Grammar parses for passage 4.23.6
Open translation for this passage
ὁ δὲ Ἀναξίλας ἐτυράννει μὲν Ῥηγίου, τέταρτος δὲ ἀπόγονος ἦν Ἀλκιδαμίδου·
The sentence has two coordinated/contrastive clauses linked by μὲν ... δὲ; each clause has its own predicate.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 Ἀναξίλας | det | high | Article modifying Ἀναξίλας. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 4 ἐτυράννει | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | Ἀναξίλας | Ἀναξίλας | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐτυράννει | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐτυράννει. |
| 4 | ἐτυράννει | τυραννεύω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate of first clause. |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 4 ἐτυράννει | discourse | high | Correlative particle introducing the first member. |
| 6 | Ῥηγίου | Ῥήγιον | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἐτυράννει | obl | medium | Likely genitive of place/direction with ἐτυράννει; form is ambiguous in context. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐτυράννει | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 8 | τέταρτος | τέταρτος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀπόγονος | amod | high | Attributive to ἀπόγονος. |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 11 ἦν | discourse | high | Connective particle in second clause. |
| 10 | ἀπόγονος | ἀπόγονος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἦν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦν. |
| 11 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate of second clause. |
| 12 | Ἀλκιδαμίδου | Ἀλκιδάμιδας | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀπόγονος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἀπόγονος, indicating descent. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἦν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
οὗτος οὖν ὁ Ἀναξίλας τοὺς Μεσσηνίους μετεπέμπετο· ἐλθοῦσί τε ἔλεγεν ὡς Ζαγκλαῖοι διάφοροι μέν εἰσιν αὐτῷ, χώραν δὲ εὐδαίμονα καὶ πόλιν ἐν καλῷ τῆς Σικελίας ἔχουσιν, ἃ δὴ σφίσιν ἐθέλειν ἔφη συγκατεργασάμενος δοῦναι.
The syntax shifts through several layers of reported speech: ἔλεγεν/ἔφη govern indirect discourse with ὡς plus finite clauses, and the final ἐθέλειν δοῦναι construction depends on ἔφη with a circumstantial participle προηγούμενον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | PD-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Dem | 7 μετεπέμπετο | nsubj | high | Demonstrative pronoun functioning as subject. |
| 2 | οὖν | οὖν | PART | PCL | _ | 7 μετεπέμπετο | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA-NSM | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Ἀναξίλας | det | high | Article modifying the proper name. |
| 4 | Ἀναξίλας | Ἀναξίλας | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 μετεπέμπετο | nsubj | high | Proper name, appositive with οὗτος. |
| 5 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | RA-APM | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 Μεσσηνίους | det | high | Article modifying Μεσσηνίους. |
| 6 | Μεσσηνίους | Μεσσήνιος | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 μετεπέμπετο | obj | medium | Ethnicon used substantivally. |
| 7 | μετεπέμπετο | μεταπέμπω | VERB | V-IMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the first clause. |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 μετεπέμπετο | punct | high | Greek middle dot punctuation. |
| 9 | ἐλθοῦσί | ἔρχομαι | VERB | V-AAP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 ἔλεγεν | advcl | medium | Dative absolute/temporal participial clause; case may be influenced by omitted subject. |
| 10 | τε | τε | PART | GAP | _ | 9 ἐλθοῦσί | discourse | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 11 | ἔλεγεν | λέγω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 7 μετεπέμπετο | parataxis | high | Second finite verb dependent on the narrative main verb. |
| 12 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C | _ | 13 Ζαγκλαῖοι | mark | high | Subordinating conjunction introducing indirect discourse. |
| 13 | Ζαγκλαῖοι | Ζαγκλαῖος | NOUN | N-PMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 εἰσιν | nsubj | medium | Ethnic noun as subject of εἰσιν. |
| 14 | διάφοροι | διάφορος | ADJ | A-PMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 εἰσιν | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective with εἰσιν. |
| 15 | μέν | μέν | PART | GAP | _ | 16 εἰσιν | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 16 | εἰσιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 11 ἔλεγεν | ccomp | high | Copular verb in indirect statement. |
| 17 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | RP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 16 εἰσιν | obl | high | Dative of reference/interest. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 εἰσιν | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 19 | χώραν | χώρα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 ἔχουσιν | obj | high | First coordinated object of ἔχουσιν. |
| 20 | δὲ | δέ | PART | GAP | _ | 19 χώραν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 21 | εὐδαίμονα | εὐδαίμων | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 χώραν | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying χώραν. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 23 πόλιν | cc | high | Coordinator linking the two objects. |
| 23 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 χώραν | conj | high | Second coordinated object. |
| 24 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 25 καλῷ | case | high | Preposition governing καλῷ. |
| 25 | καλῷ | καλός | ADJ | A-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 28 ἔχουσιν | obl | medium | Likely adverbial/locative phrase with ἐν. |
| 26 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA-GSF | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 27 Σικελίας | det | high | Article modifying Σικελίας. |
| 27 | Σικελίας | Σικελία | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 καλῷ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of καλῷ, forming the place expression. |
| 28 | ἔχουσιν | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 16 εἰσιν | conj | high | Coordinated verb within indirect statement. |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 ἔχουσιν | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 30 | ἃ | ὅς | PRON | RR-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 36 δοῦναι | obj | high | Relative pronoun as object of δοῦναι. |
| 31 | δὴ | δή | PART | GAP | _ | 30 ἃ | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 32 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | RP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 36 δοῦναι | iobj | high | Dative indirect object. |
| 33 | ἐθέλειν | ἐθέλω | VERB | V-PAI | Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 34 ἔφη | ccomp | medium | Infinitive in reported speech after ἔφη; morphology uncertain in tokenized form but lemma/context indicate infinitive. |
| 34 | ἔφη | φημί | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 11 ἔλεγεν | parataxis | high | Reporting verb introducing the infinitival complement. |
| 35 | συγκατεργασάμενος | συγκατεργάζομαι | VERB | V-AMP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 34 ἔφη | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying ἔφη. |
| 36 | δοῦναι | δίδωμι | VERB | V-ANA | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 33 ἐθέλειν | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of ἐθέλειν. |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 34 ἔφη | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
προσεμένων δὲ τὸν λόγον, οὕτως Ἀναξίλας διεβίβασεν ἐς Σικελίαν αὐτούς.
The opening genitive participial phrase is best treated as a genitive absolute, though the internal relation of τὸν λόγον is textually/syntactically unusual.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | προσεμένων | προσέρχομαι | VERB | PAPMPG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 8 διεβίβασεν | advcl | medium | Genitive absolute participle; agreement suggests masc. plural, though form is somewhat ambiguous. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 8 διεβίβασεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 λόγον | det | high | Article modifying λόγον. |
| 4 | λόγον | λόγος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 προσεμένων | obj | high | Object of the participle πρoσεμένων in the genitive absolute is semantically odd; likely text or syntactic nuance, but attached as governed nominal. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 διεβίβασεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 6 | οὕτως | οὕτως | ADV | _ | _ | 8 διεβίβασεν | advmod | high | Modifies the main verb. |
| 7 | Ἀναξίλας | Ἀναξίλας | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 διεβίβασεν | nsubj | high | Subject of διεβίβασεν. |
| 8 | διεβίβασεν | διαβιβάζω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 10 Σικελίαν | case | high | Preposition governing Σικελίαν. |
| 10 | Σικελίαν | Σικελία | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 διεβίβασεν | obl | high | Goal/location complement of the verb. |
| 11 | αὐτούς | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 8 διεβίβασεν | obj | high | Direct object of διεβίβασεν. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 διεβίβασεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |