Grammar parses for passage 2.18.9
Open translation for this passage
οἱ δὲ Νηλεῖδαι πλὴν Πεισιστράτου---τοῦτον γὰρ οὐκ οἶδα παρʼ οὕστινας ἀπεχώρησεν---ἐς Ἀθήνας ἀφίκοντο οἱ λοιποί, καὶ τὸ Παιονιδῶν γένος καὶ Ἀλκμαιωνιδῶν ἀπὸ τούτων ὠνομάσθησαν.
Main clause: οἱ Νηλεῖδαι ... ἀφίκοντο, with οἱ λοιποί as a postposed subject-like apposition; Πεισιστράτου is governed by πλὴν. The parenthetical οὐκ οἶδα ... ἀπεχώρησεν is syntactically elliptical/uncertain: οὕστινας is an interrogative-relative accusative plural after παρὰ, while ἀπεχώρησεν has an omitted subject and likely refers to Πεισίστρατος. The final clause has coordinated subjects τὸ Παιονιδῶν γένος and Ἀλκμαιωνιδῶν, with ἀπὸ τούτων expressing source.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T----NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 Νηλεῖδαι | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 ἀφίκοντο | cc | high | |
| 3 | Νηλεῖδαι | Νηλεΐδης | PROPN | N-----MP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 ἀφίκοντο | nsubj | high | Patronymic plural used substantivally. |
| 4 | πλὴν | πλήν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 Πεισιστράτου | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 5 | Πεισιστράτου | Πεισίστρατος | PROPN | N-----MSG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 Νηλεῖδαι | nmod | high | Genitive of exclusion after πλήν. |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 Πεισιστράτου | punct | high | Dash opening parenthesis. |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 οἶδα | punct | high | Dash opening parenthesis. |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 οἶδα | punct | high | Dash opening parenthesis. |
| 9 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | PRON | PD----ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 12 οἶδα | obj | high | Object of οἶδα; resumes Πεισίστρατον. |
| 10 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | G-------- | _ | 12 οἶδα | discourse | high | Explanatory connective. |
| 11 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | T-------- | Polarity=Neg | 12 οἶδα | advmod | high | |
| 12 | οἶδα | οἶδα | VERB | V-RAI-1S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 21 ἀφίκοντο | parataxis | high | Parenthetical finite verb. |
| 13 | παρʼ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 14 οὕστινας | case | high | Elided preposition. |
| 14 | οὕστινας | ὅστις | PRON | PI----APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Int | 15 ἀπεχώρησεν | obl | medium | Interrogative/relative form; exact force and antecedent are uncertain. |
| 15 | ἀπεχώρησεν | ἀποχωρέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 12 οἶδα | ccomp | medium | Aorist form with omitted subject, probably Πεισίστρατος; object/complement syntax is elliptical. |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἀπεχώρησεν | punct | high | Dash closing parenthesis. |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἀπεχώρησεν | punct | high | Dash closing parenthesis. |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἀπεχώρησεν | punct | high | Dash closing parenthesis. |
| 19 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 20 Ἀθήνας | case | high | |
| 20 | Ἀθήνας | Ἀθῆναι | PROPN | N-----APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 ἀφίκοντο | obl | high | Goal of motion. |
| 21 | ἀφίκοντο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-AMI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 22 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T----NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 λοιποί | det | high | |
| 23 | λοιποί | λοιπός | ADJ | A-----NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 ἀφίκοντο | appos | medium | Substantivized adjective, postposed to the main subject. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 ἀφίκοντο | punct | high | |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 33 ὠνομάσθησαν | cc | high | Coordinates the final clause with the preceding clause. |
| 26 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T----NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 28 γένος | det | high | |
| 27 | Παιονιδῶν | Παιονίδαι | PROPN | N-----GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 28 γένος | nmod | medium | Ethnic/family name in a genitive modifying γένος; gender follows form/collective usage. |
| 28 | γένος | γένος | NOUN | N-----NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 33 ὠνομάσθησαν | nsubj | high | |
| 29 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 30 Ἀλκμαιωνιδῶν | cc | high | Coordinates the second subject. |
| 30 | Ἀλκμαιωνιδῶν | Ἀλκμαιωνίδαι | PROPN | N-----GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 33 ὠνομάσθησαν | nsubj | medium | Likely elliptical γένος: ‘the Alcmaeonid [family]’; coordinated with τὸ Παιονιδῶν γένος. |
| 31 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 32 τούτων | case | high | |
| 32 | τούτων | οὗτος | PRON | PD----GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 33 ὠνομάσθησαν | obl | high | Source antecedent, referring to the preceding persons/family groups. |
| 33 | ὠνομάσθησαν | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-API-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 21 ἀφίκοντο | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb; plural agreement reflects the coordinated subjects. |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 ἀφίκοντο | punct | high |
Μέλανθος δὲ καὶ τὴν βασιλείαν ἔσχεν ἀφελόμενος Θυμοίτην τὸν Ὀξύντου· Θυμοίτης γὰρ Θησειδῶν ἔσχατος ἐβασίλευσεν Ἀθηναίων.
The first clause has an aorist circumstantial middle participle (ἀφελόμενος) governing Θυμοίτην; the following γάρ-clause explains that Thymaetes was the last of the Theseids to rule the Athenians.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μέλανθος | Μέλανθος | PROPN | Neut? Nom.Sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἔσχεν | nsubj | high | Proper-name subject of ἔσχεν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἔσχεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἔσχεν | cc | medium | Adverbial/additive καί, possibly linking this clause to context. |
| 4 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | Art.Acc.Sg.Fem | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 βασιλείαν | det | high | |
| 5 | βασιλείαν | βασιλεία | NOUN | Fem.Acc.Sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἔσχεν | obj | high | Direct object of ἔσχεν. |
| 6 | ἔσχεν | ἔχω | VERB | V-Aor-Act-Ind-3Sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | ἀφελόμενος | ἀφαιρέω | VERB | V-Aor-Mid-Part-Nom-Sg-Masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 6 ἔσχεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, ‘having deprived/taken from’. |
| 8 | Θυμοίτην | Θυμοίτης | PROPN | Masc.Acc.Sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀφελόμενος | obj | high | Object of ἀφελόμενος. |
| 9 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | Art.Acc.Sg.Masc | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Ὀξύντου | det | high | |
| 10 | Ὀξύντου | Ὄξυντος | PROPN | Gen.Sg.Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Θυμοίτην | nmod | high | Patronymic/genitive relation: Θυμοίτην son of Oxyntes. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἔσχεν | punct | high | |
| 12 | Θυμοίτης | Θυμοίτης | PROPN | Masc.Nom.Sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἐβασίλευσεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐβασίλευσεν. |
| 13 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | CONJ | _ | 16 ἐβασίλευσεν | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 14 | Θησειδῶν | Θησεΐδαι | PROPN | Gen.Pl | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἔσχατος | nmod | high | Genitive with ἔσχατος: last of the Theseids. |
| 15 | ἔσχατος | ἔσχατος | ADJ | Superlative-Nom.Sg.Masc | Case=Nom|Degree=Superl|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἐβασίλευσεν | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with ἐβασίλευσεν, ‘was the last’. |
| 16 | ἐβασίλευσεν | βασιλεύω | VERB | V-Aor-Act-Ind-3Sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 6 ἔσχεν | parataxis | high | Independent explanatory clause after the punctuation. |
| 17 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | Gen.Pl | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἐβασίλευσεν | nmod | high | Genitive of the people ruled: ‘of the Athenians’. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἐβασίλευσεν | punct | high |