Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 10.21.6

← 10.21.5 10.21.7 →

Passage 10.21.6

Open translation for this passage

2sentences parsed

72Greek tokens

1,906input tokens

5,192output tokens

Sentence 1

10.21.6 sentence 1

Tokens: 24
Input: 810
Output: 1,693
Total: 2,503

τοῦτο μὲν δὴ ἐπεγέγραπτο πρὶν ἢ τοὺς ὁμοῦ Σύλλᾳ καὶ ἄλλα τῶν Ἀθήνῃσι καὶ τὰς ἐν τῇ στοᾷ τοῦ Ἐλευθερίου Διὸς καθελεῖν ἀσπίδας·

The inscription had been written before the shields and other objects were taken down; πρὶν ἢ introduces an infinitival temporal clause, with τοὺς ... ἀσπίδας as the coordinated accusative objects of καθελεῖν. The form ἄλλα is substantivized and its precise coordination is somewhat compressed.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τοῦτο	οὗτος	PRON	PDNSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	4 ἐπεγέγραπτο	nsubj	high
2	μὲν	μέν	PART	X	_	4 ἐπεγέγραπτο	discourse	high
3	δὴ	δή	PART	X	_	4 ἐπεγέγραπτο	discourse	high
4	ἐπεγέγραπτο	ἐπιγράφω	VERB	V3SIAI	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pluperf\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high
5	πρὶν	πρίν	SCONJ	X	_	22 καθελεῖν	mark	high	Temporal subordinator in πρὶν ἢ construction.
6	ἢ	ἤ	CCONJ	X	_	5 πρὶν	fixed	high	Part of the temporal expression πρὶν ἢ.
7	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	T--PAM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	22 καθελεῖν	obj	high	Article substantively used with an understood masculine noun, coordinated with ἀσπίδας.
8	ὁμοῦ	ὁμοῦ	ADV	D	_	9 Σύλλᾳ	advmod	high	Together with Σύλλᾳ.
9	Σύλλᾳ	Σύλλας	PROPN	NE--DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	22 καθελεῖν	obl	high	Dative with ὁμοῦ.
10	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	X	_	11 ἄλλα	cc	high
11	ἄλλα	ἄλλος	ADJ	A--PAN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	22 καθελεῖν	obj	medium	Substantivized neuter plural; coordination with τοὺς ... ἀσπίδας is compressed.
12	τῶν	ὁ	DET	T--PGN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	11 ἄλλα	det	high
13	Ἀθήνῃσι	Ἀθῆναι	PROPN	NE--PDN	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	12 τῶν	nmod	high	Locative dative: in/at Athens; associated with the following genitive phrase.
14	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	X	_	15 τὰς	cc	high
15	τὰς	ὁ	DET	T--PAF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	22 καθελεῖν	obj	high	Article substantively used with ἀσπίδας.
16	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R	_	18 στοᾷ	case	high
17	τῇ	ὁ	DET	T--DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	18 στοᾷ	det	high
18	στοᾷ	στοά	NOUN	N--DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	15 τὰς	nmod	high
19	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T--GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	21 Διὸς	det	high
20	Ἐλευθερίου	Ἐλευθέριος	ADJ	A--GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	21 Διὸς	amod	high
21	Διὸς	Ζεύς	PROPN	N--GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	18 στοᾷ	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on στοά: the Stoa of Olympian/Eleutherian Zeus.
22	καθελεῖν	καθαιρέω	VERB	V--AAN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	4 ἐπεγέγραπτο	advcl	high	Infinitive in temporal clause after πρὶν ἢ.
23	ἀσπίδας	ἀσπίς	NOUN	N--PAF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	22 καθελεῖν	obj	high	Coordinated with the substantivized accusative articles/objects.
24	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	4 ἐπεγέγραπτο	punct	high

Sentence 2

10.21.6 sentence 2

Tokens: 48
Input: 1,096
Output: 3,499
Total: 4,595

τότε δὲ ἐν ταῖς Θερμοπύλαις οἱ μὲν Ἕλληνες μετὰ τὴν μάχην τούς τε αὑτῶν ἔθαπτον καὶ ἐσκύλευον τοὺς βαρβάρους, οἱ Γαλάται δὲ οὔτε ὑπὲρ ἀναιρέσεως τῶν νεκρῶν ἐπεκηρυκεύοντο ἐποιοῦντό τε ἐπʼ ἴσης γῆς σφᾶς τυχεῖν ἢ θηρία τε αὐτῶν ἐμφορηθῆναι καὶ ὅσον τεθνεῶσι πολέμιόν ἐστιν ὀρνίθων.

The second coordination describes the Galatians' refusal to negotiate burial and their making the dead equally subject to earth or to animals and birds; ἐποιοῦντό governs coordinated infinitives τυχεῖν and ἐμφορηθῆναι, while ὅσον τεθνεῶσι πολέμιόν ἐστιν ὀρνίθων is an elliptical relative-like qualification of θηρία, with τεθνεῶσι likely dative plural ‘to the dead’.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τότε	τότε	ADV	D-Adverb	PronType=Dem	15 ἔθαπτον	advmod	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	23 δὲ	cc	high
3	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	_	5 Θερμοπύλαις	case	high
4	ταῖς	ὁ	DET	T----DFP-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	5 Θερμοπύλαις	det	high
5	Θερμοπύλαις	Θερμοπύλαι	PROPN	N----DFP-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	15 ἔθαπτον	obl	high
6	οἱ	ὁ	DET	T----NPM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	8 Ἕλληνες	det	high
7	μὲν	μέν	PART	PART	_	8 Ἕλληνες	discourse	high
8	Ἕλληνες	Ἕλλην	PROPN	N----NPM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	15 ἔθαπτον	nsubj	high
9	μετὰ	μετά	ADP	PREP	_	11 μάχην	case	high
10	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T----ASF-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	11 μάχην	det	high
11	μάχην	μάχη	NOUN	N----ASF-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	15 ἔθαπτον	obl	high
12	τούς	ὁ	DET	T----APM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	15 ἔθαπτον	obj	high	Substantival article, coordinated with τοὺς βαρβάρους.
13	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	15 ἔθαπτον	cc	high
14	αὑτῶν	ἑαυτοῦ	PRON	P----GPM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|PronType=Rcp	12 τούς	nmod	high
15	ἔθαπτον	θάπτω	VERB	V-IAI-3P-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Impft\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
16	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	17 ἐσκύλευον	cc	high
17	ἐσκύλευον	σκυλεύω	VERB	V-IAI-3P-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Impft\|Voice=Act	15 ἔθαπτον	conj	high
18	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	T----APM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	19 βαρβάρους	det	high
19	βαρβάρους	βάρβαρος	ADJ	A----APM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	17 ἐσκύλευον	obj	high	Substantivized adjective.
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	15 ἔθαπτον	punct	high
21	οἱ	ὁ	DET	T----NPM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	22 Γαλάται	det	high
22	Γαλάται	Γαλάτης	PROPN	N----NPM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	29 ἐπεκηρυκεύοντο	nsubj	high
23	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	29 ἐπεκηρυκεύοντο	cc	high
24	οὔτε	οὔτε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	29 ἐπεκηρυκεύοντο	cc	high
25	ὑπὲρ	ὑπέρ	ADP	PREP	_	26 ἀναιρέσεως	case	high
26	ἀναιρέσεως	ἀναίρεσις	NOUN	N----GFS-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	29 ἐπεκηρυκεύοντο	obl	high	Purpose-related genitive with ὑπέρ.
27	τῶν	ὁ	DET	T----GPM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	28 νεκρῶν	det	high
28	νεκρῶν	νεκρός	ADJ	A----GPM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	26 ἀναιρέσεως	nmod	high	Substantivized adjective.
29	ἐπεκηρυκεύοντο	ἐπικηρυκεύομαι	VERB	V-IMI-3P-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Impft\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Coordinated finite predicate; οὔτε begins its negation.
30	ἐποιοῦντό	ποιέω	VERB	V-IMI-3P-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Impft\|Voice=Mid	29 ἐπεκηρυκεύοντο	conj	high	Introduces coordinated infinitival complements.
31	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	30 ἐποιοῦντό	cc	high
32	ἐπʼ	ἐπί	ADP	PREP	_	34 γῆς	case	high	Elided form of ἐπί.
33	ἴσης	ἴσος	ADJ	A----GFS-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	34 γῆς	amod	high
34	γῆς	γῆ	NOUN	N----GFS-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	36 τυχεῖν	obl	medium	ἐπὶ ἴσης γῆς: ‘on equal ground’; attached semantically to τυχεῖν.
35	σφᾶς	σφεῖς	PRON	P----AP--	Case=Acc\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	36 τυχεῖν	obj	high	Accusative subject of infinitive.
36	τυχεῖν	τυγχάνω	VERB	V-2AAI--	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	30 ἐποιοῦντό	xcomp	high
37	ἢ	ἤ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	41 ἐμφορηθῆναι	cc	high	Coordinates the alternative infinitive.
38	θηρία	θηρίον	NOUN	N----NPN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	41 ἐμφορηθῆναι	nsubj	medium	Likely nominative subject of passive ἐμφορηθῆναι; an accusative reading is syntactically possible only with a different analysis.
39	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	38 θηρία	cc	medium	Correlative/continuative τε.
40	αὐτῶν	αὐτός	PRON	P----GPM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	38 θηρία	nmod	high	Genitive of possession/partitive reference.
41	ἐμφορηθῆναι	ἐμφορέω	VERB	V-APP---	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Pass	30 ἐποιοῦντό	xcomp	medium	Passive infinitive; θηρία is analyzed as its nominative subject.
42	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	45 πολέμιόν	cc	medium	Coordinates the following predicative clause with the preceding alternative.
43	ὅσον	ὅσος	PRON	P----ASN-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Rel	45 πολέμιόν	obj	low	Elliptical/idiomatic construction; exact attachment uncertain.
44	τεθνεῶσι	θνῄσκω	VERB	V-RAI-3P-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Perf\|Voice=Act	45 πολέμιόν	advcl	low	Form may be read as perfect indicative ‘they are dead’; the intended relation to ὅσον is elliptical.
45	πολέμιόν	πολέμιος	ADJ	A----NSN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	46 ἐστιν	nsubj	medium	Predicative neuter, probably ‘hostile/enemy’.
46	ἐστιν	εἰμί	AUX	V-PAI-3S-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	30 ἐποιοῦντό	conj	medium	Elliptical clause coordinated after καί; exact predicate relation is uncertain.
47	ὀρνίθων	ὄρνις	NOUN	N----GPM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	45 πολέμιόν	nmod	medium	Genitive dependent on πολέμιόν, likely ‘hostile to birds’.
48	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	29 ἐπεκηρυκεύοντο	punct	high

← 10.21.5 10.21.7 →