Grammar parses for passage 2.38.7
Open translation for this passage
ἀνατείνει δὲ ὑπὲρ τὰς κώμας ὄρος Πάρνων, καὶ Λακεδαιμονίων ἐπʼ αὐτοῦ πρὸς Ἀργείους ὅροι καὶ Τεγεάτας εἰσίν·
The first clause has ὄρος Πάρνων as the subject of ἀνατείνει, with ὑπέρ governing the accusative κώμας. In the second clause, ὅροι is the subject of εἰσίν; Λακεδαιμονίων is a genitive dependent on ὅροι, and ἐπʼ αὐτοῦ is locative. The coordination καὶ Τεγεάτας is retained as a coordinated accusative object/complement of the boundary relation, though the exact elliptical syntax is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀνατείνει | ἀνατείνω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 ὄρος | acl | high | Finite verb; subject follows. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἀνατείνει | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 κώμας | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 4 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 κώμας | det | high | |
| 5 | κώμας | κώμη | NOUN | N-AFP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 1 ἀνατείνει | obl | high | Accusative governed by ὑπέρ. |
| 6 | ὄρος | ὄρος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἀνατείνει | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀνατείνει. |
| 7 | Πάρνων | Πάρνων | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ὄρος | appos | medium | Mountain name in apposition to ὄρος; form is indeclinable/masculine in usage. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | punct | _ | 1 ἀνατείνει | punct | high | |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 ὅροι | cc | high | Coordinates the second clause with the first. |
| 10 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ὅροι | nmod | high | Substantivized ethnic adjective; genitive dependent on ὅροι. |
| 11 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 12 αὐτοῦ | case | high | Elided form of ἐπί. |
| 12 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | P-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 15 ὅροι | obl | medium | Genitive with ἐπί, referring to Πάρνων/ὄρος; spatial phrase. |
| 13 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 14 Ἀργείους | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 14 | Ἀργείους | Ἀργεῖος | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ὅροι | nmod | medium | Substantivized ethnic adjective; destination/side expressed with πρός. |
| 15 | ὅροι | ὅρος | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 εἰσίν | nsubj | high | Subject of εἰσίν. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 Τεγεάτας | cc | high | Coordinates Τεγεάτας with the preceding boundary complement. |
| 17 | Τεγεάτας | Τεγεάτης | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ὅροι | nmod | medium | Accusative ethnic name; elliptical continuation of the boundary relation. |
| 18 | εἰσίν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite copular/existential predicate. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | punct | _ | 18 εἰσίν | punct | high |
ἑστήκασι δὲ ἐπὶ τοῖς ὅροις Ἑρμαῖ λίθου, καὶ τοῦ χωρίου τὸ ὄνομά ἐστιν ἀπʼ αὐτῶν.
The first clause has an understood plural subject, Ἑρμαῖ λίθου, with ἐπί governing the dative ὅροις; the second clause is a copular naming construction, with τὸ ὄνομα as subject and τοῦ χωρίου as its genitive dependent. ἀπʼ αὐτῶν expresses derivation of the name from the herms.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἑστήκασι | ἵστημι | VERB | V-RAI-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perfect|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect active, ‘stand/remain standing’; subject follows. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἑστήκασι | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle. |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 ὅροις | case | high | With dative, indicating location. |
| 4 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPN | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ὅροις | det | high | Article modifying ὅροις. |
| 5 | ὅροις | ὅρος | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἑστήκασι | obl | high | Dative locative complement of ἐπί. |
| 6 | Ἑρμαῖ | ἑρμῆς | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἑστήκασι | nsubj | medium | Plural herm-statues; form is orthographically ambiguous but syntactically nominative plural. |
| 7 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Ἑρμαῖ | nmod | high | Material genitive, ‘of stone’. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἑστήκασι | punct | high | |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἐστιν | cc | high | Coordinates the second clause. |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 χωρίου | det | high | Article modifying χωρίου. |
| 11 | χωρίου | χωρίον | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ὄνομά | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ὄνομα, ‘the name of the place’. |
| 12 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ὄνομά | det | high | Article modifying ὄνομα. |
| 13 | ὄνομά | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of the copular clause. |
| 14 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 ἑστήκασι | conj | high | Copular predicate of the coordinated clause. |
| 15 | ἀπʼ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 16 αὐτῶν | case | high | Elided preposition governing the genitive. |
| 16 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 14 ἐστιν | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἀπό, referring to the herms. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἑστήκασι | punct | high |
ποταμὸς δὲ καλούμενος Τάναος---εἷς γὰρ δὴ οὗτος ἐκ τοῦ Πάρνωνος κάτεισι---ῥέων διὰ τῆς Ἀργείας καὶ ἐκδίδωσιν ἐς τὸν Θυρεάτην κόλπον.
The river-name participial phrase and the dash-enclosed explanatory clause are attached to the main verb ἐκδίδωσιν; ῥέων is a nominative participle describing the same river subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ποταμὸς | ποταμός | NOUN | N-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 ἐκδίδωσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 24 ἐκδίδωσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | καλούμενος | καλέω | VERB | V-ppp-nsm- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 1 ποταμὸς | acl | high | Passive participle modifying ποταμός. |
| 4 | Τάναος | Τάναος | PROPN | N-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 καλούμενος | xcomp | medium | Predicate nominative/name with καλούμενος. |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἐκδίδωσιν | punct | high | |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἐκδίδωσιν | punct | high | |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἐκδίδωσιν | punct | high | |
| 8 | εἷς | εἷς | PRON | A--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 κάτεισι | nsubj | high | Substantival numeral/pronoun. |
| 9 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 κάτεισι | cc | high | |
| 10 | δὴ | δή | PART | PART | _ | 15 κάτεισι | discourse | high | |
| 11 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | A--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 εἷς | appos | high | Resumptive demonstrative identifying εἷς. |
| 12 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 15 κάτεισι | case | high | |
| 13 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Πάρνωνος | det | high | |
| 14 | Πάρνωνος | Πάρνων | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἐκ | obl | high | |
| 15 | κάτεισι | κάτειμι | VERB | V-PAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 24 ἐκδίδωσιν | parataxis | high | Parenthetical explanatory clause. |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 κάτεισι | punct | high | |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 κάτεισι | punct | high | |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 κάτεισι | punct | high | |
| 19 | ῥέων | ῥέω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 24 ἐκδίδωσιν | advcl | high | Conjoined/serial nominative participle agreeing with ποταμός. |
| 20 | διὰ | διά | ADP | PREP | _ | 22 Ἀργείας | case | high | |
| 21 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 Ἀργείας | det | high | |
| 22 | Ἀργείας | Ἀργεία | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ῥέων | obl | high | |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 24 ἐκδίδωσιν | cc | high | |
| 24 | ἐκδίδωσιν | ἐκδίδωμι | VERB | V-PAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 25 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 28 κόλπον | case | high | |
| 26 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 κόλπον | det | high | |
| 27 | Θυρεάτην | Θυρεάτης | ADJ | A-ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 κόλπον | amod | high | |
| 28 | κόλπον | κόλπος | NOUN | N-ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 ἐκδίδωσιν | obl | high | |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἐκδίδωσιν | punct | high |