Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 4.29.3

← 4.29.2 4.29.4 →

Passage 4.29.3

Open translation for this passage

2sentences parsed

84Greek tokens

1,996input tokens

5,802output tokens

Sentence 1

4.29.3 sentence 1

Tokens: 45
Input: 1,049
Output: 3,009
Total: 4,058

ὡς δὲ ἡμέρα τε ἐπέσχε καὶ ἤδη τοῖς ἔνδον αἴσθησις ἐγεγόνει τοῦ κατειληφότος κινδύνου, τὸ μὲν πρῶτον αὐτοὺς ἐσῆλθεν ὑπόνοια ὡς οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι σὺν ὅπλοις παρέλθοιεν αὐτῶν ἐς τὴν πόλιν, ὥστε καὶ ὥρμησαν ἐπʼ αὐτοὺς ἀφειδέστερον διὰ τὸ μῖσος τὸ ἐξ ἀρχῆς.

The sentence has an initial temporal ὡς-clause, a main impersonal/external-experiencer construction ὑπόνοια ἐσῆλθεν αὐτούς, an indirect-content clause with optative παρέλθοιεν, and a consecutive ὥστε-clause coordinated in meaning with the main event.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	CONJ	_	5 ἐπέσχε	mark	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	5 ἐπέσχε	cc	high
3	ἡμέρα	ἡμέρα	NOUN	N--NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	5 ἐπέσχε	nsubj	high
4	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	3 ἡμέρα	cc	high
5	ἐπέσχε	ἐπέχω	VERB	V-AIA-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	20 ἐσῆλθεν	advcl	high
6	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	11 ἐγεγόνει	cc	high
7	ἤδη	ἤδη	ADV	ADV	_	11 ἐγεγόνει	advmod	high
8	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	T--DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	9 ἔνδον	det	high
9	ἔνδον	ἔνδον	ADV	ADV	_	10 αἴσθησις	advmod	high	Substantivized with τοῖς: those inside.
10	αἴσθησις	αἴσθησις	NOUN	N--NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	11 ἐγεγόνει	nsubj	high
11	ἐγεγόνει	γίγνομαι	VERB	V-LIA-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pluperf\|Voice=Act	20 ἐσῆλθεν	conj	high
12	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 κατειληφότος	det	high
13	κατειληφότος	καταλαμβάνω	VERB	V-L通常-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	14 κινδύνου	amod	low	Perfect active participle; exact parser code uncertain.
14	κινδύνου	κίνδυνος	NOUN	N--GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	10 αἴσθησις	nmod	high
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	20 ἐσῆλθεν	punct	high
16	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T--ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	18 πρῶτον	det	high
17	μὲν	μέν	PART	PART	_	18 πρῶτον	discourse	high
18	πρῶτον	πρῶτος	ADV	A--ASM	Case=Acc\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	20 ἐσῆλθεν	advmod	medium	Accusative neuter phrase τὸ πρῶτον functioning adverbially; feature analysis simplified.
19	αὐτοὺς	αὐτός	PRON	P--AM3P	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	20 ἐσῆλθεν	iobj	high	Experiencer with ἐσῆλθεν.
20	ἐσῆλθεν	εἰσέρχομαι	VERB	V-2AIA-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
21	ὑπόνοια	ὑπόνοια	NOUN	N--NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	20 ἐσῆλθεν	nsubj	high
22	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	CONJ	_	27 παρέλθοιεν	mark	high	Introduces reported content of ὑπόνοια.
23	οἱ	ὁ	DET	T--NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	24 Λακεδαιμόνιοι	det	high
24	Λακεδαιμόνιοι	Λακεδαιμόνιος	PROPN	N--NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	27 παρέλθοιεν	nsubj	high
25	σὺν	σύν	ADP	PREP	_	26 ὅπλοις	case	high
26	ὅπλοις	ὅπλον	NOUN	N--DPN	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	27 παρέλθοιεν	obl	high
27	παρέλθοιεν	παρέρχομαι	VERB	V-2AAO-3P	Mood=Opt\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	21 ὑπόνοια	ccomp	high	Optative in indirect discourse.
28	αὐτῶν	αὐτός	PRON	P-GM3P	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	31 πόλιν	nmod	high	Possessive/relational genitive: their city.
29	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	31 πόλιν	case	high
30	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	31 πόλιν	det	high
31	πόλιν	πόλις	NOUN	N--ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	27 παρέλθοιεν	obl	high
32	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	27 παρέλθοιεν	punct	high
33	ὥστε	ὥστε	SCONJ	CONJ	_	35 ὥρμησαν	mark	high	Consecutive clause.
34	καὶ	καί	ADV	ADV	_	35 ὥρμησαν	advmod	high
35	ὥρμησαν	ὁρμάω	VERB	V-AIA-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	20 ἐσῆλθεν	advcl	high
36	ἐπʼ	ἐπί	ADP	PREP	_	37 αὐτοὺς	case	high
37	αὐτοὺς	αὐτός	PRON	P--AM3P	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	35 ὥρμησαν	obl	high
38	ἀφειδέστερον	ἀφειδής	ADV	A--AMS	Degree=Cmp	35 ὥρμησαν	advmod	high	Comparative adverb.
39	διὰ	διά	ADP	PREP	_	41 μῖσος	case	high
40	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	41 μῖσος	det	high
41	μῖσος	μῖσος	NOUN	N--ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	35 ὥρμησαν	obl	high
42	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	44 ἀρχῆς	det	high
43	ἐξ	ἐκ	ADP	PREP	_	44 ἀρχῆς	case	high
44	ἀρχῆς	ἀρχή	NOUN	N--GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	41 μῖσος	nmod	high	τὸ ἐξ ἀρχῆς: from the beginning.
45	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	20 ἐσῆλθεν	punct	high

Sentence 2

4.29.3 sentence 2

Tokens: 39
Input: 947
Output: 2,793
Total: 3,740

ἐπεὶ δὲ ἐκ τε τῶν ὅπλων καὶ τῆς φωνῆς Μακεδόνας καὶ Δημήτριον τὸν Φιλίππου γνωρίζουσιν ὄντας, δεῖμα ἰσχυρὸν παρέστη σφίσι λογιζομένοις τήν τε ἐς τὰ πολεμικὰ τῶν Μακεδόνων μελέτην καὶ τύχην ᾗ πρὸς ἅπαντα ἑώρων χρωμένους αὐτούς.

Subordinate ἐπεί-clause has γνωρίζουσιν as its finite verb, with Μακεδόνας and Δημήτριον ... ὄντας as its accusative predicate/participial complement. Main δεῖμα παρέστη takes σφίσι as dative experiencer and λογιζομένοις as a circumstantial participle; ᾗ introduces a relative clause modifying τύχην, though the attachment of χρωμένους is syntactically compressed and uncertain.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἐπεὶ	ἐπεί	SCONJ	C--------	PronType=Rel	15 γνωρίζουσιν	mark	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	15 γνωρίζουσιν	cc	high
3	ἐκ	ἐκ	ADP	R--------	_	6 ὅπλων	case	high
4	τε	τε	CCONJ	C--------	_	7 καὶ	cc	high
5	τῶν	ὁ	DET	L-P---NG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	6 ὅπλων	det	high
6	ὅπλων	ὅπλον	NOUN	N-P---NG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	10 Μακεδόνας	obl	high
7	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	9 φωνῆς	cc	high
8	τῆς	ὁ	DET	L-S---FG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	9 φωνῆς	det	high
9	φωνῆς	φωνή	NOUN	N-S---FG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	10 Μακεδόνας	obl	high
10	Μακεδόνας	Μακεδών	PROPN	N-P---MA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	15 γνωρίζουσιν	obj	high	Accusative complement/predicate with ὄντας.
11	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	12 Δημήτριον	cc	high
12	Δημήτριον	Δημήτριος	PROPN	N-S---MA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	10 Μακεδόνας	conj	high
13	τὸν	ὁ	DET	L-S---MA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	12 Δημήτριον	det	high
14	Φιλίππου	Φίλιππος	PROPN	N-S---MG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	12 Δημήτριον	nmod	high	Patronymic/genitival identifier.
15	γνωρίζουσιν	γνωρίζω	VERB	V3PPAAI---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	20 παρέστη	advcl	high
16	ὄντας	εἰμί	AUX	V-P-SAMA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	10 Μακεδόνας	cop	medium	Accusative present participle agreeing chiefly with Μακεδόνας; Δημήτριον is coordinated.
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	15 γνωρίζουσιν	punct	high
18	δεῖμα	δεῖμα	NOUN	N-S---NN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	20 παρέστη	nsubj	high
19	ἰσχυρὸν	ἰσχυρός	ADJ	A-S---NN-	Case=Nom\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	18 δεῖμα	amod	high
20	παρέστη	παρίστημι	VERB	V3SAIA---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
21	σφίσι	σφεῖς	PRON	P--------	Case=Dat\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	20 παρέστη	iobj	high
22	λογιζομένοις	λογίζομαι	VERB	V-PMPMDP-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	20 παρέστη	advcl	high	Circumstantial dative participle, agreeing with σφίσι.
23	τήν	ὁ	DET	L-S---FA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	30 μελέτην	det	high
24	τε	τε	CCONJ	C--------	_	31 καὶ	cc	high
25	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R--------	_	27 πολεμικὰ	case	high
26	τὰ	ὁ	DET	L-P---NA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	27 πολεμικὰ	det	high
27	πολεμικὰ	πολεμικός	ADJ	A-P---NA-	Case=Acc\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	30 μελέτην	obl	high	Substantivized adjective: military matters.
28	τῶν	ὁ	DET	L-P---MG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	29 Μακεδόνων	det	high
29	Μακεδόνων	Μακεδών	PROPN	N-P---MG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	27 πολεμικὰ	nmod	high
30	μελέτην	μελέτη	NOUN	N-S---FA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	22 λογιζομένοις	obj	high
31	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	32 τύχην	cc	high
32	τύχην	τύχη	NOUN	N-S---FA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	30 μελέτην	conj	high
33	ᾗ	ὅς	PRON	P-S---FD-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Rel	37 χρωμένους	obl	medium	Relative pronoun modifying τύχην; dative likely instrumental or manner.
34	πρὸς	πρός	ADP	R--------	_	35 ἅπαντα	case	high
35	ἅπαντα	ἅπας	PRON	A-P---NA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Tot	36 ἑώρων	obl	high	Substantivized adjective/pronominal form.
36	ἑώρων	ὁράω	VERB	V3PIAI---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	33 ᾗ	acl:relcl	medium	Relative-clause verb; understood subject is the observers.
37	χρωμένους	χράομαι	VERB	V-PMPMA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	36 ἑώρων	xcomp	low	Accusative participle likely predicative with αὐτούς; exact attachment/reading is compressed.
38	αὐτούς	αὐτός	PRON	P-P---MA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Prs	37 χρωμένους	obj	high
39	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	20 παρέστη	punct	high

← 4.29.2 4.29.4 →