Grammar parses for passage 10.33.2
Open translation for this passage
κακῶν δὲ ἀπέλαυσαν μὲν ἀνιάτων καὶ ἄλλαι πόλεις διʼ ἀδικίαν ἐπιχωρίων ἀνδρῶν·
The sentence has a partitive genitive κακῶν dependent on ἀπέλαυσαν; ἀνιάτων modifies an understood κακῶν, while διʼ ἀδικίαν ἐπιχωρίων ἀνδρῶν gives the cause. μὲν anticipates an implicit contrast.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κακῶν | κακός | ADJ | A-p---ng- | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 ἀπέλαυσαν | obl | high | Substantivized neuter plural genitive, partitive with ἀπέλαυσαν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 3 ἀπέλαυσαν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀπέλαυσαν | ἀπολαύω | VERB | V3PAAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite predicate; subject is ἄλλαι πόλεις. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 3 ἀπέλαυσαν | discourse | high | Correlative particle, with contrast left implicit. |
| 5 | ἀνιάτων | ἀνίατος | ADJ | A-p---ng- | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 κακῶν | amod | medium | Neuter plural genitive modifying understood or omitted κακῶν. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ἄλλαι | cc | high | Coordinates ἄλλαι πόλεις with preceding implicit/previously mentioned cities. |
| 7 | ἄλλαι | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-p---fn- | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 πόλεις | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying πόλεις. |
| 8 | πόλεις | πόλις | NOUN | N-p---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 3 ἀπέλαυσαν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀπέλαυσαν. |
| 9 | διʼ | διά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 ἀδικίαν | case | high | Elided form of διά governing the accusative. |
| 10 | ἀδικίαν | ἀδικία | NOUN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἀπέλαυσαν | obl | high | Causal prepositional complement: διά + accusative. |
| 11 | ἐπιχωρίων | ἐπιχώριος | ADJ | A-p---gm- | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἀνδρῶν | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying ἀνδρῶν. |
| 12 | ἀνδρῶν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-p---gm- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἀδικίαν | nmod | high | Objective/possessive genitive with ἀδικίαν: injustice of local men. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἀπέλαυσαν | punct | high |
ἐς τελέαν δὲ ἀπώλειαν ὤλισθον Ἴλιον μὲν διὰ τὴν ἐς Μενέλαον ὕβριν τοῦ Ἀλεξάνδρου, Μιλήσιοι δὲ διὰ τὸ ἐς τὰς ἐπιθυμίας Ἑστιαίου πρόχειρον καὶ ἔρωτα ἄλλοτε μὲν τῆς ἐν Ἠδωνοῖς πόλεως, τοτὲ δὲ εἶναι Δαρείου σύμβουλον, ἄλλοτε δὲ ἐπανήκειν ἐς Ἰωνίαν·
Coordinated subject clauses share ὤλισθον: Ἴλιον and Μιλήσιοι are nominative subjects, with accusative destinations/objects in the first and second coordinated grounds; the infinitives εἶναι and ἐπανήκειν are coordinated complements of the elliptical/implicit content governed by ἔρωτα. Some attachment within the compressed Ἑστιαίου phrase is syntactically uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 4 ἀπώλειαν | case | high | |
| 2 | τελέαν | τέλειος | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἀπώλειαν | amod | high | |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 5 ὤλισθον | cc | high | |
| 4 | ἀπώλειαν | ἀπώλεια | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ὤλισθον | obl | high | Goal/state with ἐς. |
| 5 | ὤλισθον | ὀλισθάνω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist-form semantics: 'slid/fell'; parser code simplified. |
| 6 | Ἴλιον | Ἴλιον | PROPN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ὤλισθον | nsubj | medium | Accusative form is formally unexpected for subject; likely name used as accusative subject/object in coordinated construction. |
| 7 | μὲν | μέν | PART | D | _ | 6 Ἴλιον | discourse | high | |
| 8 | διὰ | διά | ADP | P | _ | 12 ὕβριν | case | high | |
| 9 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ὕβριν | det | high | |
| 10 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 11 Μενέλαον | case | high | |
| 11 | Μενέλαον | Μενέλαος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ὕβριν | obl | high | |
| 12 | ὕβριν | ὕβρις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ὤλισθον | obl | high | Cause introduced by διά. |
| 13 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Ἀλεξάνδρου | det | high | |
| 14 | Ἀλεξάνδρου | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ὕβριν | nmod | high | |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ὤλισθον | punct | high | |
| 16 | Μιλήσιοι | Μιλήσιος | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ὤλισθον | nsubj | high | |
| 17 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 16 Μιλήσιοι | cc | high | |
| 18 | διὰ | διά | ADP | P | _ | 26 ἔρωτα | case | high | |
| 19 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 ἐπιθυμίας | det | high | Article introduces coordinated accusative substantival phrase. |
| 20 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 22 ἐπιθυμίας | case | high | |
| 21 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 22 ἐπιθυμίας | det | high | |
| 22 | ἐπιθυμίας | ἐπιθυμία | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 26 ἔρωτα | obl | medium | Part of compressed causal phrase after διά. |
| 23 | Ἑστιαίου | Ἑστιαῖος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἐπιθυμίας | nmod | medium | Genitive may depend on ἐπιθυμίας or the following predicates. |
| 24 | πρόχειρον | πρόχειρος | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 26 ἔρωτα | amod | medium | Accusative neuter predicative element coordinated with ἔρωτα. |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 26 ἔρωτα | cc | high | |
| 26 | ἔρωτα | ἔρως | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ὤλισθον | obl | medium | Causal accusative phrase after διά; coordinates with πρόχειρον in the compressed construction. |
| 27 | ἄλλοτε | ἄλλοτε | ADV | D | _ | 36 εἶναι | advmod | high | |
| 28 | μὲν | μέν | PART | D | _ | 27 ἄλλοτε | discourse | high | |
| 29 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 πόλεως | det | high | |
| 30 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 31 Ἠδωνοῖς | case | high | |
| 31 | Ἠδωνοῖς | Ἠδῶνοι | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 πόλεως | nmod | high | Locative dative with ἐν. |
| 32 | πόλεως | πόλις | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 ἔρωτα | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on ἔρωτα: love/desire for the city. |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 ἔρωτα | punct | high | |
| 34 | τοτὲ | τότε | ADV | D | _ | 36 εἶναι | advmod | high | |
| 35 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 36 εἶναι | cc | high | |
| 36 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 26 ἔρωτα | conj | medium | Infinitive coordinated within the compressed content of ἔρωτα. |
| 37 | Δαρείου | Δαρεῖος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 38 σύμβουλον | nmod | high | |
| 38 | σύμβουλον | σύμβουλος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 36 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Accusative predicate with εἶναι. |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 36 εἶναι | punct | high | |
| 40 | ἄλλοτε | ἄλλοτε | ADV | D | _ | 42 ἐπανήκειν | advmod | high | |
| 41 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 42 ἐπανήκειν | cc | high | |
| 42 | ἐπανήκειν | ἐπανήκω | VERB | V-PAI-N | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 26 ἔρωτα | conj | medium | Infinitive coordinated with εἶναι; exact temporal/aspectual interpretation uncertain. |
| 43 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 44 Ἰωνίαν | case | high | |
| 44 | Ἰωνίαν | Ἰωνία | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 42 ἐπανήκειν | obl | high | |
| 45 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ὤλισθον | punct | high |
καὶ δὴ καὶ Λεδοντίοις Φιλόμηλος ἀσέβειαν τὴν ἑαυτοῦ δημοσίᾳ παρέσχε σφίσιν ἀναμάξασθαι.
The construction is παρέχω τινί τι ἀναμάξασθαι: Φιλόμηλος gave the Ledontians and them an opportunity/material to wipe off his impiety; the two dative phrases are coordinated or appositional recipients, with Λεδοντίοις also reinforced by καί.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 10 παρέσχε | cc | high | |
| 2 | δὴ | δή | PART | _ | _ | 10 παρέσχε | advmod | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | ADV | _ | _ | 4 Λεδοντίοις | advmod | medium | Emphatic καί associated with the dative recipient phrase. |
| 4 | Λεδοντίοις | Λεδόντιος | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἀναμάξασθαι | iobj | medium | Dative of affected recipient with ἀναμάξασθαι; ethnic/name form is somewhat uncertain. |
| 5 | Φιλόμηλος | Φιλόμηλος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 παρέσχε | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | ἀσέβειαν | ἀσέβεια | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 παρέσχε | obj | high | |
| 7 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἀσέβειαν | det | high | |
| 8 | ἑαυτοῦ | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Ref | 6 ἀσέβειαν | nmod | high | Reflexive genitive dependent on ἀσέβειαν. |
| 9 | δημοσίᾳ | δημοσίᾳ | ADV | _ | _ | 10 παρέσχε | advmod | high | Adverbial form meaning publicly. |
| 10 | παρέσχε | παρέχω | VERB | _ | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Aorist form of παρέχω; tense is analyzed as past/aoristic despite the formally ambiguous augment-less spelling. |
| 11 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 12 ἀναμάξασθαι | iobj | high | |
| 12 | ἀναμάξασθαι | ἀναμάσσω | VERB | _ | Aspect=Aor|Mood=Inf|Voice=Mid | 10 παρέσχε | xcomp | high | Infinitive expressing what Φιλόμηλος enabled/provided them to do. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 παρέσχε | punct | high |