Grammar parses for passage 4.12.2
Open translation for this passage
ὁ πρὸς ταῦτα τοῖς βασιλεῦσι καὶ τοῖς ἐφόροις τέχνας μὲν οὖν προθυμουμένοις οὐκ ἐγίνετο ἀνευρεῖν·
The syntax is somewhat elliptical: ὁ likely refers to an implied subject, and the participle προθυμουμένοις attaches to the dative phrase with kings and ephors.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | S-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 ἐγίνετο | nsubj | medium | Likely article used substantively as subject with omitted head or elliptical reference. |
| 2 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R | _ | 3 ταῦτα | case | high | |
| 3 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 14 ἐγίνετο | obl | high | |
| 4 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | S-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 βασιλεῦσι | det | high | |
| 5 | βασιλεῦσι | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 προθυμουμένοις | iobj | medium | Dative with participle; likely indirect object/dative of reference. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 5 βασιλεῦσι | cc | high | |
| 7 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | S-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 ἐφόροις | det | high | |
| 8 | ἐφόροις | ἔφορος | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 βασιλεῦσι | conj | high | |
| 9 | τέχνας | τέχνη | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 ἀνευρεῖν | obj | high | Infinitive complement object. |
| 10 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G | _ | 14 ἐγίνετο | discourse | high | |
| 11 | οὖν | οὖν | PART | G | _ | 14 ἐγίνετο | discourse | high | |
| 12 | προθυμουμένοις | προθυμέομαι | VERB | V-PPP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 14 ἐγίνετο | advcl | medium | Participial modifier; case suggests agreement with βασιλεῦσι/ἐφόροις. |
| 13 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D | _ | 14 ἐγίνετο | advmod | high | |
| 14 | ἐγίνετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-IMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 15 | ἀνευρεῖν | ἀνευρίσκω | VERB | V--ANP | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 14 ἐγίνετο | xcomp | high | |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐγίνετο | punct | high |
οἱ δὲ Ὀδυσσέως τῶν ἔργων ἀπομιμούμενοι τὸ ἐπὶ Ἰλίῳ πέμπουσιν ἄνδρας ἑκατὸν ἐς Ἰθώμην συνήσοντας ἃ μηχανῶνται, λόγῳ δὲ αὐτομόλους·
The clause is elliptical at the end: λόγῳ δὲ αὐτομόλους is best taken as an appositional or predicative contrast to the earlier objective action, but the exact attachment is uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἀπομιμούμενοι | det | high | Article with substantival participle. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 6 ἀπομιμούμενοι | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 3 | Ὀδυσσέως | Ὀδυσσεύς | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἔργων | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἔργων. |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἔργων | det | high | Article. |
| 5 | ἔργων | ἔργον | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ἀπομιμούμενοι | obj | medium | Likely object of ἀπομιμούμενοι in the sense 'imitating the deeds'. |
| 6 | ἀπομιμούμενοι | ἀπομιμέομαι | VERB | Ptcp | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 10 πέμπουσιν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying πέμπουσιν. |
| 7 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 πέμπουσιν | det | high | Article modifying ἄνδρας? More likely anticipates the idiom ἐπὶ Ἰλίῳ. |
| 8 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 10 πέμπουσιν | case | high | Preposition introducing idiomatic phrase. |
| 9 | Ἰλίῳ | Ἴλιος | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 πέμπουσιν | obl | medium | Dative with ἐπί. |
| 10 | πέμπουσιν | πέμπω | VERB | PRES-IND-ACT-3PL | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 11 | ἄνδρας | ἀνήρ | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 πέμπουσιν | obj | high | Direct object of πέμπουσιν. |
| 12 | ἑκατὸν | ἑκατόν | NUM | _ | NumType=Card | 11 ἄνδρας | nummod | high | Numeral modifying ἄνδρας. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 15 συνήσοντας | case | high | Preposition of motion. |
| 14 | Ἰθώμην | Ἰθώμη | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 συνήσοντας | obl | high | Goal of motion. |
| 15 | συνήσοντας | συνίημι | VERB | Ptcp | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 ἄνδρας | amod | high | Future participle agreeing with ἄνδρας. |
| 16 | ἃ | ὅς | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 μηχανῶνται | obj | high | Object of μηχανῶνται. |
| 17 | μηχανῶνται | μηχανάομαι | VERB | PRES-IND-MID-3PL | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 15 συνήσοντας | acl | medium | Relative clause modifying συνήσοντας/ἄνδρας; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 πέμπουσιν | punct | high | Comma. |
| 19 | λόγῳ | λόγος | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 πέμπουσιν | obl | medium | Dative of respect/means: 'in word, nominally'. |
| 20 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 19 λόγῳ | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 21 | αὐτομόλους | αὐτόμολος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 λόγῳ | conj | low | Likely predicate/secondary object complement with λόγῳ; text seems elliptical. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 πέμπουσιν | punct | high | Greek punctuation mark. |
ἦν δὲ καὶ φυγὴ τῶν ἀνδρῶν ἐκ τοῦ φανεροῦ κατεγνωσμένη.
Periphrastic construction with ἦν + perfect passive participle; δὲ and καὶ are particles, and ἐκ τοῦ φανεροῦ forms a prepositional phrase modifying the participle.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἦν | εἰμί | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 10 κατεγνωσμένη | aux | high | Imperfect of εἰμί used with participle to form periphrastic predication. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 ἦν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | PART | _ | _ | 4 φυγὴ | advmod | medium | Likely additive particle modifying φυγή. |
| 4 | φυγὴ | φυγή | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 κατεγνωσμένη | nsubj | high | Subject of the participial/periphrastic predicate. |
| 5 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RD-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 ἀνδρῶν | det | high | Article modifying ἀνδρῶν. |
| 6 | ἀνδρῶν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 φυγὴ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of φυγή. |
| 7 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R | _ | 9 φανεροῦ | case | high | Preposition governing τοῦ φανεροῦ. |
| 8 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RD-GNS | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 φανεροῦ | det | high | Article modifying φανεροῦ. |
| 9 | φανεροῦ | φανερός | ADJ | A-GNS | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 κατεγνωσμένη | obl | medium | Likely substantivized neuter adjective in prepositional phrase; dependent on the participle. |
| 10 | κατεγνωσμένη | καταγιγνώσκω | VERB | V-PPP-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect passive participle; predicate center of the sentence with ἦν. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 κατεγνωσμένη | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |