Grammar parses for passage 2.34.4
Open translation for this passage
τὰ μὲν δὴ Μέθανα ἰσθμός ἐστι τῆς Πελοποννήσου·
Copular identification: Μέθανα is the neuter plural subject/name, with ἰσθμός as the nominative predicate; τὰ ... Μέθανα is a topicalized demonstrative/article-like determiner phrase, and μὲν δή marks discourse transition.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T----NPA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 Μέθανα | det | high | Article/demonstrative-like determiner with the neuter plural place-name. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G--------- | _ | 6 ἐστι | discourse | high | Correlative discourse particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | G--------- | _ | 6 ἐστι | discourse | high | Emphatic/discourse particle. |
| 4 | Μέθανα | Μέθανα | PROPN | N---NP neut | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ἐστι | nsubj | high | Neuter plural place-name functioning as the subject of the copula. |
| 5 | ἰσθμός | ἰσθμός | NOUN | N---NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἐστι | attr | high | Predicate nominative/subject complement. |
| 6 | ἐστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copula; singular agreement follows the predicate nominative ἰσθμός. |
| 7 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T----GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 Πελοποννήσου | det | high | Genitive article. |
| 8 | Πελοποννήσου | Πελοπόννησος | PROPN | N---GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἰσθμός | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἰσθμός, ‘isthmus of the Peloponnese’. |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐστι | punct | high |
ἐντὸς δὲ τοῦ ἰσθμοῦ τῆς Τροιζηνίων ὅμορός ἐστιν Ἑρμιόνη.
Ἐντός is a preposition governing the genitive phrase τοῦ ἰσθμοῦ τῆς Τροιζηνίων; ὅμορός agrees with the predicate subject Ἑρμιόνη, with ἐστιν as the copular root.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐντὸς | ἐντός | ADP | ADV | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἰσθμοῦ | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | PTCL | _ | 8 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἰσθμοῦ | det | high | |
| 4 | ἰσθμοῦ | ἰσθμός | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ὅμορός | obl | high | |
| 5 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Τροιζηνίων | det | high | |
| 6 | Τροιζηνίων | Τροιζήνιος | ADJ | A-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 ἰσθμοῦ | nmod | high | Ethnic adjective substantivized or modifying an understood plural noun; exact attachment is syntactically compressed. |
| 7 | ὅμορός | ὅμορος | ADJ | A-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | |
| 8 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | cop | high | |
| 9 | Ἑρμιόνη | Ἑρμιόνη | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ὅμορός | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐστιν | punct | high |
οἰκιστὴν δὲ τῆς ἀρχαίας πόλεως Ἑρμιονεῖς γενέσθαι φασὶν Ἑρμίονα Εὔρωπος.
The core is φασὶν with an accusative-and-infinitive complement: Ἑρμίονα οἰκιστὴν ... γενέσθαι; Εὔρωπος is syntactically uncertain, probably an additional name or attribution.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἰκιστὴν | οἰκιστής | NOUN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 γενέσθαι | xcomp | high | Accusative predicate/subject of the infinitive γενέσθαι, with implied subject Ἑρμίονα. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 8 φασὶν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | l-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 πόλεως | det | high | |
| 4 | ἀρχαίας | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | a-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 πόλεως | amod | high | |
| 5 | πόλεως | πόλις | NOUN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 οἰκιστὴν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on οἰκιστήν: founder of the ancient city. |
| 6 | Ἑρμιονεῖς | Ἑρμιονεύς | PROPN | n-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 φασὶν | nsubj | high | Plural subject of φασίν. |
| 7 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | v--anm--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 8 φασὶν | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of φασίν. |
| 8 | φασὶν | φημί | VERB | v3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | Ἑρμίονα | Ἑρμίων | PROPN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 γενέσθαι | nsubj | medium | Accusative subject of the infinitive; masculine proper name despite apparent -a ending. |
| 10 | Εὔρωπος | Εὔρωπος | PROPN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 φασὶν | parataxis | low | Likely an appositional/name attribution to Ἑρμίονα, but its nominative form makes the exact attachment uncertain. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 φασὶν | punct | high |
τὸν δὲ Εὔρωπα ---ἦν γὰρ δὴ Φορωνέως---Ἡροφάνης ὁ Τροιζήνιος ἔφασκεν εἶναι νόθον· οὐ γὰρ δή ποτε ἐς Ἄργον τὸν Νιόβης θυγατριδοῦν ὄντα Φορωνέως τὴν ἐν Ἄργει περιελθεῖν ἂν ἀρχὴν παρόντος Φορωνεῖ γνησίου παιδός.
The sentence contains an inserted parenthetical clause and a difficult negative counterfactual-style infinitive; token 39 is morphologically anomalous as supplied (dative where a genitive-absolute subject would normally be genitive).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | article-ACC-SG-MASC | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἔφασκεν | obj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | Polarity=Pos | 17 ἔφασκεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | Εὔρωπα | Εὐρώπας | PROPN | PROPN-ACC-SG-MASC | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 τὸν | appos | medium | Personal name, accusative; spelling and declension are context-dependent. |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 0 ROOT | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 0 ROOT | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 0 ROOT | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 7 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IMPERF-IND-3SG | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin | 10 Φορωνέως | cop | high | |
| 8 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 ἦν | cc | high | |
| 9 | δὴ | δή | PART | PART | _ | 7 ἦν | advmod | high | |
| 10 | Φορωνέως | Φορωνεύς | PROPN | PROPN-GEN-SG-MASC | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἦν | nsubj | medium | Predicate nominal/genitival identification: ‘he was of/son of Phoroneus’. |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 0 ROOT | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 0 ROOT | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 0 ROOT | punct | high | Editorial dash. |
| 14 | Ἡροφάνης | Ἡροφάνης | PROPN | PROPN-NOM-SG-MASC | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἔφασκεν | nsubj | high | |
| 15 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | article-NOM-SG-MASC | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 Τροιζήνιος | det | high | |
| 16 | Τροιζήνιος | Τροιζήνιος | PROPN | ADJ-NOM-SG-MASC | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Ἡροφάνης | appos | high | Ethnic adjective used substantivally/appositionally. |
| 17 | ἔφασκεν | φάσκω | VERB | V-IMPERF-IND-3SG | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 18 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PRES-INF-ACT | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 17 ἔφασκεν | ccomp | high | Infinitive in indirect statement. |
| 19 | νόθον | νόθος | ADJ | A-ACC-SG-MASC | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective of accusative subject τὸν Εὔρωπα. |
| 20 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἔφασκεν | punct | high | |
| 21 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART-NEG | Polarity=Neg | 35 περιελθεῖν | advmod | high | |
| 22 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 35 περιελθεῖν | cc | high | |
| 23 | δή | δή | PART | PART | _ | 24 ποτε | advmod | high | |
| 24 | ποτε | ποτε | ADV | ADV | _ | 35 περιελθεῖν | advmod | high | |
| 25 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 26 Ἄργον | case | high | |
| 26 | Ἄργον | Ἄργος | PROPN | PROPN-ACC-SG-NEUT | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 35 περιελθεῖν | obl | high | |
| 27 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | article-ACC-SG-MASC | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 θυγατριδοῦν | det | high | |
| 28 | Νιόβης | Νιόβη | PROPN | PROPN-GEN-SG-FEM | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 θυγατριδοῦν | nmod | high | |
| 29 | θυγατριδοῦν | θυγατριδοῦς | NOUN | N-ACC-SG-MASC | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 ὄντα | obl | medium | Accusative appositional/relational expression, ‘grandson through a daughter’; exact attachment is debated. |
| 30 | ὄντα | εἰμί | AUX | V-PRES-PART-ACC-SG-MASC | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 35 περιελθεῖν | advcl | medium | Participial clause, with accusative subject/object understood as the Argive ruler. |
| 31 | Φορωνέως | Φορωνεύς | PROPN | PROPN-GEN-SG-MASC | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 θυγατριδοῦν | nmod | high | |
| 32 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | article-ACC-SG-FEM | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 37 ἀρχὴν | det | high | |
| 33 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 34 Ἄργει | case | high | |
| 34 | Ἄργει | Ἄργος | PROPN | PROPN-DAT-SG-NEUT | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 37 ἀρχὴν | obl | high | |
| 35 | περιελθεῖν | περιέρχομαι | VERB | V-AOR-INF-ACT | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 17 ἔφασκεν | ccomp | high | Infinitive under an implied/elliptical verb of necessity or possibility after οὐ γάρ. |
| 36 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | PART-MODAL | Mood=Irr | 35 περιελθεῖν | aux | high | Modal particle with infinitive. |
| 37 | ἀρχὴν | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-ACC-SG-FEM | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 35 περιελθεῖν | obj | high | |
| 38 | παρόντος | πάρειμι | VERB | V-PRES-PART-GEN-SG-MASC | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 35 περιελθεῖν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with Φορωνεῖ as its subject. |
| 39 | Φορωνεῖ | Φορωνεύς | PROPN | PROPN-DAT-SG-MASC | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 38 παρόντος | nsubj | low | Form is dative in the supplied text; expected genitive Φορωνέως for a genitive absolute, so morphology/syntax is textually anomalous. |
| 40 | γνησίου | γνήσιος | ADJ | A-GEN-SG-MASC | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 41 παιδός | amod | high | |
| 41 | παιδός | παῖς | NOUN | N-GEN-SG-MASC | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 38 παρόντος | obl | high | Genitive complement with ‘being present with a legitimate son’. |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 35 περιελθεῖν | punct | high |