Grammar parses for passage 4.14.1
Open translation for this passage
Μεσσηνίων δὲ ὅσοις μὲν ἔτυχον ἐν Σικυῶνι οὖσαι καὶ ἐν Ἄργει προξενίαι καὶ παρὰ τῶν Ἀρκάδων τισίν, οὗτοι μὲν ἐς ταύτας τὰς πόλεις ἀπεχώρησαν, ἐς Ἐλευσῖνα δὲ οἱ τοῦ γένους τῶν ἱερέων καὶ θεαῖς ταῖς Μεγάλαις τελοῦντες τὰ ὄργια·
The relative clause is difficult: ὅσοις is dative with ἔτυχον, while οὖσαι and προξενίαι are feminine plural and function as the dative subjects/complements of the construction; the final verbless clause has τελοῦντες as a participial predicate with οἱ τοῦ γένους τῶν ἱερέων understood as its subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μεσσηνίων | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἔτυχον | nsubj | medium | Partitive/genitive subject with ὅσοις understood as referring to Messenians. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 19 οὗτοι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὅσοις | ὅσος | PRON | P-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἔτυχον | obl | medium | Dative with ἔτυχον; relative antecedent is Μεσσηνίων. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 19 οὗτοι | discourse | high | |
| 5 | ἔτυχον | τυγχάνω | VERB | V-2AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 19 οὗτοι | acl:relcl | medium | Aorist of τυγχάνω, 'happened to have/possess' in the relative clause. |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 Σικυῶνι | case | high | |
| 7 | Σικυῶνι | Σικυών | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 προξενίαι | nmod | high | |
| 8 | οὖσαι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAPNFP | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 12 προξενίαι | cop | medium | Present participle, agreeing with προξενίαι; likely existential/predicative. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 προξενίαι | cc | high | |
| 10 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 11 Ἄργει | case | high | |
| 11 | Ἄργει | Ἄργος | PROPN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 προξενίαι | nmod | high | Dative singular of the city name. |
| 12 | προξενίαι | προξενία | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 ἔτυχον | nsubj | medium | Feminine plural subject/predicate associated with ἔτυχον; syntax is compressed. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 τισίν | cc | high | |
| 14 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 Ἀρκάδων | case | high | With genitive, 'from/among'. |
| 15 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 Ἀρκάδων | det | high | |
| 16 | Ἀρκάδων | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 τισίν | nmod | high | |
| 17 | τισίν | τις | PRON | P-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἔτυχον | obl | medium | Dative coordinated with ὅσοις, with ellipsis of the relevant relation. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 οὗτοι | punct | high | |
| 19 | οὗτοι | οὗτος | PRON | P-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ἀπεχώρησαν | nsubj | high | Correlative demonstrative, 'these men'. |
| 20 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 19 οὗτοι | discourse | high | |
| 21 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 24 πόλεις | case | high | |
| 22 | ταύτας | οὗτος | DET | P-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 24 πόλεις | det | high | |
| 23 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | L-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 24 πόλεις | det | high | |
| 24 | πόλεις | πόλις | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 25 ἀπεχώρησαν | obl | high | |
| 25 | ἀπεχώρησαν | ἀποχωρέω | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ἀπεχώρησαν | punct | high | |
| 27 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 28 Ἐλευσῖνα | case | high | |
| 28 | Ἐλευσῖνα | Ἐλευσίς | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 39 τελοῦντες | obl | high | |
| 29 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 39 τελοῦντες | cc | high | Contrasts the second group with οὗτοι μὲν. |
| 30 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | L-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 39 τελοῦντες | nsubj | high | Article substantivizing the following genitive phrase. |
| 31 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 32 γένους | det | high | |
| 32 | γένους | γένος | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 34 ἱερέων | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἱερέων, 'of the priestly family/stock'. |
| 33 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 34 ἱερέων | det | high | |
| 34 | ἱερέων | ἱερεύς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 οἱ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on the substantivized οἱ. |
| 35 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 36 θεαῖς | cc | high | |
| 36 | θεαῖς | θεάομαι | VERB | V-PMP-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 39 τελοῦντες | obl | low | Form is morphologically ambiguous/possibly corrupt; taken as a dative participial form, coordinated with τελοῦντες in the source syntax. |
| 37 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | L-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 38 Μεγάλαις | det | high | |
| 38 | Μεγάλαις | μέγας | ADJ | A-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 36 θεαῖς | amod | high | With θεαῖς: 'the Great [Goddesses]'. |
| 39 | τελοῦντες | τελέω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 25 ἀπεχώρησαν | conj | medium | Participial predicate for the second, contrasted group; finite verb is understood. |
| 40 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 41 ὄργια | det | high | |
| 41 | ὄργια | ὄργια | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 39 τελοῦντες | obj | high | |
| 42 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ἀπεχώρησαν | punct | high |
ὁ δὲ ὄχλος ὁ πολὺς κατὰ τὰς πατρίδας ἕκαστοι τὰς ἀρχαίας ἐσκεδάσθησαν.
The plural verb ἐσκεδάσθησαν agrees with the collective subject ὄχλος in a distributive/semantic sense; ἕκαστοι is a resumptive distributive nominative, while τὰς ἀρχαίας is the object of ἐσκεδάσθησαν. The phrase κατὰ τὰς πατρίδας is adverbial, meaning by/in their respective native regions.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 ὄχλος | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 12 ἐσκεδάσθησαν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὄχλος | ὄχλος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἐσκεδάσθησαν | nsubj | high | Collective subject; plural agreement is semantic/distributive. |
| 4 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 πολὺς | det | high | |
| 5 | πολὺς | πολύς | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ὄχλος | amod | high | Attributive adjective with ὄχλος. |
| 6 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | P | _ | 8 πατρίδας | case | high | |
| 7 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 πατρίδας | det | high | |
| 8 | πατρίδας | πατρίς | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 ἐσκεδάσθησαν | obl | high | Adverbial κατά-phrase. |
| 9 | ἕκαστοι | ἕκαστος | PRON | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Ind | 12 ἐσκεδάσθησαν | nsubj | medium | Distributive/resumptive nominative; some analyses may treat it as an appositive or predicative adjunct to ὄχλος. |
| 10 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 11 ἀρχαίας | det | high | |
| 11 | ἀρχαίας | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 ἐσκεδάσθησαν | obj | medium | Substantivized adjective: ancient [customs/things]; exact noun is elided. |
| 12 | ἐσκεδάσθησαν | σκεδάννυμι | VERB | V-API-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐσκεδάσθησαν | punct | high |