Grammar parses for passage 10.22.12
Open translation for this passage
ἔνθα δὴ οἱ ἐπὶ τῶν τριήρων Ἀθηναῖοι φθάνουσιν ὑπεξαγαγόντες ἐκ τῶν Θερμοπυλῶν τὸ Ἑλληνικόν.
The participle ὑπεξαγαγόντες is coordinated in subject with οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι and governs τὸ Ἑλληνικόν as its object; ἔνθα is a locative adverbial with φθάνουσιν. The article οἱ substantivizes the participial/nominal subject phrase, while ἐπὶ τῶν τριήρων is an attributive prepositional phrase modifying Ἀθηναῖοι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔνθα | ἔνθα | ADV | D-------- | PronType=Rel | 8 φθάνουσιν | advmod | high | Locative adverb, introducing the setting. |
| 2 | δὴ | δή | PART | G-------- | _ | 8 φθάνουσιν | discourse | high | Emphatic/discourse particle. |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | P-----NM-P | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 Ἀθηναῖοι | det | high | Article with substantival subject phrase. |
| 4 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 τριήρων | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 5 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | P---G-F-P | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 τριήρων | det | high | Article agreeing with τριήρων. |
| 6 | τριήρων | τριήρης | NOUN | N---G-F-P | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 Ἀθηναῖοι | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἐπί, in an attributive phrase for the Athenians. |
| 7 | Ἀθηναῖοι | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A-----NM-P | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 φθάνουσιν | nsubj | high | Plural nominative subject of φθάνουσιν. |
| 8 | φθάνουσιν | φθάνω | VERB | V3PIAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main predicate. |
| 9 | ὑπεξαγαγόντες | ὑπεξάγω | VERB | V-AAP-NM-P | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 φθάνουσιν | advcl | high | Aorist active participle, contemporaneous/prior circumstance with shared subject. |
| 10 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 Θερμοπυλῶν | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 11 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | P---G-F-P | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 Θερμοπυλῶν | det | high | Article agreeing with Θερμοπυλῶν. |
| 12 | Θερμοπυλῶν | Θερμοπύλαι | PROPN | N---G-F-P | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 ὑπεξαγαγόντες | obl | high | Genitive source complement of ὑπεξαγαγόντες via ἐκ. |
| 13 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | P---A-N-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 Ἑλληνικόν | det | high | Article substantivizing the neuter adjective. |
| 14 | Ἑλληνικόν | Ἑλληνικός | ADJ | A-----AN-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ὑπεξαγαγόντες | obj | high | Substantivized neuter adjective, object of ὑπεξαγαγόντες. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 φθάνουσιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
καὶ οἱ μὲν κατὰ τὰς πατρίδας ἕκαστοι τὰς αὑτῶν ἐσκεδάσθησαν.
The subject is οἱ ... ἕκαστοι, with μὲν marking a contrastive first member; κατὰ τὰς πατρίδας is distributive/locative, and τὰς αὑτῶν is the accusative plural feminine object of ἐσκεδάσθησαν, understood as possessions or groups/people. The reflexive genitive is locally dependent on the article-noun phrase; exact ellipsis is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ἐσκεδάσθησαν | cc | high | |
| 2 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-N---MP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἕκαστοι | det | high | Article substantivizes or accompanies ἕκαστοι. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X----DS- | _ | 10 ἐσκεδάσθησαν | discourse | high | Correlative/contrastive particle; corresponding δέ is outside this sentence. |
| 4 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | P | _ | 6 πατρίδας | case | high | |
| 5 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-AF-PA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 πατρίδας | det | high | |
| 6 | πατρίδας | πατρίς | NOUN | N-AF-PA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 ἕκαστοι | obl | medium | κατά + accusative is distributive (‘by/in their respective homelands’). |
| 7 | ἕκαστοι | ἕκαστος | PRON | A-NMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἐσκεδάσθησαν | nsubj | high | Predicative/distributive subject with the substantivizing article οἱ. |
| 8 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-AF-PA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 αὑτῶν | det | medium | Article with an elided or contextually recoverable feminine noun. |
| 9 | αὑτῶν | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P-GM3P | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 8 τὰς | nmod:poss | medium | Reflexive possessive genitive; agrees semantically with the plural subject, while gender is morphologically syncretic. |
| 10 | ἐσκεδάσθησαν | σκεδάννυμι | VERB | V-AIP-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist passive, ‘were scattered/dispersed’; τὰς αὑτῶν is treated as its accusative object despite likely ellipsis/contextual nominal recovery. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐσκεδάσθησαν | punct | high |
ὁ δὲ Βρέννος οὐδένα ἔτι ἐπισχὼν χρόνον, πρὶν ἢ τοὺς ἀπὸ τοῦ στρατοπέδου τοῦ σὺν τῷ Ἀκιχωρίῳ παραγενέσθαι, τὴν ὁδὸν ἐποιεῖτο ἐπὶ τοὺς Δελφούς.
Main clause: Βρέννος ἐποιεῖτο τὴν ὁδὸν ἐπὶ τοὺς Δελφούς, interrupted by the participial duration phrase and the temporal πρὶν ἢ + accusative-and-infinitive clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | P---NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 Βρέννος | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 23 ἐποιεῖτο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Βρέννος | Βρέννος | PROPN | proper-noun | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 ἐποιεῖτο | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | οὐδένα | οὐδείς | PRON | P---ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 7 χρόνον | amod | medium | With χρόνον, forming ‘no time at all’; often analyzable as an adjective-like determiner. |
| 5 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | -------- | _ | 6 ἐπισχὼν | advmod | high | |
| 6 | ἐπισχὼν | ἐπέχω | VERB | V-AAP-NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 23 ἐποιεῖτο | advcl | high | Concessive/temporal participle: ‘having delayed/paused’. |
| 7 | χρόνον | χρόνος | NOUN | N---ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἐπισχὼν | obj | high | Accusative of duration with ἐπισχών. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐπισχὼν | punct | high | |
| 9 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | -------- | _ | 19 παραγενέσθαι | mark | high | Temporal subordinating conjunction. |
| 10 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 9 πρὶν | fixed | medium | Part of the construction πρὶν ἢ ‘before’; treated as fixed. |
| 11 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | P---APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 παραγενέσθαι | det | high | |
| 12 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 14 στρατοπέδου | case | high | |
| 13 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | P---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 στρατοπέδου | det | high | Article agrees with neuter στρατοπέδου. |
| 14 | στρατοπέδου | στρατόπεδον | NOUN | N---GSN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 τοὺς | nmod | high | ἀπὸ τοῦ στρατοπέδου modifies the substantivized τοὺς. |
| 15 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | P---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 Ἀκιχωρίῳ | det | high | Article with Ἀκιχωρίῳ. |
| 16 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 Ἀκιχωρίῳ | case | high | |
| 17 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | P---DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 Ἀκιχωρίῳ | det | high | |
| 18 | Ἀκιχωρίῳ | Ἀκιχώριος | PROPN | proper-noun | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 στρατοπέδου | nmod | high | σὺν τῷ Ἀκιχωρίῳ specifies the camp associated with Aκιχώριος. |
| 19 | παραγενέσθαι | παραγίγνομαι | VERB | V-AAN- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 23 ἐποιεῖτο | advcl | high | Accusative-and-infinitive temporal clause after πρὶν ἤ; τοὺς is the accusative subject. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 παραγενέσθαι | punct | high | |
| 21 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | P---ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 22 ὁδὸν | det | high | |
| 22 | ὁδὸν | ὁδός | NOUN | N---ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 ἐποιεῖτο | obj | high | |
| 23 | ἐποιεῖτο | ποιέω | VERB | V-IMI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Middle idiom ὁδὸν ποιεῖσθαι: ‘to make/take one’s way’. |
| 24 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 26 Δελφούς | case | high | With accusative, directional ‘toward’. |
| 25 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | P---APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 26 Δελφούς | det | high | |
| 26 | Δελφούς | Δελφοί | PROPN | proper-noun | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 ἐποιεῖτο | obl | high | Directional complement of ἐποιεῖτο. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 ἐποιεῖτο | punct | high |
οἱ δὲ καταφεύγουσιν ὑπὸ δείματος ἐπὶ τὸ χρηστήριον· καὶ ὁ θεὸς σφᾶς οὐκ εἴα φοβεῖσθαι, φυλάξειν δὲ αὐτὸς ἐπηγγέλλετο τὰ ἑαυτοῦ.
The second clause contains εἴα + complementary infinitive φοβεῖσθαι and a coordinated/paratactic ἐπηγγέλλετο + φυλάξειν construction; τὰ ἑαυτοῦ is the object of φυλάξειν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 καταφεύγουσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 καταφεύγουσιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καταφεύγουσιν | καταφεύγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 δείματος | case | high | |
| 5 | δείματος | δεῖμα | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 καταφεύγουσιν | obl | high | Cause/source with ὑπό. |
| 6 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 χρηστήριον | case | high | |
| 7 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA-NSN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 χρηστήριον | det | high | |
| 8 | χρηστήριον | χρηστήριον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 καταφεύγουσιν | obl | high | Destination with ἐπί. |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 καταφεύγουσιν | punct | high | |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 ἐπηγγέλλετο | cc | high | Coordinates the following clause. |
| 11 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 θεὸς | det | high | |
| 12 | θεὸς | θεός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἐπηγγέλλετο | nsubj | high | |
| 13 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | RP-AP | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 15 εἴα | obj | high | |
| 14 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | NEG | Polarity=Neg | 15 εἴα | advmod | high | |
| 15 | εἴα | ἐάω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 21 ἐπηγγέλλετο | conj | high | First coordinated predicate under θεός. |
| 16 | φοβεῖσθαι | φοβέω | VERB | V-PNM | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 15 εἴα | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 εἴα | punct | high | |
| 18 | φυλάξειν | φυλάσσω | VERB | V-FAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 21 ἐπηγγέλλετο | xcomp | medium | Infinitive complementary to ἐπηγγέλλετο; understood subject is θεός. |
| 19 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 ἐπηγγέλλετο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 20 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | RD-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 21 ἐπηγγέλλετο | nsubj | high | Emphatic subject of ἐπηγγέλλετο. |
| 21 | ἐπηγγέλλετο | ἐπαγγέλλω | VERB | V-IMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 3 καταφεύγουσιν | parataxis | high | Main predicate of the second clause; coordinated/paratactic after the semicolon. |
| 22 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | RA-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 23 ἑαυτοῦ | det | high | |
| 23 | ἑαυτοῦ | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | RF-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Reflex=Yes | 18 φυλάξειν | obj | medium | Substantivized possessive phrase, ‘his own things’; τὰ agrees with the understood neuter plural substantive. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 ἐπηγγέλλετο | punct | high |