Grammar parses for passage 2.3.3
Open translation for this passage
κεκόσμηται δὲ ἡ πηγὴ λίθῳ λευκῷ, καὶ πεποιημένα ἐστὶν οἰκήματα σπηλαίοις κατὰ ταὐτά, ἐξ ὧν τὸ ὕδωρ ἐς κρήνην ὕπαιθρον ῥεῖ πιεῖν τε ἡδὺ καὶ τὸν Κορίνθιον χαλκὸν διάπυρον καὶ θερμὸν ὄντα ὑπὸ ὕδατος τούτου βάπτεσθαι λέγουσιν, ἐπεὶ χαλκός γε οὐκ ἔστι Κορινθίοις.
The sentence consists of several coordinated clauses with infinitival complements; the periphrastic passive πεποιημένα ἐστίν and the reported infinitives under λέγουσιν are the main syntactic difficulties.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κεκόσμηται | κοσμέω | VERB | V-Perf-Mid-3S | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PART | _ | 1 κεκόσμηται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | l-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 πηγὴ | det | high | Article modifying πηγὴ. |
| 4 | πηγὴ | πηγή | NOUN | n-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 κεκόσμηται | nsubj:pass | high | Subject of κεκόσμηται. |
| 5 | λίθῳ | λίθος | NOUN | n-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 κεκόσμηται | obl | high | Instrumental/means phrase. |
| 6 | λευκῷ | λευκός | ADJ | a-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 λίθῳ | amod | high | Modifies λίθῳ. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 κεκόσμηται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c----- | _ | 10 ἐστὶν | cc | high | Coordinates clause with previous. |
| 9 | πεποιημένα | ποιέω | VERB | V-Perf-Pass-NPN | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 10 ἐστὶν | aux:pass | medium | Participle in periphrastic perfect passive with ἐστὶν. |
| 10 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 1 κεκόσμηται | conj | medium | Likely coordinated finite clause with periphrastic passive; head chosen as connected to first clause. |
| 11 | οἰκήματα | οἴκημα | NOUN | n-p---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστὶν. |
| 12 | σπηλαίοις | σπήλαιον | NOUN | n-p---nd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἐστὶν | obl | high | Dative of comparison/association with κατὰ ταὐτά. |
| 13 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | r--- | _ | 14 ταὐτά | case | high | Preposition governing ταὐτά. |
| 14 | ταὐτά | αὐτός | PRON | a-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 σπηλαίοις | nmod | medium | With κατὰ, meaning 'likewise/similarly'; attachment somewhat uncertain. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐστὶν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 16 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | r--- | _ | 17 ὧν | case | high | Preposition. |
| 17 | ὧν | ὅς | PRON | p-p---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 19 ὕδωρ | nmod | high | Relative pronoun governed by ἐξ. |
| 18 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 ὕδωρ | det | high | Article with ὕδωρ. |
| 19 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | n-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 ῥεῖ | nsubj | high | Subject of ῥεῖ. |
| 20 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | r--- | _ | 21 κρήνην | case | high | Preposition. |
| 21 | κρήνην | κρήνη | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 ῥεῖ | obl | high | Goal of motion with ἐς. |
| 22 | ὕπαιθρον | ὕπαιθρος | ADJ | a-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 κρήνην | amod | high | Adjective modifying κρήνην. |
| 23 | ῥεῖ | ῥέω | VERB | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 1 κεκόσμηται | conj | high | Second coordinated finite clause. |
| 24 | πιεῖν | πίνω | VERB | v--ana--- | VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 23 ῥεῖ | advcl | medium | Infinitival complement/purpose with ῥεῖ. |
| 25 | τε | τε | PART | g-------- | _ | 24 πιεῖν | advmod | medium | Enclitic connective attached to infinitive phrase. |
| 26 | ἡδὺ | ἡδύς | ADJ | a-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 πιεῖν | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective with infinitive; function somewhat uncertain. |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c----- | _ | 39 λέγουσιν | cc | high | Coordinates infinitival clauses. |
| 28 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | l-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 30 χαλκὸν | det | high | Article with χαλκόν. |
| 29 | Κορίνθιον | Κορίνθιος | ADJ | a-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 χαλκὸν | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of χαλκόν. |
| 30 | χαλκὸν | χαλκός | NOUN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 38 βάπτεσθαι | obj | high | Object of βάπτεσθαι. |
| 31 | διάπυρον | διάπυρος | ADJ | a-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 χαλκὸν | amod | high | Modifies χαλκόν. |
| 32 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c----- | _ | 34 ὄντα | cc | high | Coordinates adjectives. |
| 33 | θερμὸν | θερμός | ADJ | a-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 ὄντα | conj | high | Conjunct adjective with ὄντα. |
| 34 | ὄντα | εἰμί | VERB | v-sppama- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 30 χαλκὸν | amod | medium | Participial modifier of χαλκόν; θερμὸν coordinated with it. |
| 35 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | r--- | _ | 36 ὕδατος | case | high | Preposition. |
| 36 | ὕδατος | ὕδωρ | NOUN | n-s---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 38 βάπτεσθαι | obl | high | Agent/source with ὑπό in passive infinitive phrase. |
| 37 | τούτου | οὗτος | DET | pd-s---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 36 ὕδατος | det | high | Demonstrative modifying ὕδατος. |
| 38 | βάπτεσθαι | βάπτω | VERB | v--pppn--- | VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 39 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of λέγουσιν. |
| 39 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | v3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 1 κεκόσμηται | conj | high | Reported-speech verb coordinated with earlier clauses. |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 39 λέγουσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 41 | ἐπεὶ | ἐπεί | SCONJ | c-------- | _ | 45 ἔστι | mark | high | Introduces causal clause. |
| 42 | χαλκός | χαλκός | NOUN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 45 ἔστι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔστι. |
| 43 | γε | γε | PART | g-------- | _ | 42 χαλκός | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 44 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | d-------- | _ | 45 ἔστι | advmod | high | Negation. |
| 45 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 39 λέγουσιν | advcl | high | Causal clause headed by ἐπεὶ. |
| 46 | Κορινθίοις | Κορίνθιος | PROPN | n-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 45 ἔστι | obl | high | Dative of possession/interest with ἔστι. |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 κεκόσμηται | punct | high | Punctuation. |