Grammar parses for passage 3.9.9
Open translation for this passage
οἱ δὲ ἐς τὸ φανερὸν τοῦ πολέμου παρασχόντες τὴν ἀρχὴν ἐγένοντο οἱ ἐξ Ἀμφίσσης Λοκροί.
The syntax is straightforward: an aorist participial clause modifies the subject, and the finite verb links to a nominative subject with a second predicate noun phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 Λοκροί | det | high | Article modifying the second predicate noun phrase. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | g-------- | _ | 11 ἐγένοντο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | r-------- | _ | 5 φανερὸν | case | high | Preposition governing the phrase. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 φανερὸν | det | high | Article modifying φανερὸν. |
| 5 | φανερὸν | φανερός | ADJ | a-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 παρασχόντες | obl | high | Substantivized adjective in prepositional phrase. |
| 6 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 πολέμου | det | high | Article modifying πολέμου. |
| 7 | πολέμου | πόλεμος | NOUN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 φανερὸν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of φανερὸν, likely part of idiomatic phrase. |
| 8 | παρασχόντες | παρέχω | VERB | v-a-pam- | Aspect=Aor|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 ἐγένοντο | advcl | high | Aorist participle agreeing with the subject. |
| 9 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 ἀρχὴν | det | high | Article modifying ἀρχὴν. |
| 10 | ἀρχὴν | ἀρχή | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 παρασχόντες | obj | high | Direct object of παρασχόντες. |
| 11 | ἐγένοντο | γίγνομαι | VERB | v-2ami3p- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Main verb; perfective aorist middle form. |
| 12 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | l-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 Λοκροί | det | high | Article modifying Λοκροί. |
| 13 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | r-------- | _ | 14 Ἀμφίσσης | case | high | Preposition governing Ἀμφίσσης. |
| 14 | Ἀμφίσσης | Ἀμφίσσα | PROPN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 Λοκροί | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἐξ. |
| 15 | Λοκροί | Λοκρός | PROPN | n-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἐγένοντο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐγένοντο. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐγένοντο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
τοῖς γὰρ δὴ Λοκροῖς γῆ πρὸς τοὺς Φωκέας ἐτύγχανεν οὖσα ἀμφισβητήσιμος γῆ · ἐκ ταύτης ὑπὸ Θηβαίων ἐπαρθέντες τῶν περὶ Ἰσμηνίαν τόν τε σῖτον ἀκμάζοντα ἔτεμον καὶ ἤλασαν λείαν ἄγοντες·
The first clause contains a predicative/periphrastic construction with ἐτύγχανεν οὖσα; the exact head attachment of ἐτύγχανεν is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | l/p--nd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 Λοκροῖς | det | high | Article modifying Λοκροῖς. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | g-------- | _ | 4 Λοκροῖς | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | d-------- | _ | 4 Λοκροῖς | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | Λοκροῖς | Λοκρός | PROPN | np-dm-p-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἐτύγχανεν | obl | high | Dative of reference with ἐτύγχανεν. |
| 5 | γῆ | γῆ | NOUN | n-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἀμφισβητήσιμος | nsubj | medium | Subject of ἐτύγχανεν in the predicative clause. |
| 6 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | r-------- | _ | 8 Φωκέας | case | high | Preposition governing Φωκέας. |
| 7 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | l/p--ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 Φωκέας | det | high | Article with Φωκέας. |
| 8 | Φωκέας | Φωκεύς | PROPN | np-pam-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 γῆ | nmod | medium | Object of πρός modifying γῆ. |
| 9 | ἐτύγχανεν | τυγχάνω | VERB | v3siia--- | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 12 γῆ | cop | low | Used in periphrastic/predicative construction with οὖσα; attachment uncertain. |
| 10 | οὖσα | εἰμί | VERB | v-sppaf-- | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 ἀμφισβητήσιμος | cop | medium | Participle functioning with ἀμφισβητήσιμος. |
| 11 | ἀμφισβητήσιμος | ἀμφισβητήσιμος | ADJ | a-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 γῆ | amod | high | Predicate adjective modifying the second γῆ. |
| 12 | γῆ | γῆ | NOUN | n-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate nominal of the first clause. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 γῆ | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
| 14 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | r-------- | _ | 15 ταύτης | case | high | Preposition governing ταύτης. |
| 15 | ταύτης | οὗτος | DET | pd-sfg--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 26 ἔτεμον | obl | high | Source/instrumental ablatival phrase with ἐκ. |
| 16 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | r-------- | _ | 17 Θηβαίων | case | high | Preposition governing Θηβαίων. |
| 17 | Θηβαίων | Θηβαῖος | PROPN | a-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ἐπαρθέντες | obl | medium | Agent phrase with ὑπό modifying ἐπαρθέντες. |
| 18 | ἐπαρθέντες | ἐπαίρω | VERB | v-papm--- | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 26 ἔτεμον | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying the subject of ἔτεμον/ἤλασαν. |
| 19 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | l/p--mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 21 Ἰσμηνίαν | det | high | Article with Ἰσμηνίαν. |
| 20 | περὶ | περί | ADP | r-------- | _ | 21 Ἰσμηνίαν | case | high | Preposition forming phrase with Ἰσμηνίαν. |
| 21 | Ἰσμηνίαν | Ἰσμηνίας | PROPN | np-sam-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 τῶν | nmod | medium | Head of prepositional phrase in genitive article chain; morphology is uncertain from form. |
| 22 | τόν | ὁ | DET | l/p--ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 24 σῖτον | det | high | Article with σῖτον. |
| 23 | τε | τε | PART | g-------- | _ | 22 τόν | advmod | high | Enclitic connective, linking to previous object. |
| 24 | σῖτον | σῖτος | NOUN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 ἔτεμον | obj | high | Direct object of ἔτεμον. |
| 25 | ἀκμάζοντα | ἀκμάζω | VERB | v-sppama- | Aspect=Imp|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 24 σῖτον | amod | high | Attributive participle modifying σῖτον. |
| 26 | ἔτεμον | τέμνω | VERB | v3paia--- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the second clause. |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 28 ἤλασαν | cc | high | Coordinator linking the two verbs. |
| 28 | ἤλασαν | ἐλαύνω | VERB | v3paia--- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 26 ἔτεμον | conj | high | Second coordinated main verb. |
| 29 | λείαν | λεία | ADJ | a-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 ἄγοντες | amod | medium | Adjectival modifier of implied/understood object or predicate use with ἄγοντες. |
| 30 | ἄγοντες | ἄγω | VERB | v-papmnp- | Aspect=Imp|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 28 ἤλασαν | advcl | high | Supplementary participle modifying the subject of ἤλασαν. |
| 31 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 ἔτεμον | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
ἐνέβαλον δὲ πανδημεὶ καὶ οἱ Φωκεῖς ἐς τὴν Λοκρίδα καὶ ἐδῄωσαν τὴν χώραν.
The clause has two coordinated verbs sharing the subject Φωκεῖς; ἐς τὴν Λοκρίδα is interpreted as a motion complement with the first verb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐνέβαλον | ἐμβάλλω | VERB | VAAI3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 1 ἐνέβαλον | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | πανδημεὶ | πανδημεί | ADV | _ | _ | 1 ἐνέβαλον | advmod | high | Adverbial modifier of the first verb. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 1 ἐνέβαλον | cc | high | Coordinates the two verbs/clause parts. |
| 5 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 Φωκεῖς | det | high | Definite article with Φωκεῖς. |
| 6 | Φωκεῖς | Φωκεύς | PROPN | NPM-N--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἐδῄωσαν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐδῄωσαν. |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 9 Λοκρίδα | case | high | Preposition governing Λοκρίδα. |
| 8 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 Λοκρίδα | det | high | Article with Λοκρίδα. |
| 9 | Λοκρίδα | Λοκρίς | PROPN | NFS-A--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἐνέβαλον | obl | medium | Likely object of motion with ἐνέβαλον. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 11 ἐδῄωσαν | cc | high | Coordinates the second predicate. |
| 11 | ἐδῄωσαν | δηιόω | VERB | VAAI3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 1 ἐνέβαλον | conj | high | Second coordinated main verb. |
| 12 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 χώραν | det | high | Article with χώραν. |
| 13 | χώραν | χώρα | NOUN | NFS-A--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἐδῄωσαν | obj | high | Direct object of ἐδῄωσαν. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐνέβαλον | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |