Grammar parses for passage 4.15.4
Open translation for this passage
ἀπῆσαν δὲ ἀμφοτέροις οἱ σύμμαχοι.
The verb ἀπῆσαν means ‘were absent/away’; ἀμφοτέροις is a dative of respect or association, ‘for both sides’; οἱ σύμμαχοι is the nominative subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀπῆσαν | ἄπειμι | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἀπῆσαν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀμφοτέροις | ἀμφότερος | PRON | P-DMD | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἀπῆσαν | obl | medium | Dative of association/respect; understood as referring to both parties. |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 σύμμαχοι | det | high | |
| 5 | σύμμαχοι | σύμμαχος | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἀπῆσαν | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀπῆσαν | punct | high |
καὶ νίκη μὲν ἐγένετο οὐδετέρων σαφής, Ἀριστομένην δὲ ἔργα φασὶν ἀποδείξασθαι πλέον τι ἢ ἄνδρα ἕνα εἰκὸς ἦν, ὥστε καὶ βασιλέα μετὰ τὴν μάχην ᾑροῦντο αὐτόν, ἦν γὰρ καὶ γένους τῶν Αἰπυτιδῶν·
The sentence contrasts an unclear outcome with Aristomenes' exceptional exploits; ἔργα is the accusative subject of the infinitive ἀποδείξασθαι under φασίν, and πλέον τι ἢ ἄνδρα ἕνα εἰκὸς ἦν is an elliptical comparative expression. The final ἦν γένους construction means that he was also of the lineage of the Aepytids.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ἐγένετο | cc | high | |
| 2 | νίκη | νίκη | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐγένετο | nsubj | high | |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PRT | _ | 4 ἐγένετο | discourse | high | |
| 4 | ἐγένετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | οὐδετέρων | οὐδέτερος | PRON | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἐγένετο | nmod | high | Partitive genitive: of neither side. |
| 6 | σαφής | σαφής | ADJ | A-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 νίκη | amod | high | |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐγένετο | punct | high | |
| 8 | Ἀριστομένην | Ἀριστομένης | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 φασὶν | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 φασὶν | cc | high | |
| 10 | ἔργα | ἔργον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 ἀποδείξασθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of ἀποδείξασθαι in indirect statement. |
| 11 | φασὶν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 ἐγένετο | parataxis | high | |
| 12 | ἀποδείξασθαι | ἀποδείκνυμι | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 11 φασὶν | ccomp | high | |
| 13 | πλέον | πλείων | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἀποδείξασθαι | xcomp | medium | Predicative comparative, substantivized/elliptical. |
| 14 | τι | τις | PRON | X-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 πλέον | advmod | medium | Indefinite particle/pronoun strengthening the comparative. |
| 15 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 πλέον | cc | high | |
| 16 | ἄνδρα | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἢ | obl | medium | Comparative standard; construction is elliptical. |
| 17 | ἕνα | εἷς | NUM | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἄνδρα | nummod | high | |
| 18 | εἰκὸς | εἰκός | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 ἦν | nsubj | medium | Impersonal expression, ‘it was likely/reasonable’. |
| 19 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Act | 12 ἀποδείξασθαι | advcl | medium | Elliptical clause governing the comparative standard. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἦν | punct | high | |
| 21 | ὥστε | ὥστε | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 27 ᾑροῦντο | mark | high | Consecutive/result conjunction. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 27 ᾑροῦντο | advmod | high | |
| 23 | βασιλέα | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 ᾑροῦντο | xcomp | high | Predicative accusative with αἱρέω: chose him as king. |
| 24 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | PREP | _ | 26 μάχην | case | high | |
| 25 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | D-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 μάχην | det | high | |
| 26 | μάχην | μάχη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 ᾑροῦντο | obl | high | |
| 27 | ᾑροῦντο | αἱρέω | VERB | V-IMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second coordinated finite clause; middle voice means ‘they chose’. |
| 28 | αὐτόν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 27 ᾑροῦντο | obj | high | |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 ᾑροῦντο | punct | high | |
| 30 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Act | 27 ᾑροῦντο | parataxis | high | Explanatory clause. |
| 31 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | PRT | _ | 30 ἦν | discourse | high | |
| 32 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 33 γένους | advmod | high | Also/additionally. |
| 33 | γένους | γένος | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 30 ἦν | obl | high | Genitive of origin/lineage with εἰμί. |
| 34 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | D-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 35 Αἰπυτιδῶν | det | high | |
| 35 | Αἰπυτιδῶν | Αἰπυτίδαι | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 33 γένους | nmod | high | Patronymic/lineage name. |
| 36 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 30 ἦν | punct | high |