:relcl | high | Finite verb of the relative clause. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ὁρμήσει | punct | high |
παῖδα δὲ εἶπε ταύρου τὸν ἐν Περγάμῳ βασιλεύσαντα Ἄτταλον·
Infinitive εἶπε takes παῖδα as its accusative object/predicate and Ἄτταλον as the accusative subject of the infinitival clause; τὸν ... βασιλεύσαντα modifies Ἄτταλον. ταύρου is genitive dependent on παῖδα, with the precise semantic relation somewhat context-dependent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 εἶπε | obj | high | Accusative object/predicate of εἶπε in reported infinitival construction. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 3 εἶπε | cc | high | |
| 3 | εἶπε | λέγω | VERB | v3saia--- | Aspect=Aor|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist form of εἶπον, lemma normalized to λέγω. |
| 4 | ταύρου | ταῦρος | NOUN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 παῖδα | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on παῖδα; exact semantic relation depends on context. |
| 5 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | l-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 βασιλεύσαντα | det | high | |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | r-------- | _ | 7 Περγάμῳ | case | high | |
| 7 | Περγάμῳ | Πέργαμος | PROPN | n-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 βασιλεύσαντα | obl | high | Dative governed by ἐν; locative proper name. |
| 8 | βασιλεύσαντα | βασιλεύω | VERB | v-sapama- | Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 Ἄτταλον | acl | medium | Accusative masculine singular participle modifying Ἄτταλον; form may be parsed as aorist in some analyses, though the written form is βασιλεύσαντα. |
| 9 | Ἄτταλον | Ἄτταλος | PROPN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 εἶπε | csubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitival/report construction, with τὸν ... βασιλεύσαντα as modifier. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 εἶπε | punct | high |
τὸν δὲ αὐτὸν τοῦτον καὶ ταυρόκερων προσείρηκε χρηστήριον.
The object phrase τὸν ... ταυρόκερων χρηστήριον is accusative; προσείρηκε is perfect active 3sg, with an understood subject and the accusative phrase as its object/predicative designation. ταυρόκερων is an indeclinable or fossilized compound adjective/noun used substantivally; analysis is uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ταυρόκερων | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 προσείρηκε | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 4 τοῦτον | amod | medium | Intensifying or demonstrative use within the noun phrase. |
| 4 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | DET | D-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 6 ταυρόκερων | det | high | |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 ταυρόκερων | cc | high | |
| 6 | ταυρόκερων | ταυρόκερως | ADJ | A-SAN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 χρηστήριον | amod | low | Form is morphologically ambiguous/fossilized; treated here as an indeclinable or neuter accusative compound adjective substantivized or modifying χρηστήριον. |
| 7 | προσείρηκε | προσερῶ | VERB | V-RAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect of προσ-εἴρω/προσερῶ, ‘has called/designated’. |
| 8 | χρηστήριον | χρηστήριος | ADJ | A-SAN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 προσείρηκε | obj | medium | Substantivized adjective, ‘oracle/oracular designation’; the preceding accusative phrase is coordinated or appositional to it. |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 προσείρηκε | punct | high |