Grammar parses for passage 10.4.9
Open translation for this passage
θαυμάσαι δὲ ἄξιον ὅτι ἐν τῇ γῇ ταύτῃ χελιδόνες οὔτε τίκτουσιν οὔτε ἐκλέπουσί γε τὰ ᾠά, οὐδʼ ἂν ἀρχὴν πρὸς οἰκήματος ὀρόφῳ νεοσσιὰν χελιδὼν ποιήσαιτο·
Main clause has infinitival adjective construction θαυμάσαι δὲ ἄξιον with content clause introduced by ὅτι; final segment is a negative potential optative with ἄν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | θαυμάσαι | θαυμάζω | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 3 ἄξιον | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive with ἄξιον. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G | _ | 3 ἄξιον | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἄξιον | ἄξιος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Predicate adjective governing the infinitive. |
| 4 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | C | _ | 11 τίκτουσιν | mark | high | Introduces content clause. |
| 5 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 7 γῇ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 6 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 γῇ | det | high | Article. |
| 7 | γῇ | γῆ | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 τίκτουσιν | obl | high | Locative oblique with ἐν. |
| 8 | ταύτῃ | οὗτος | DET | A-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 7 γῇ | det | high | Demonstrative modifying γῇ. |
| 9 | χελιδόνες | χελιδών | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 11 τίκτουσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of τίκτουσιν and ἐκλέπουσι. |
| 10 | οὔτε | οὔτε | CCONJ | C | _ | 11 τίκτουσιν | cc | high | Correlative coordinating conjunction. |
| 11 | τίκτουσιν | τίκτω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 ὅτι | ccomp | high | First verb in coordinated negative clause. |
| 12 | οὔτε | οὔτε | CCONJ | C | _ | 13 ἐκλέπουσί | cc | high | Correlative coordinating conjunction. |
| 13 | ἐκλέπουσί | ἐκλέπω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 11 τίκτουσιν | conj | high | Second coordinated verb, elided final iota in spelling. |
| 14 | γε | γε | PART | G | _ | 13 ἐκλέπουσί | discourse | high | Enclitic particle. |
| 15 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 16 ᾠά | det | high | Article. |
| 16 | ᾠά | ᾠόν | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἐκλέπουσί | obj | high | Object of ἐκλέπουσι. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 τίκτουσιν | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 18 | οὐδʼ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 26 ποιήσαιτο | cc | high | Negative correlative coordinator. |
| 19 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | G | _ | 26 ποιήσαιτο | advmod | high | Modal particle with optative. |
| 20 | ἀρχὴν | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 ποιήσαιτο | obj | medium | Adverbial accusative meaning 'at all, in the first place'. |
| 21 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R | _ | 22 οἰκήματος | case | high | Preposition. |
| 22 | οἰκήματος | οἴκημα | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 ὀρόφῳ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ὀρόφῳ. |
| 23 | ὀρόφῳ | ὀροφή | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 ποιήσαιτο | obl | medium | Dative with πρός phrase; likely part of location expression. |
| 24 | νεοσσιὰν | νεοσσιά | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 ποιήσαιτο | obj | high | Object of ποιήσαιτο. |
| 25 | χελιδὼν | χελιδών | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 ποιήσαιτο | nsubj | high | Subject of optative verb. |
| 26 | ποιήσαιτο | ποιέω | VERB | V-AOM-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | parataxis | high | Potential optative clause dependent on the larger sentence, treated as new root-level predication. |
| 27 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 ποιήσαιτο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
λέγουσι δὲ οἱ Φωκεῖς ὡς τῇ Φιλομήλᾳ καὶ ὄρνιθι οὔσῃ Τηρέως δεῖμα ἐφάνη καὶ οὕτω τῆς πατρίδος ἀπέστη τῆς Τηρέως.
Reported speech with ὡς introduces a clausal complement; the participial phrase with οὔσῃ is syntactically compact and somewhat ambiguous, but best taken as predicative to the dative nouns.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-3PPI-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of reported-speech clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 λέγουσι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | L-3P--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 Φωκεῖς | det | high | Definite article with Φωκεῖς. |
| 4 | Φωκεῖς | Φωκεύς | NOUN | N-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 λέγουσι | nsubj | high | Subject of λέγουσι. |
| 5 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 13 ἐφάνη | mark | high | Introduces indirect statement. |
| 6 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-3S--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 Φιλομήλᾳ | det | high | Article with Φιλομήλᾳ. |
| 7 | Φιλομήλᾳ | Φιλομήλα | PROPN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἐφάνη | obl | high | Dative with οὔσῃ, in clause governed by ἐφάνη. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 9 ὄρνιθι | cc | high | Connects the two dative predicates. |
| 9 | ὄρνιθι | ὄρνις | NOUN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 οὔσῃ | obl | high | Dative complement coordinated with Φιλομήλᾳ. |
| 10 | οὔσῃ | εἰμί | AUX | V-PPPDSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 13 ἐφάνη | advcl | medium | Participle agreeing with dative nouns; structure somewhat uncertain. |
| 11 | Τηρέως | Τηρεύς | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 δεῖμα | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of δεῖμα. |
| 12 | δεῖμα | δεῖμα | NOUN | N-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἐφάνη | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐφάνη. |
| 13 | ἐφάνη | φαίνω | VERB | V-API3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 1 λέγουσι | ccomp | high | Indirect statement content of λέγουσι. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 18 ἀπέστη | cc | high | Joins coordinated main clause. |
| 15 | οὕτω | οὕτω | ADV | D-------- | _ | 18 ἀπέστη | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἀπέστη. |
| 16 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-3S--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 πατρίδος | det | high | Article with πατρίδος. |
| 17 | πατρίδος | πατρίς | NOUN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἀπέστη | obl | high | Genitive with ἀπέστη, likely source/destination relation. |
| 18 | ἀπέστη | ἀφίστημι | VERB | V-AAI3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 13 ἐφάνη | conj | high | Coordinated with ἐφάνη. |
| 19 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-3S--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 20 Τηρέως | det | high | Article with Τηρέως. |
| 20 | Τηρέως | Τηρεύς | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἀπέστη | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἀπέστη. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 λέγουσι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
Δαυλιεῦσι δὲ Ἀθηνᾶς ἱερὸν καὶ ἄγαλμά ἐστιν ἀρχαῖον·
Copular clause with coordinated predicate nouns; Δαυλιεῦσι is best taken as a dative of reference/addressee, though the exact lexical identity is uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Δαυλιεῦσι | Δαυλιεύς | PROPN | Neut? | Case=Dative|Number=Plural | 7 ἐστιν | iobj | medium | Treat as dative plural addressee/possessor; form is obscure and may be ethnic/dative of reference. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 7 ἐστιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἀθηνᾶς | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἱερὸν. |
| 4 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-S---NN- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Predicate subject with ἄγαλμα as coordinated apposition/predicate complement. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 6 ἄγαλμά | cc | high | Coordinates ἄγαλμα with ἱερὸν. |
| 6 | ἄγαλμά | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-S---NN- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Sing | 4 ἱερὸν | conj | high | Second coordinated predicate noun. |
| 7 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root. |
| 8 | ἀρχαῖον | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-S---NN- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Sing | 4 ἱερὸν | amod | high | Predicate adjective modifying the coordinated nominal phrase. |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐστιν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
τὸ δὲ ξόανον τὸ ἔτι παλαιότερον λέγουσιν ἐπαγαγέσθαι Πρόκνην ἐξ Ἀθηνῶν.
The accusative ξόανον with article + adjective likely functions as the object/topic of λέγουσιν, while ἐπαγαγέσθαι takes Πρόκνην and Ἀθηνῶν as its complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 ξόανον | det | high | Article modifying ξόανον. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 7 λέγουσιν | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 3 | ξόανον | ξόανον | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 λέγουσιν | obj | high | Accusative subject/object of λέγουσιν with infinitival complement. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 παλαιότερον | det | high | Article modifying παλαιότερον substantively. |
| 5 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | _ | _ | 6 παλαιότερον | advmod | high | Adverb modifying comparative. |
| 6 | παλαιότερον | παλαιότερος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ξόανον | amod | medium | Likely attributive modifier with article; syntactic relation somewhat loose. |
| 7 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 8 | ἐπαγαγέσθαι | ἐπάγω | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 7 λέγουσιν | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of λέγουσιν. |
| 9 | Πρόκνην | Πρόκνη | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐπαγαγέσθαι | obj | high | Object of the infinitive. |
| 10 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 11 Ἀθηνῶν | case | high | Preposition governing Ἀθηνῶν. |
| 11 | Ἀθηνῶν | Ἀθῆναι | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 ἐπαγαγέσθαι | obl | high | Oblique source/location with ἐξ. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 λέγουσιν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |