Grammar parses for passage 10.8.4
Open translation for this passage
ἐκ Νικοπόλεως μὲν καὶ Μακεδονίας τε καὶ Θεσσαλῶν, ἀπὸ ἑκάστων ἀριθμῷ ἦσαν ἕξ, ἐκ δὲ Βοιωτῶν---Θεσσαλίαν γὰρ καὶ οὗτοι τὰ ἀρχαιότερα ᾤκησαν καὶ Αἰολεῖς τηνικαῦτα ἐκαλοῦντο---καὶ ἐκ Φωκέων τε καὶ Δελφῶν, παρὰ τούτων δύο ἑκάστων·
Elliptical enumeration: ἕξ is the predicate numeral with omitted εἶναι/understood subject; the later παρὰ τούτων δύο ἑκάστων repeats the distribution. The dash sequences are punctuation-like separators; οὗτοι refers to the Boeotians and καὶ coordinates the parenthetical clauses.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 2 Νικοπόλεως | case | high | |
| 2 | Νικοπόλεως | Νικόπολις | PROPN | N- --GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἦσαν | obl | high | Source/place genitive. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | D-------- | _ | 13 ἦσαν | discourse | high | |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 Μακεδονίας | cc | high | |
| 5 | Μακεδονίας | Μακεδονία | PROPN | N- --GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 Νικοπόλεως | conj | high | Coordinated source. |
| 6 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 Θεσσαλῶν | cc | high | |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 Θεσσαλῶν | cc | high | |
| 8 | Θεσσαλῶν | Θεσσαλός | PROPN | N- --GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 2 Νικοπόλεως | conj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἦσαν | punct | high | |
| 10 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 11 ἑκάστων | case | high | |
| 11 | ἑκάστων | ἕκαστος | PRON | P- --GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἕξ | nmod | high | Partitive/distributive genitive. |
| 12 | ἀριθμῷ | ἀριθμός | NOUN | N- --DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἕξ | obl | high | Adverbial dative: in number. |
| 13 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | V3PIIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb of the enumeration. |
| 14 | ἕξ | ἕξ | NUM | M-------- | NumType=Card | 13 ἦσαν | xcomp | medium | Predicate numeral; construction is elliptical/possibly appositional to an omitted subject. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἦσαν | punct | high | |
| 16 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 18 Βοιωτῶν | case | high | |
| 17 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 18 Βοιωτῶν | cc | high | Contrasts the preceding groups. |
| 18 | Βοιωτῶν | Βοιωτός | PROPN | N- --GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἦσαν | obl | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 Βοιωτῶν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 Βοιωτῶν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 21 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 Βοιωτῶν | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 22 | Θεσσαλίαν | Θεσσαλία | PROPN | N- --ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 ᾤκησαν | obj | high | Object of ᾤκησαν. |
| 23 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | G-------- | _ | 28 ᾤκησαν | discourse | high | |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 25 οὗτοι | cc | high | |
| 25 | οὗτοι | οὗτος | PRON | P---NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 28 ᾤκησαν | nsubj | high | Refers to the Boeotians. |
| 26 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T---APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 27 ἀρχαιότερα | det | high | |
| 27 | ἀρχαιότερα | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A--APN- | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 28 ᾤκησαν | obl | medium | Substantivized neuter plural, adverbial in sense: in earlier times. |
| 28 | ᾤκησαν | οἰκέω | VERB | V3PAAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 32 ἐκαλοῦντο | advcl | high | Parenthetical explanatory clause. |
| 29 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 32 ἐκαλοῦντο | cc | high | |
| 30 | Αἰολεῖς | Αἰολεύς | PROPN | N---NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 ἐκαλοῦντο | nsubj | high | Ethnic name used predicatively. |
| 31 | τηνικαῦτα | τηνικαῦτα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 32 ἐκαλοῦντο | advmod | high | At that time. |
| 32 | ἐκαλοῦντο | καλέω | VERB | V3PIIM--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 28 ᾤκησαν | conj | high | Middle/passive: were called. |
| 33 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 32 ἐκαλοῦντο | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 34 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 32 ἐκαλοῦντο | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 35 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 32 ἐκαλοῦντο | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 36 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 38 Φωκέων | cc | high | |
| 37 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 38 Φωκέων | case | high | |
| 38 | Φωκέων | Φωκεύς | PROPN | N---GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 Βοιωτῶν | conj | high | Coordinated source group. |
| 39 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 41 Δελφῶν | cc | high | |
| 40 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 41 Δελφῶν | cc | high | |
| 41 | Δελφῶν | Δελφός | PROPN | N---GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 38 Φωκέων | conj | high | Coordinated source group. |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἦσαν | punct | high | |
| 43 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 44 τούτων | case | high | With genitive: from/among. |
| 44 | τούτων | οὗτος | PRON | P---GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 45 δύο | nmod | high | Refers to the immediately preceding peoples. |
| 45 | δύο | δύο | NUM | M-------- | NumType=Card | 13 ἦσαν | conj | medium | Second elliptical numeral in the enumeration. |
| 46 | ἑκάστων | ἕκαστος | PRON | P---GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 45 δύο | nmod | high | Distributive genitive: two from each. |
| 47 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἦσαν | punct | high |