Grammar parses for passage 4.24.7
Open translation for this passage
Ἀθηναῖοι δὲ τὴν ἐς αὐτοὺς τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων ὑπόνοιαν συνέντες Ἀργείοις τε φίλοι διʼ αὐτὸ ἐγένοντο καὶ Μεσσηνίων τοῖς ἐν Ἰθώμῃ πολιορκουμένοις ἐκπεσοῦσιν ὑποσπόνδοις ἔδοσαν Ναύπακτον, ἀφελόμενοι Λοκροὺς τοὺς πρὸς Αἰτωλίᾳ καλουμένους Ὀζόλας.
The participle συνέντες governs the accusative ὑπόνοιαν and introduces the causal background; φίλοι and ὑποσπόνδοις are predicate complements of ἐγένοντο and ἔδοσαν respectively. ἐκπεσοῦσιν is dative participial agreement with τοῖς ... πολιορκουμένοις, while the final participial phrase explains the removal of the Locrians.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀθηναῖοι | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | N--MPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἐγένοντο | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 ἐγένοντο | cc | high | |
| 3 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S--FA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ὑπόνοιαν | det | high | |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 αὐτοὺς | case | high | |
| 5 | αὐτοὺς | αὐτός | PRON | P--AM-P-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 8 ὑπόνοιαν | obl | high | |
| 6 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | S--GPM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 Λακεδαιμονίων | det | high | |
| 7 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N--GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ὑπόνοιαν | nmod | high | |
| 8 | ὑπόνοιαν | ὑπόνοια | NOUN | N--SFA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 συνέντες | obj | high | |
| 9 | συνέντες | συνίημι | VERB | V-2AAPMPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 ἐγένοντο | advcl | high | Aorist participle, causal/temporal. |
| 10 | Ἀργείοις | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | N--DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 φίλοι | obl | high | |
| 11 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 φίλοι | cc | high | |
| 12 | φίλοι | φίλος | ADJ | A--NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἐγένοντο | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective/noun with dative Ἀργείοις. |
| 13 | διʼ | διά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 14 αὐτὸ | case | high | |
| 14 | αὐτὸ | αὐτός | PRON | P--ASN-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 15 ἐγένοντο | obl | high | |
| 15 | ἐγένοντο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2ADI3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 24 ἔδοσαν | cc | high | Coordinates the second main predicate. |
| 17 | Μεσσηνίων | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | N--GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 τοῖς | nmod | high | |
| 18 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | S--DPM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 ἐκπεσοῦσιν | det | high | Substantivized article, with participles. |
| 19 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 20 Ἰθώμῃ | case | high | |
| 20 | Ἰθώμῃ | Ἰθώμη | PROPN | N--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 πολιορκουμένοις | obl | high | |
| 21 | πολιορκουμένοις | πολιορκέω | VERB | V-PPPPDM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 22 ἐκπεσοῦσιν | amod | high | Substantivized participle. |
| 22 | ἐκπεσοῦσιν | ἐκπίπτω | VERB | V-2AAPDM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 24 ἔδοσαν | obl | high | Dative participle agreeing with τοῖς πολιορκουμένοις. |
| 23 | ὑποσπόνδοις | ὑπόσπονδος | ADJ | A--DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 ἔδοσαν | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with understood object/beneficiaries. |
| 24 | ἔδοσαν | δίδωμι | VERB | V-2AAI3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 15 ἐγένοντο | conj | high | |
| 25 | Ναύπακτον | Ναύπακτος | PROPN | N--SFA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ἔδοσαν | obj | high | |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 ἀφελόμενοι | punct | high | |
| 27 | ἀφελόμενοι | ἀφαιρέω | VERB | V-2AMPMPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 24 ἔδοσαν | advcl | high | Supplementary/circumstantial participle with the Athenian subject. |
| 28 | Λοκροὺς | Λοκρός | PROPN | N--MPA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 27 ἀφελόμενοι | obj | high | |
| 29 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | S--MPA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 καλουμένους | det | high | |
| 30 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 31 Αἰτωλίᾳ | case | high | |
| 31 | Αἰτωλίᾳ | Αἰτωλία | PROPN | N--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 καλουμένους | obl | high | Dat. with πρός in the sense 'near/by'. |
| 32 | καλουμένους | καλέω | VERB | V-PPPPMA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 28 Λοκροὺς | acl | high | Agrees with Λοκρούς; takes Ὀζόλας as predicate naming complement. |
| 33 | Ὀζόλας | Ὀζόλαι | PROPN | N--MPA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 καλουμένους | xcomp | high | Accusative predicate complement of καλουμένους. |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἐγένοντο | punct | high |
τοῖς δὲ Μεσσηνίοις παρέσχεν ἀπελθεῖν ἐξ Ἰθώμης τοῦ τε χωρίου τὸ ἐχυρὸν καὶ ἅμα Λακεδαιμονίοις προεῖπεν ἡ Πυθία ἦ μὴν εἶναί σφισι δίκην ἁμαρτοῦσιν ἐς τοῦ Διὸς τοῦ Ἰθωμάτα τὸν ἱκέτην.
The syntax is compressed: παρέσχεν governs ἀπελθεῖν, while προεῖπεν coordinates a second predicate with an infinitival content clause; δίκην εἶναι is a predicate-accusative construction, and ἁμαρτοῦσιν is a dative participle agreeing with σφισι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | DA-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 παρέσχεν | iobj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | --------- | _ | 4 παρέσχεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | Μεσσηνίοις | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | ----DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 παρέσχεν | iobj | high | Appositional/identifying with τοῖς. |
| 4 | παρέσχεν | παρέχω | VERB | V-AAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | ἀπελθεῖν | ἀπέρχομαι | VERB | V-2AAN-- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 4 παρέσχεν | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of παρέσχεν. |
| 6 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 Ἰθώμης | case | high | |
| 7 | Ἰθώμης | Ἰθώμη | PROPN | ----G-S- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἀπελθεῖν | obl | high | |
| 8 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | DA-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 χωρίου | det | high | |
| 9 | τε | τε | CCONJ | --------- | _ | 10 χωρίου | cc | high | Correlative τε with καί. |
| 10 | χωρίου | χωρίον | NOUN | ----GSN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἀπελθεῖν | obl | medium | Genitive associated with ἀπελθεῖν; exact scope is compressed. |
| 11 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | DA-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἐχυρὸν | det | high | |
| 12 | ἐχυρὸν | ἐχυρός | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἀπελθεῖν | obj | medium | Substantivized adjective, probably specifying the stronghold. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | --------- | _ | 16 προεῖπεν | cc | high | |
| 14 | ἅμα | ἅμα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 16 προεῖπεν | advmod | high | |
| 15 | Λακεδαιμονίοις | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | ----DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 προεῖπεν | iobj | medium | Dative with προεῖπεν, likely addressee. |
| 16 | προεῖπεν | προαγορεύω | VERB | V-2AAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 4 παρέσχεν | conj | high | Coordinated predicate. |
| 17 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | DA-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 Πυθία | det | high | |
| 18 | Πυθία | Πυθία | PROPN | ---NSF--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 προεῖπεν | nsubj | high | |
| 19 | ἦ | ἦ | PART | --------- | _ | 21 εἶναί | advmod | medium | Emphatic particle in the oath-like infinitival clause. |
| 20 | μὴν | μήν | PART | --------- | _ | 19 ἦ | fixed | medium | Particle sequence ἦ μὴν. |
| 21 | εἶναί | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 16 προεῖπεν | ccomp | high | Infinitival content clause after προεῖπεν. |
| 22 | σφισι | σφεῖς | PRON | P------DP- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 23 δίκην | iobj | high | |
| 23 | δίκην | δίκη | NOUN | ----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 εἶναί | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative with εἶναι. |
| 24 | ἁμαρτοῦσιν | ἁμαρτάνω | VERB | V-PAP-DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 23 δίκην | acl | high | Dative participle agreeing with σφισι; causal/concessive sense. |
| 25 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 27 Διὸς | case | high | |
| 26 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | DA-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 Διὸς | det | high | |
| 27 | Διὸς | Ζεύς | PROPN | ----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 ἁμαρτοῦσιν | obl | high | |
| 28 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | DA-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 Ἰθωμάτα | det | high | |
| 29 | Ἰθωμάτα | Ἰθωμάτας | PROPN | ----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 Διὸς | appos | high | Epithet in apposition to Διός. |
| 30 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | DA-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 ἱκέτην | det | high | |
| 31 | ἱκέτην | ἱκέτης | NOUN | ----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 ἁμαρτοῦσιν | obj | high | Object of ἁμαρτοῦσιν: offense against the suppliant. |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 παρέσχεν | punct | high |
ὑπόσπονδοι μὲν ἐκ Πελοποννήσου τούτων ἕνεκα ἀφείθησαν·
The sentence means that they were released from the Peloponnese under truce for these reasons; ὑπόσπονδοι is a predicative adjective, and ἕνεκα is postpositive with genitive τούτων.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὑπόσπονδοι | ὑπόσπονδος | ADJ | A-NSM-P | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἀφείθησαν | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with passive ἀφείθησαν: released under truce. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G- | _ | 7 ἀφείθησαν | discourse | high | Correlative/topic particle. |
| 3 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R- | _ | 4 Πελοποννήσου | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 4 | Πελοποννήσου | Πελοπόννησος | PROPN | Nb-SG-F | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἀφείθησαν | obl | high | Genitive source complement of ἐκ. |
| 5 | τούτων | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-GP-N | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ἕνεκα | obl | high | Genitive with ἕνεκα, indicating the reason/matter concerned. |
| 6 | ἕνεκα | ἕνεκα | ADP | R- | _ | 7 ἀφείθησαν | obl | high | Postposition governing the genitive τούτων. |
| 7 | ἀφείθησαν | ἀφίημι | VERB | V-API-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist passive indicative, third-person plural. |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | U | _ | 7 ἀφείθησαν | punct | high |