Grammar parses for passage 10.21.6
Open translation for this passage
τοῦτο μὲν δὴ ἐπεγέγραπτο πρὶν ἢ τοὺς ὁμοῦ Σύλλᾳ καὶ ἄλλα τῶν Ἀθήνῃσι καὶ τὰς ἐν τῇ στοᾷ τοῦ Ἐλευθερίου Διὸς καθελεῖν ἀσπίδας·
The main difficulty is the temporal construction πρὶν ἤ + infinitive, and the internal attachment of the coordinated accusative phrases before καθελεῖν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 4 ἐπεγέγραπτο | nsubj | high | Subject of the pluperfect passive-like form. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Gf | _ | 4 ἐπεγέγραπτο | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | Gf | _ | 4 ἐπεγέγραπτο | discourse | high | Enclitic discourse particle. |
| 4 | ἐπεγέγραπτο | ἐπιγράφω | VERB | V-rpi3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Plup|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 5 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | Cs | _ | 4 ἐπεγέγραπτο | mark | high | Introduces temporal clause. |
| 6 | ἢ | ἤ | SCONJ | Cc | _ | 5 πρὶν | fixed | medium | Part of the comparative-temporal construction πρὶν ἤ. |
| 7 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | At-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 22 καθελεῖν | obj | medium | Article with the infinitival object phrase; attachment somewhat uncertain. |
| 8 | ὁμοῦ | ὁμοῦ | ADV | D | _ | 22 καθελεῖν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the infinitive phrase. |
| 9 | Σύλλᾳ | Σύλλας | PROPN | Np-DSm | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ὁμοῦ | obl | medium | Dative with ὁμοῦ, indicating accompaniment. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 11 ἄλλα | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 11 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 22 καθελεῖν | obj | high | Second coordinated accusative object of the infinitive. |
| 12 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | At-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 11 ἄλλα | det | high | Article with the genitive modifier. |
| 13 | Ἀθήνῃσι | Ἀθήνησι | PROPN | Np | _ | 12 τῶν | nmod | medium | Adverbial locative used substantively; morphology uncertain. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 15 τὰς | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 15 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | At-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 23 ἀσπίδας | det | high | Article with ἀσπίδας. |
| 16 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 18 στοᾷ | case | high | Preposition governing the locative phrase. |
| 17 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | At-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 στοᾷ | det | high | Article with στοᾷ. |
| 18 | στοᾷ | στοά | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 ἀσπίδας | nmod | high | Locative phrase modifying ἀσπίδας. |
| 19 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | At-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 Διὸς | det | high | Article with Διός. |
| 20 | Ἐλευθερίου | Ἐλευθέριος | ADJ | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 Διὸς | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying Zeus. |
| 21 | Διὸς | Ζεύς | PROPN | Np-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 στοᾷ | nmod | high | Genitive modifier in the prepositional phrase. |
| 22 | καθελεῖν | καθαιρέω | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 5 πρὶν | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of πρίν ἤ. |
| 23 | ἀσπίδας | ἀσπίς | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 22 καθελεῖν | obj | high | Direct object of the infinitive. |
| 24 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐπεγέγραπτο | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
τότε δὲ ἐν ταῖς Θερμοπύλαις οἱ μὲν Ἕλληνες μετὰ τὴν μάχην τούς τε αὑτῶν ἔθαπτον καὶ ἐσκύλευον τοὺς βαρβάρους, οἱ Γαλάται δὲ οὔτε ὑπὲρ ἀναιρέσεως τῶν νεκρῶν ἐπεκηρυκεύοντο ἐποιοῦντό τε ἐπʼ ἴσης γῆς σφᾶς τυχεῖν ἢ θηρία τε αὐτῶν ἐμφορηθῆναι καὶ ὅσον τεθνεῶσι πολέμιόν ἐστιν ὀρνίθων.
The middle section is syntactically elliptical; ὅσον τεθνεῶσι πολέμιόν ἐστιν ὀρνίθων is especially difficult, with case relations partly uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τότε | τότε | ADV | _ | _ | 15 ἔθαπτον | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 15 ἔθαπτον | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 5 Θερμοπύλαις | case | high | Preposition governing locative. |
| 4 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 Θερμοπύλαις | det | high | Article. |
| 5 | Θερμοπύλαις | Θερμοπύλαι | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 ἔθαπτον | obl | high | Locative object of ἐν. |
| 6 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 Ἕλληνες | det | high | Article. |
| 7 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 6 οἱ | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 8 | Ἕλληνες | Ἕλλην | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἔθαπτον | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔθαπτον/ἐσκύλευον. |
| 9 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | _ | _ | 11 μάχην | case | high | Preposition with accusative. |
| 10 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 μάχην | det | high | Article. |
| 11 | μάχην | μάχη | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἔθαπτον | obl | high | Prepositional phrase complement. |
| 12 | τούς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 ἔθαπτον | obj | medium | Correlates with τε and likely object of ἔθαπτον. |
| 13 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 12 τούς | discourse | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 14 | αὑτῶν | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 12 τούς | det | medium | Reflexive possessive/genitive modifying τούς. |
| 15 | ἔθαπτον | θάπτω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | First finite verb of the first clause. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 17 ἐσκύλευον | cc | high | Coordination. |
| 17 | ἐσκύλευον | σκυλεύω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 15 ἔθαπτον | conj | high | Conjoined verb with same subject. |
| 18 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 βαρβάρους | det | high | Article. |
| 19 | βαρβάρους | βάρβαρος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ἐσκύλευον | obj | high | Object of ἐσκύλευον. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἔθαπτον | punct | high | Comma. |
| 21 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 22 Γαλάται | det | high | Article. |
| 22 | Γαλάται | Γαλάτης | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 ἐπεκηρυκεύοντο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐπεκηρυκεύοντο. |
| 23 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 29 ἐπεκηρυκεύοντο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 24 | οὔτε | οὔτε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 29 ἐπεκηρυκεύοντο | cc | high | Correlative coordinating conjunction. |
| 25 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | _ | _ | 26 ἀναιρέσεως | case | high | Preposition with genitive. |
| 26 | ἀναιρέσεως | ἀναίρεσις | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 ἐπεκηρυκεύοντο | obl | high | Prepositional complement. |
| 27 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 28 νεκρῶν | det | high | Article. |
| 28 | νεκρῶν | νεκρός | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 26 ἀναιρέσεως | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἀναιρέσεως. |
| 29 | ἐπεκηρυκεύοντο | ἐπεκηρυκεύομαι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the second clause. |
| 30 | ἐποιοῦντό | ποιέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 29 ἐπεκηρυκεύοντο | conj | high | Coordinated imperfect middle. |
| 31 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 30 ἐποιοῦντό | discourse | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 32 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 34 γῆς | case | high | Preposition. |
| 33 | ἴσης | ἴσος | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 34 γῆς | amod | medium | Likely modifying γῆς in the phrase ἐπʼ ἴσης γῆς. |
| 34 | γῆς | γῆ | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 ἐποιοῦντό | obl | high | Oblique phrase with ἐπί. |
| 35 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 36 τυχεῖν | obj | medium | Likely object of τυχεῖν; form can be enclitic/poetic. |
| 36 | τυχεῖν | τυγχάνω | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 30 ἐποιοῦντό | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive. |
| 37 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 41 ἐμφορηθῆναι | cc | high | Disjunctive coordination. |
| 38 | θηρία | θηρίον | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 41 ἐμφορηθῆναι | nsubj:pass | medium | Possible subject of ἐμφορηθῆναι, though syntax is elliptical. |
| 39 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 38 θηρία | discourse | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 40 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 41 ἐμφορηθῆναι | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἐμφορηθῆναι. |
| 41 | ἐμφορηθῆναι | ἐμφορέομαι | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 30 ἐποιοῦντό | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive in coordinated purpose/result phrase. |
| 42 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 46 ἐστιν | cc | high | Coordination. |
| 43 | ὅσον | ὅσος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 46 ἐστιν | obl | medium | Adverbial/accusative of extent; syntax somewhat uncertain. |
| 44 | τεθνεῶσι | θνῄσκω | VERB | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 47 ὀρνίθων | acl | high | Participle modifying ὀρνίθων. |
| 45 | πολέμιόν | πολέμιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 46 ἐστιν | nsubj | medium | Predicative/nominative neuter singular with ἐστιν. |
| 46 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root of final clause. |
| 47 | ὀρνίθων | ὄρνις | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 46 ἐστιν | nsubj | medium | Likely partitive/genitive with πολέμιον ἐστιν; punctuation-free syntax is difficult. |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 46 ἐστιν | punct | high | Full stop. |