Grammar parses for passage 4.23.9
Open translation for this passage
Γόργος δὲ καὶ Μάντικλος παρῃτοῦντο Ἀναξίλαν μὴ σφᾶς, ὑπὸ συγγενῶν ἀνδρῶν πεπονθότας ἀνόσια, ὅμοια αὐτοὺς ἐς ἀνθρώπους Ἕλληνας ἀναγκάσαι δρᾶσαι.
The coordinated subjects Γόργος and Μάντικλος are the understood agents of παρῃτοῦντο; Ἀναξίλαν is the accusative addressee/object of request. The infinitival complement has σφᾶς as its accusative subject, πεπονθότας agreeing with σφᾶς, and ὅμοια as the predicative object/complement of δρᾶσαι; ἀναγκάσαι governs the complementary infinitive δρᾶσαι. The sequence ὑπὸ συγγενῶν ἀνδρῶν modifies πεπονθότας, while ἀνόσια is its object.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Γόργος | Γόργος | PROPN | N--SMN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 παρῃτοῦντο | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 παρῃτοῦντο | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 Μάντικλος | cc | high | |
| 4 | Μάντικλος | Μάντικλος | PROPN | N--SMN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Γόργος | conj | high | |
| 5 | παρῃτοῦντο | παραιτέομαι | VERB | V2IIM--3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | Ἀναξίλαν | Ἀναξίλας | PROPN | N--SMA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 παρῃτοῦντο | obj | high | |
| 7 | μὴ | μή | PART | X-------- | Polarity=Neg | 21 ἀναγκάσαι | advmod | high | |
| 8 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P---A--3P | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 21 ἀναγκάσαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitival construction; reflexive to the requesting subjects. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 πεπονθότας | punct | high | |
| 10 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 πεπονθότας | case | high | |
| 11 | συγγενῶν | συγγενής | ADJ | A--PΟG-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἀνδρῶν | amod | high | |
| 12 | ἀνδρῶν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N--PΟG-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 πεπονθότας | obl:agent | high | |
| 13 | πεπονθότας | πάσχω | VERB | V-RAPAM-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 21 ἀναγκάσαι | advcl | high | Accusative participle agreeing with σφᾶς; anterior circumstance ('having suffered'). |
| 14 | ἀνόσια | ἀνόσιος | ADJ | A--PNA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 πεπονθότας | obj | high | Substantivized neuter plural, object of πεπονθότας. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ὅμοια | punct | high | |
| 16 | ὅμοια | ὅμοιος | ADJ | A--PNA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 22 δρᾶσαι | obj | medium | Neuter plural adjective, functioning as the object/predicate of δρᾶσαι; exact attachment is somewhat ambiguous. |
| 17 | αὐτοὺς | αὐτός | PRON | P---A--3P | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 22 δρᾶσαι | obj | high | Accusative object of δρᾶσαι; refers to the Greek people. |
| 18 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 ἀνθρώπους | case | high | |
| 19 | ἀνθρώπους | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N--PMA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 δρᾶσαι | obl | high | Prepositional complement of ἐς. |
| 20 | Ἕλληνας | Ἕλλην | ADJ | A--PMA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἀνθρώπους | amod | high | Ethnic adjective modifying ἀνθρώπους. |
| 21 | ἀναγκάσαι | ἀναγκάζω | VERB | V--AAN-- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 5 παρῃτοῦντο | xcomp | high | Infinitive dependent on παρῃτοῦντο; σφᾶς is its accusative subject. |
| 22 | δρᾶσαι | δράω | VERB | V--AAN-- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 21 ἀναγκάσαι | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive governed by ἀναγκάσαι. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 παρῃτοῦντο | punct | high |
μετὰ δὲ τοῦτο ἤδη τοὺς Ζαγκλαίους ἀνίστασαν ἀπὸ τῶν βωμῶν καὶ ὅρκους δόντες καὶ αὐτοὶ παρʼ ἐκείνων λαβόντες ᾤκησαν ἀμφότεροι κοινῇ· ὄνομα δὲ τῇ πόλει μετέθεσαν Μεσσήνην ἀντὶ Ζάγκλης καλεῖσθαι.
The first clause has an understood subject (the Messenians) with ἀνίστασαν governing τοὺς Ζαγκλαίους; participles δόντες and λαβόντες coordinate with the subject of ᾤκησαν. The final clause has πόλει as the dative recipient/possessor with ὄνομα as object-like accusative and Μεσσήνην as the name assigned, while καλεῖσθαι is an infinitival complement of μετέθεσαν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 3 τοῦτο | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G-------- | _ | 7 ἀνίστασαν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | P-S---NA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 7 ἀνίστασαν | obl | high | Temporal accusative phrase with μετά. |
| 4 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D-------- | _ | 7 ἀνίστασαν | advmod | high | |
| 5 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | L-P---MA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 Ζαγκλαίους | det | high | |
| 6 | Ζαγκλαίους | Ζάγκλαιος | PROPN | N-P---MA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Proper=Yes | 7 ἀνίστασαν | obj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 7 | ἀνίστασαν | ἀνίστημι | VERB | V3PIIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 19 ᾤκησαν | advcl | medium | Imperfect; coordinated narrative action under the later finite verb. |
| 8 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | P-------- | AdpType=Prep | 10 βωμῶν | case | high | |
| 9 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-P---MG-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 βωμῶν | det | high | |
| 10 | βωμῶν | βωμός | NOUN | N-P---MG-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἀνίστασαν | obl | high | |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 δόντες | cc | high | |
| 12 | ὅρκους | ὅρκος | NOUN | N-P---MA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 δόντες | obj | high | |
| 13 | δόντες | δίδωμι | VERB | V-AAP-NPM- | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 19 ᾤκησαν | advcl | high | Aorist participle, subject shared with ᾤκησαν. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 18 λαβόντες | cc | high | |
| 15 | αὐτοὶ | αὐτός | PRON | P-NPM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 18 λαβόντες | nsubj | medium | Emphatic subject of λαβόντες; also controls the coordinated participial phrase. |
| 16 | παρʼ | παρά | ADP | P-------- | AdpType=Prep | 17 ἐκείνων | case | high | Elided form of παρά. |
| 17 | ἐκείνων | ἐκεῖνος | PRON | P-GPM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 18 λαβόντες | obl | high | |
| 18 | λαβόντες | λαμβάνω | VERB | V-AAP-NPM- | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 19 ᾤκησαν | advcl | high | Aorist participle; subject αὐτοί. |
| 19 | ᾤκησαν | οἰκέω | VERB | V3PAAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 20 | ἀμφότεροι | ἀμφότερος | PRON | P-NPM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Ind | 19 ᾤκησαν | nsubj | high | Correlative subject, ‘both groups’. |
| 21 | κοινῇ | κοινός | ADV | D-------- | _ | 19 ᾤκησαν | advmod | high | Adverbial feminine dative. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 μετέθεσαν | punct | high | |
| 23 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-ASN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 27 μετέθεσαν | obj | medium | Accusative object with μετέθεσαν; construction may be analyzed as ‘changed the name’. |
| 24 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G-------- | _ | 27 μετέθεσαν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 25 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-DSF--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 26 πόλει | det | high | |
| 26 | πόλει | πόλις | NOUN | N-DSF--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 μετέθεσαν | iobj | high | Dative of the entity whose name is changed. |
| 27 | μετέθεσαν | μετατίθημι | VERB | V3PAAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 19 ᾤκησαν | conj | high | |
| 28 | Μεσσήνην | Μεσσήνη | PROPN | N-ASF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Proper=Yes | 27 μετέθεσαν | xcomp | high | Predicative accusative name assigned to the city. |
| 29 | ἀντὶ | ἀντί | ADP | P-------- | AdpType=Prep | 30 Ζάγκλης | case | high | |
| 30 | Ζάγκλης | Ζάγκλη | PROPN | N-GSF--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Proper=Yes | 27 μετέθεσαν | obl | medium | Genitive governed by ἀντί; lemma normalized to the place-name Ζάγκλη. |
| 31 | καλεῖσθαι | καλέω | VERB | V-PNM--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 27 μετέθεσαν | xcomp | high | Infinitive expressing the intended/resulting name, ‘to be called’. |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 μετέθεσαν | punct | high |